58. Liquids are like solids _C_ they have a definite volume.
A with that B for that C in that D at that
三個(gè)與that的搭配的表達(dá)形式：now that, in that [因?yàn)?/SPAN>], except that。
59. When a fire _C_ at the National Exhibition in
A broke off B broke down C broke out D broke up
break out （火災(zāi)、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)）突然發(fā)生，爆發(fā)；
60. The destruction of these treasures was a loss for mankind that no amount of money could _D_. [make up for 彌補(bǔ)]
A stand up to B put up with C come up with D make up for
61. Then the speaker _B_ the various factors leading to the present economic crisis.
A went after B went into C went for D went on
go after 追求，設(shè)法得到； go into 談?wù)摚瑪⑹觯?/SPAN> go for 襲擊/支持； go on 繼續(xù)。
62. The students was just about to _C_ the questions, when suddenly he found the answer
A arrive at B submit to C give up D work out
63. When there are small children around, it is necessary to put bottles of pills out of _B_.
A hand B reach C hold D place
out of reach 夠不著； within reach 夠得找。
64. The _D_ of blood always makes him feel sick.
A form B look C view D sight
form n. 形式，形狀； view n. 風(fēng)景，景色/視野，視域； look 指的是主觀有意識(shí)的看；
sight n. 看見(jiàn)，瞥見(jiàn)（不強(qiáng)調(diào)主客觀）。
66. Free medical treatment in this country covers sickness of mind as well as _B_ sickness
A normal B ordinary C average D regular
sickness of mind 精神��； normal adj. 正常的； average adj. 平均的，中等水平的；
regular adj. 有規(guī)律的，規(guī)則的； ordinary sickness 一般性疾病。
68. Although he had looked through all the reference material on the subject, he still found it hard to understand this point and her explanation only _C_ to his confusion.
A extended B amounted C added [add to 增加] D turned
70. It took him several months to ___ the wild horse.
A tend B cultivate C tame D breed
tame vt. 馴服； breed 強(qiáng)調(diào)的是繁殖，側(cè)重指大批量的繁殖。
It take sb. sometime to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少時(shí)間。
第4課
主謂一致：指的就是給出主語(yǔ)，要求判斷謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是用單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)的問(wèn)題。
一、就近原則：
指句子的主語(yǔ)由兩部分單詞或短語(yǔ)構(gòu)成時(shí)，由離謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞近的那部分主語(yǔ)來(lái)決定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。
只有當(dāng)以下單詞或短語(yǔ)連接主句的兩部分時(shí)就近原則才適用：
1. or 或者； 2. either … or … 不是…就是… ，…或… ； 3. neither … nor … 既不…也不… ；
4. not only … but also … 不但…而且… ； 5. not … but … 不是…而是…
例如：主語(yǔ)1 or 主語(yǔ)2 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。 此時(shí)由主語(yǔ)2決定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。
10. _C_ either he or his accountants going to claim for the loss?
A Are B Where C Is D Does
如果題目改變?yōu)椋?/SPAN>Either he or his accountants ___ going … 則應(yīng)選A
二、句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一定用復(fù)數(shù)的兩種情況：
1. 集合名詞做主語(yǔ)，集合名詞沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式，因?yàn)樗旧砭痛硪粋�(gè)復(fù)數(shù)概念。
常見(jiàn)的幾個(gè)復(fù)合名詞： people 人民，人們； police 警察； cattle 牛； poultry 家禽。
2. 表示數(shù)量的復(fù)數(shù)名詞 + 不可數(shù)名詞，整體做主語(yǔ)時(shí)
例如：去年出口了八百萬(wàn)頓煤。 Eight million tons of coal were exported last year.
三、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一定用單數(shù)的六種情況：
1. 句子的主語(yǔ)是由從句充當(dāng)?shù)�、�?dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)、動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)；
2. 表示時(shí)間、重量、長(zhǎng)度、價(jià)值四方面的詞做主語(yǔ)；
399. -- “How many days?”
0 -- “Did you say that five days _C_ required to complete that work?”
