2002年4月英語(一)試題（全國卷）

課程代碼：00012
Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure (10 points,1 point for each)
 從下列各句四個選項(xiàng)中選出一個最佳答案。

1.What you said reminds me ____ something I read a few days ago.
  A.for           B.by           C.from           D.of

2.Another worry is that telecommunication systems may isolate people__ each other 
   A.from           B.for           C.with           D.to

3.The smog is due __ invisible gases, mostly from automobile exhaust.
  A.from            B.to             C.for             D.with

4.__ is accepted as ture is relatively,and not absolutely, true.
  A.It             B.That             C.What             D.That it

5.There are many children and adolescents ___ behavior is generally unacceptable.
  A.their             B.who             C.whom             D.whose

6.Edison failed __ times before he succeeded in producing the first electric lamp.
  A.thousand        B.thousands       C.a thousand of        D. thousands of

7.Water ____ the digestive juices flow more freely and helps to digest the food.
  A.makes       B.causes       C.pushes       D.turns

8.The panic attacks may ____ for only a few minutes; some, however, continue for several hours.
  A.happen       B.begin       C.last       D.end

9.Let us see how dictionaries are made and how the editors ____ definitions.
  A.lead to        B.arrive at       C.reach for       D.approach to

10.The nurse took ___ of my blood to test.
  A.an example        B.an instance       C.a case        D.a sample

Ⅱ. Cloze Test (10 points, 1 point for each)

下列短文中有十個空白，每個空白有四個選項(xiàng)。根據(jù)上下文要求選出最佳答案。

Earth’s animals are disappearing faster than they reproduce. Because there is too 11 research and too much ignorance, 12 is aware of how much we are losing.

Many different kinds of plants and animals 13 extinct. Every year,0.5 percent of the  14 things in the tropical rain forests become extinct. Some disappear 15 they are found and named. No one has time 16 them before they are gone.

The disappearance of species 17 scientists. They want the U.S. Endangered Species Act of 1973 to be made 18 .This act was formed to protect endangered species. 19, land developers,and factory owners disagree. They want changes that will make the act weaker.They think the act is not working. They believe it is not 20 to private landowners. They want the act to consider people more.

11. A.little       B.a little       C.few       D.a few

12.A.anyone        B.no one         C.someone       D.either one

13.A.are becoming       B.were becoming       C.became       D.are to become

14.A.lively        B.alive       C.living       D.live

15.A.as       B.after       C.until       D.before

16.A.study       B.to study       C.studying       D.studied

17.A.interests       B.attracts       C.worries       D.encourages

18.A.better       B.larger       C. faster       D. stronger

19.A.However      B.Furthermore       C.Therefore       D. Though

20.A.enough       B. fair       C. important       D. effective

Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension (30 points, 2 points for each)

從下列每篇短文的問題后所給的四個選擇項(xiàng)中選出一個最佳答案。

Passage One
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
You can improve your child’s hearing memory considerably.Once his hearing memory has been greatly improved,he'll be able to use and remember what he listens to in class.The success of these suggestions depends upon your ability to use your child’s natural desire to get involved in games he finds simple and fun.

A good way to begin is to read aloud a sentence from a book suitable for your child's reading age. Then ask your youngster to repeat the sentence back to you correctly. Next, reread the sentence, leaving out a particular word. See if your child can identify the word you left out. At the beginning use only simple sentences. Gradually, increase the length of the sentences. Make sure you don’t rush things along too quickly, or your child may become discouraged and tired of the game.

Take your child shopping with you often. He’s to remember a list of items you want to buy in the supermarket. At first ,ask him to remember only a few things. Then, as he shows increased ability to remember, make the list longer and longer. Praise him often and warmly when he shows increased ability to remember things. He'll become proud of his‘good’memory and will happily play the game.

Encourage your child to learn easy and short poems. As his ability to do this becomes stronger, encourage him to remember longer poems. Do the same with songs.

21.The suggestions will be successful if____.
   A.you find simple and funny games for your child
   B.you can stimulate your child’s interest in the activity
   C.you force your child to get involved in more practice
   D.you improve your own hearing memory first

22.The purpose of asking your child to repeat what you say is __.
   A.to practice his pronunciation
   B.to develop his reading skills
   C.to help him remember what he hears
   D.to play a simple game he may find fun

23.The third paragraph mainly talks about ___.
   A.another way to improve your child’s hearing memory
   B.how you should take you child shopping with you
   C.how to remember the items you want to buy
   D.th way you help your child do shopping

24.The last sentence ‘Do the same with songs’ means you should encourage your child to learn and remember ___.
   A.songs in the same way as he does with poems.
   B.poems in the same way as he does with songs
   C.the poems and songs which are similar in meaning
   D.those songs that have the same meaning as poems

25.Who are the supposed readers of this passage?
   A.Children.          B.Parents.         C.Teachers.         D.Psychologists.

