三、完型填空的具體解題方法
完型填空的具體解題方法,也就是我們?cè)诮馔晷吞羁疹}時(shí)應(yīng)遵循的模式以及所應(yīng)注意的問題。
1.完型填空的具體解題模式
完型填空的具體解題模式,大致是這樣幾個(gè)步驟:
首先是通讀題干,把握文章的脈絡(luò),了解文章的大意,為進(jìn)一步的分析題目作準(zhǔn)備;
其次是仔細(xì)閱讀考題,對(duì)答案進(jìn)行分析判斷;
最后再一次通讀全文,檢查所做的題目。
以下我將以 1999年6月CET6的CLOZE為例進(jìn)行說明。
首先是通讀全文。第一遍通讀,其目的是總結(jié)出意群的大意并由此而把握文章的脈絡(luò)。文章的開頭寫道:Most people who travel long distances complain of jetlag.這就是文章的主題句。它說明了本文所敘述的內(nèi)容,一定是與時(shí)差反應(yīng)有關(guān)的,多半是講述如何克服時(shí)差反應(yīng)的。我們?cè)谕ㄗx文章時(shí),對(duì)于文章的第一句一定要加以注意,因?yàn)橥晷吞羁盏牡谝痪湟话闶遣幻}的,其目的就是要我們比較容易地掌握文章的主旨。
Jetlag makes business travelers less productive and more prone ___61___ making mistakes.It is actually caused by ___62___ of your “body clock”----a small cluster of brain cells that controls the timing of biological ___63___.The body clock is designed for a ___64___ rhythm of daylight and darkness,so that it is thrown out of balance when it ___65___ daylight and darkness at the“wrong“times in a new time zone.The ___66___ of jetlag often persists for days ___67___ the internal body clock slowly adjusts to the new time zone.這是第一個(gè)意群,它的主要意思就是說生 物鐘造成了時(shí)差反應(yīng)。我們可以將這一段話概括為“生物鐘-時(shí)差“。Now a new anti-jetlag system is ___68___ that is based on proven ___69___ pioneering scientific research.Dr Martin Moore—Ede had ___70___ a practical strategy to adjust the body clock much sooner to the new time zone ___71___ controlled exposure to bright light.The time zone shift is easy to accomplish and eliminates ___72___ of the discomfort of jetlog.這是第二個(gè)意群,它的意思是有一項(xiàng)新的科研成果,即用對(duì)接觸光線的控制來調(diào)節(jié)生物鐘,從而消除時(shí)差反應(yīng)。我們可以將其概括為“新成果-控制與光接觸-消除時(shí)差“。A successful time zone shift depends on knowing the exact times to either ___73___ or avoid bright light.Exposure to light at the wrong time can actually make jetlag worse.The proper schedule ___74___ light exposure depends a great deal on ___75___ travel plans.這是第三個(gè)意群,它講的是,用這種方法進(jìn)行時(shí)區(qū)的過渡的條件,也就是如何控制受光的問題,以及控制的依據(jù)。我們不妨概括為“如何控制受光“。第四個(gè)意群就是我們?cè)诘谝还?jié)中所列舉的,可以概括為“指南-依據(jù)-內(nèi)容“。第五個(gè)意群是下面的這段話:When the trip guide calls ___78___ bright light you should spend time outdoors if possible.If it is dark outside,or the weather is bad,___79___ you are on an aeroplane,you can use a special light device to provide the necessary light ___80___ for a range of activities such as reading,watching TV or working.這段話的意思是遵照旅行指南進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)的具體方法。可以簡(jiǎn)記為“調(diào)節(jié)方式“。這樣,文章的大意以及脈絡(luò)就很清楚了,而且對(duì)于我們所獲得的以上的信息,可以保持較長時(shí)間的記憶。
然后就要仔細(xì)地閱讀文章,分析選項(xiàng)并初步得出答案。在考慮答案時(shí),應(yīng)該首先考慮題目的考點(diǎn),搞明白這道題考的是什么,然后才能有的放矢,得出正確答案。