A are B were C was D is
3. 表示單數(shù)概念的主語(yǔ)，短語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，此時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也用單數(shù)；
因?yàn)榇私Y(jié)構(gòu)中短語(yǔ)只是對(duì)主語(yǔ)提供附加說(shuō)明情況，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也用單數(shù)。
當(dāng)以下這些標(biāo)志性的介詞或介詞短語(yǔ)出現(xiàn)在此結(jié)構(gòu)中時(shí)可以不管中間的附加說(shuō)明情況：
with, together with, like, except, besides, in addition to, rather than, as well as
注意：表示復(fù)數(shù)概念的主語(yǔ)，短語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，此時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。
4. each, every, either, some, any, no，由以上六個(gè)詞中任何一個(gè)所構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)；
some經(jīng)常構(gòu)成的三個(gè)復(fù)合代詞：something, somebody, someone；
no經(jīng)常構(gòu)成的三個(gè)復(fù)合代詞：nothing, nobody, no one； either of + 短語(yǔ)；
5. 通常由and連接兩部分這種形式做主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)，但在以下兩種情況下則應(yīng)用單數(shù)；
1> and連接的兩部分指的是同一事物；
2> and連接的兩部分被no, each, every中任何一個(gè)詞修飾時(shí)；
例如：每位男士
Every man and every woman is supposed to dress properly.
11. Many an airplane _B_ in the exhibition.
A are shown B has been shown C has shown D show them
many a(an) 很多，相當(dāng)于many； many a(an) + 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，做主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
6. many a (an) + 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
9. Not only Joan but her sisters _B_ the combination to the safe which contains the list of the family securities.
A have known B know C knows D is knowing
not only … but also … 的一種變形形式，not only … but …
另一種變形形式not only … but … as well
combination n. 密碼； combination to the safe 保險(xiǎn)箱密碼； securities有價(jià)證券。
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41. She ought to stop work; she has a headache because she _A_ too long.
A has been reading B had read C is reading D read
had read 過(guò)去完成時(shí)要與一般過(guò)去時(shí)搭配。
has been reading 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：指某行為從過(guò)去一點(diǎn)到現(xiàn)在一直在進(jìn)行。
42.
A attention B attraction C appointment D arrangement
tourist attraction 旅游勝地； attention n. 注意力； appointment n. 委任的職位，約會(huì)；
date n. 日期，約會(huì)，棗；表示約會(huì)時(shí)指的是異性之間的私人約會(huì)。 arrangement n. 布置，安排
blind date 兩人第一次見(jiàn)面的約會(huì)。 appointment 指公事性質(zhì)的，比較正式的約會(huì)。
43. I don't mind _B_ the decision as long as it is not too late.
A you to delay making B your delaying making
C your delaying to make D you delay to make
mind 后要加動(dòng)名詞； delay v. 耽擱，延誤（后面也要加動(dòng)名詞）
45. Corn originated in the
A being cultivated B been cultivated C having cultivated D cultivating
46. The sale usually takes place outside the house, with the audience _C_ on benches, chairs or boxes.
A having seated B seating C seated D having been seated
注意：seat是及物動(dòng)詞，及物動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)形式，后面要直接加賓語(yǔ)。
Be seated please. 請(qǐng)坐。 英語(yǔ)中只有及物動(dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
47. This kind of glasses manufactured by experienced craftsmen _B_ comfortably.
A is worn B wears C wearing D are worn
當(dāng)wear表穿戴時(shí)，而句子的主語(yǔ)是被穿戴的東西時(shí)，wear是不及物動(dòng)詞，沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
65. The coming of the railways in the 1830s _A_ our society and economic life.
A transformed B transported C transferred D transmitted
字根trans在四級(jí)中著重考的含義是“從一個(gè)地方到另一個(gè)地方”。
transform 改革，變革，改變； transport 運(yùn)輸； transfer 轉(zhuǎn)移，移動(dòng)；
transmit 傳送，播送；疾病的傳染，傳播； transplant 移植。
48. Some diseases are _D_ by certain water animals.
A transplanted B transformed C transported D transmitted
49. Wouldn't you rather your child _B_ to bed early?
A go B went C would go D goes
would rather的兩種用法：1 would rather + 動(dòng)詞原形；
2 would rather + 句子（句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)體現(xiàn)虛擬語(yǔ)氣）。
50. Although Anne is happy with her success she wonders _B_ will happen to her private life. [wonder后面要加疑問(wèn)詞]
A that B what C it D this
51. The words of his old teacher left a _C_ impression on his mind. He is still influenced by them. [lasting adj. 持久的，永久的； liberal adj. 開(kāi)明的，心胸開(kāi)闊的]