Passage Two

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.

In the United States, it is important to be on time, or punctual, for an appointment, a class, a meeting, etc. However, this may not be true in all countries .An American professor discovered this difference while teaching a class in a Brazilian(巴西的)university. The two-hour class was scheduled to begin at 10 A.M. and end at 12.On the first day, when the professor arrived on time, no one was in the classroom. Many students came after 10 A.M.S several arrived after 10∶30 A.M. Two students came after 11 A.M. Although all the students greeted the professor as they arrived, few apologized(道歉)for their lateness. Were these students being rude? He decided to study the students’ behavior.

The  professor talked to American and Brazilian students about lateness in both an informal and a formal situation: at a lunch with a friend and in a university calls, respectively. He gave them an example and asked them how they would react. If they had a lunch appointment with a friend, the average American student defined lateness as 19 minutes after the agreed time. On the other hand, the average Brazilian student felt the friend was late after 33 minutes.

In an American university, students are expected to arrive at the appointed hour. In contrast, in Brazil, neither the teacher nor the students always arrive at the appointed hour. Classes not only begin at the scheduled time in the United States, but also end at the scheduled time. In the Brazilian class, only a few students left the class at 12∶00; many remained past 12∶30 to discuss the class and ask more questions. While arriving late may not be very important in Brazil, neither is staying late.

26.The word ‘punctual’ most probably means ___.
   A.leaving soon after class
   B.coming early
   C.arriving a few minutes late
   D.being on time

27.Why did the professor study the Brazilian students’behavior?
   A.He felt puzzled at the students' being late.
   B.He felt angry at the students' rudeness.
   C.He wanted to make the students come on time later.
   D.He wanted to collect data for one of his studies.

28.It can be inferred from the professor’s study of lateness in the informal situation that ____,
  A.American students will become impatient if their friend is five minutes late
  B.neither Brazilian nor American students like being late in social gatherings
  C.being late in one culture may not be considered so in another culture
  D.Brazilian students will not come thirty-three minutes after the agreed time

29.From the last paragraph we know that in Brazil ____. 
   A.it is important to arrive at the appointed time
   B.it is rude to keep the professor staying after calls
   C.it is normal for students to leave during lectures
   D.it is acceptable for professors to be late for class.

30.What is the main idea of this passage?
   A.It is important to be on time for class in the United States.
   B.The importance of being on time differs among cultures.
   C.People learn the importance of time from the culture they are in.
   D.Students being late for class should explain the reason to their teacher.

Passage Three
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.

Conflict, like stress, is a natural phenomenon when people interact. Conflict in some form is always present; however, It is not always negative. Conflict can be positive, for example, when you and your colleagues try to select the best possible alternative to a problem. However, much more attention is given to the negative aspects of conflict.
Conflict occurs when we fear the unknown. This can be very simple: someone says something in a tone of voice different from our expectations, which raises questions in our mind as to what the real meaning might be. Of course conflict can, and does, occur in much more serious circumstances.

Your ability to detect and understand conflict will place you in a better position to control the situation. Conflict is often categorized in three stages. Stage one is the day-to-day irritations(惱人的事)that require minimal coping strategies. Stage one conflict is real but low in intensity. The intensity can increase if irritations increase and no solution is found.
Stage two is reached when the parties become competitive. Each person protects his self-interest and fears loss of face. The win-lose attitude becomes integrated with the problem.

Stage three is reached when the objective changes from wanting to win toward wanting to hurt the other party. This stage can be explosive because other people are drawn into the conflict and sides are chosen. Problem solving is no longer a realistic method of resolution.

By understanding the three stages of conflict, it will be easier for you to handle the day-to-day situations to which you are exposed. You will also be able to detect potential conflict between others in which you do not want to get involved.

31.Conflict is ____.
  A.paid attention to because it is negative
  B.only positive when occurring between colleagues
  C. universally present in human interactions
  D.similar to stress in every aspect

32.Stage two conflict is different from stage one conflict in that ___.
   A.it is caused by daily disputes
   B.it is low in intensity
   C.it takes a form of competition
   D.it always leads to loss of face

33.The third stage can be explosive because _____.
   A.quarreling becomes inevitable
   B.it is not longer a conflict between two individuals
   C.people begin to hate each other
   D.no solution is possible

34.The ability to identify conflict ___.
   A.can help you make good use of conflict
   B.enables you to win every competition
   C.can prevent conflict from occurring
   D.can help you deal with the situation better

35.The conflict between a student and his roommate caused by different living habits is an instance of ____.
   A.stage one conflict              B.stage two conflict
   C.stgae three conflict             D.none of the above

Ⅳ.Word Spelling (10 points,1 point for two words)
  將下列漢語單詞譯成英語。作為提示，每個詞的詞類和第一個字母以及用短線表示的其余字母數(shù)，已給出。
36.介紹v.i_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _           37.猶豫v.h_ _ _ _ _ _ _
38.裝備，設(shè)備n.e_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _     39.周期n.c_ _ _ _
40.黃色的a.y_ _ _ _ _               41.吸引.vs_ _ _ _
42.頻繁地ad.f_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _      43.關(guān)閉v.s_ _ _
44.進(jìn)步n.p_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _           45.請求n.r_ _ _ _ _ _
46.擁有v.p_ _ _ _ _ _               47.被動的a.p_ _ _ _ _ _
48.整潔的a.n_ _ _                   49.巖石n.r_ _ _
50.最終ad.e_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _          51.智慧n.w_ _ _ _ _
52.發(fā)明v.i_ _ _ _ _                 53.遙遠(yuǎn)的a.r_ _ _ _ _
54.理論n.t_ _ _ _ _                 55.車輪n.w_ _ _ _

Ⅴ.Word Form (10 points, 1 point for each)
   將括號中的各詞變?yōu)檫m當(dāng)形式填入空白。
56.Some young people got ____ (marry) without even telling their parents or other family members.
57.He won’t let anyone else ____ (visit) his sister.
58.If you had spoken clearly, you ___ (understand).
59.Everyone should be allowed to make a mistake without ____ (punish) for it.
60.Usually,such harmful fumes rise into the upper air and ____ (blow) away by the wind.
61.This __ (discover) of diamond came at time when there was a big demand.
62.The news was made ____ (know) to the public at last.
63.By the end of this year, Mr. Brown ____ (be)here for twenty years.
64.A___(smile)Chinese may not be approving but somewhat embarrassed.
65.I'm going to take the bus ___ (save) money.

Ⅵ.C-E Translation (15 points, 3 points for each)
   將下列各句譯成英語。
66.你計(jì)劃怎么來處理這個問題?
67.我們明天出不出去要看天氣。
68.我們不愿意討論保險的一個原因是保險很費(fèi)錢。
69.沒有你的幫忙我們昨天就完不成任務(wù)。
70.據(jù)說有些單親家庭的孩子生活很悲慘。

Ⅶ.E-C Translation (15 points)
  將下列短文譯成漢語。
Many people feel the health of American children is in trouble. In fact, 40% of children aged 5 to 8 may be unhealthy already. For example, many are overweight and have high blood pressure. Doctors believe that these conditions are the result of physical inactivity.

In many countries in the world, all school children have to do one hour of exercise every day. These exercises may be simple, such as running or jumping. Doctors believe that habits learned early are more likely to stay with us through life. School is the perfect place to learn these habits. Active, healthy children who exercise regularly can become active, healthy adults.

參考答案

Ⅰ.Vocabulary and structure (10 points, 1 point for each)
   1.D     2.A     3.B     4.C     5.D    
   6.D     7.A     8.C     9.B     10.D

Ⅱ.Cloze Test (10 points,1 point for each)
   11.A     12.B     13.A     14.C     15.D
   16.B     17.C     18.D     19.A     20.B

Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension (30 points,2 points for each)
   21.B     22.C     23.A     24.A     25.B  
   26.D     27.A     28.C     29.D     30.B
   31.C     32.C     33.B     34.D     35.A

Ⅳ.Word Spelling (10 points, 1 point for two words)
  36.introduce   37.hesitate      38.equipment   39.cycle     40.yellow
  41.attract     42.frequently    43.shut         44.progress  45.request
  46.possess     47.passive       48.neat         49.rock      50.eventually
  51.wisdom      52.invent        53.remote       54.theory    55.wheel

Ⅴ.Word From (10 points, 1 point for each)
   56. married     57.visit     58.would have been understood
   59.being punished      60.are blown         61.discovery
   62.known             63.will have been     64.smiling
   65.to save

Ⅵ.C-E Translation (15 points, 3 points for each)
66.How do you plan to deal with this problem?
67.Whether or not we will go out tomorrow depends on the weather.
68.One reason why we are unwilling to discuss insurance is that it is very expensive.
69.Without your help we could not have finished the task yesterday.
70.It is said that in some single parent families children live a miserable life.

Ⅶ.E-C Translation (15 points)
   許多人認(rèn)為美國兒童的健康狀況不良。事實(shí)上，5歲至8歲的兒童中已有40%屬于不健康之列。例如，很多兒童過于肥胖，血壓偏高。醫(yī)生相信這種狀況是不愛運(yùn)動的結(jié)果。

   在世界很多國家，所有在校學(xué)生每天必須鍛煉一個小時。這些活動可以很簡單，如，跑、跳。醫(yī)生認(rèn)為我們小時候養(yǎng)成的習(xí)慣更有可能保持一生。學(xué)校是養(yǎng)成這些習(xí)慣的最佳場所。定期參加鍛煉的、活潑健康的兒童才能成長為積極、健康的成年人。