A long B lively C lasting D liberal
52. Mike's uncle insists _D_ in this hotel.
A staying not B not to stay C that he would not stay D that he not stay
insist的兩種用法：1 insist on … 堅(jiān)持，堅(jiān)決要求；
2 insist + that引導(dǎo)的從句（從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為[should] + 動(dòng)詞原形）
53. We agree to accept _D_ they thought was the best tourist guide.
A whatever B whomever C whichever D whoever
they thought是插入語(yǔ)，可以不看； tourist guide 導(dǎo)游。
56. Although many people view conflict as bad, conflict is sometimes useful _C_ it forces people to test relative merits of their attitudes and behaviors.
A by which B to which C in that D so that
句子的意思是：如果沖突以后能回家反省一下自己是好事情。
in that 因?yàn)椋?/SPAN> conflict n. 沖突； relative merits 相比較而言的優(yōu)點(diǎn)； so that 以至于。
57. He is _A_ about his chances of winning a gold medal in the Olympics next year.
A optimistic B optional C outstanding D obvious
optimistic adj. 樂(lè)觀的； pessimistic adj. 悲觀的； be optimistic about 對(duì)…持樂(lè)觀態(tài)度。
optional adj. 隨意的，任選的，非強(qiáng)制性的； optional courses 選修課；
outstanding adj. 卓越的，杰出的； obvious adj. 明顯的。
58. Sometimes I wish I _B_ in a different time and a different place.
A be living B were living C would live D would have lived
wish后加的句子一定要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。
與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，wish后的句子經(jīng)常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)來(lái)體現(xiàn)虛擬語(yǔ)氣。
59. The director was critical _C_ the way we were doing the work.
A at B in C of D with
be critical of 對(duì)...愛(ài)挑剔的，批評(píng)。
60. In a sudden _B_ of anger, the man tore up everything within reach.
A attack B burst C split D blast
within reach 夠得著； out of reach 夠不著； burst 爆發(fā)，迸發(fā)；
burst可以與很多詞語(yǔ)搭配表示突然發(fā)作：
1 能與人的情緒（喜、怒、哀、樂(lè)）搭配； 2 能與掌聲、笑聲搭配。
61. _D_ she realized it was too late to go home.
A No sooner it grew dark than B Hardly did it grow dark that
C Scarcely had it grown dark than D It was not until dark that
no sooner在句首時(shí)句子要用部分倒裝；hardly要與when搭配；scarcely也要與when搭配。
62. In
A swallow B dispose C consume D exhaust
swallow 吞，咽； dispose 去掉，處理，安排； consume 消費(fèi)，消耗； consumer 消費(fèi)者；
exhaust 將資源消耗殆盡；如果與人在一個(gè)句子中搭配則表示使人精疲力竭。
63. I'd _A_ his reputation with other farmers and business people in the community, and then make a decision about whether or not to approve a loan.
A take into account B account for C make up for D make out
take into account 考慮； make up for 彌補(bǔ)，補(bǔ)償。
65. She cooked the meat for a long time so as to make it _D_ enough to eat.
A mild B slight C light D tender
mild adj. 不辣的； hot adj. 辣的； extra hot 極辣的；
light adj. 清淡的，容易消化的；蛋糕點(diǎn)心等松軟的； muffin n. 松餅；
slight adj. 輕微的，少量的； tender adj. 肉嫩的。
steak n. 牛排；rare 三成熟的；medium 七成熟的；well-done 全熟的；medium rare 五成熟。
66. We take our skin for granted until it is burned _A_ repair.
A beyond B for C without D under
take sth. for granted 把什么事當(dāng)成理所當(dāng)然的而不重視； beyond prep. 超出 … 的范圍。
67. The computer revolution may well change society as _C_ as did the Industrial Revolution.
A certainly B insignificantly C fundamentally D comparatively
certainly 當(dāng)然的，確定無(wú)疑的（主觀思想較濃厚）； insignificantly 沒(méi)有意義的，無(wú)足輕重的；
comparatively 相比較而言的； fundamentally 根本性的，從本質(zhì)上來(lái)說(shuō)。
68. _C_ in this way, the situation doesn't seem so disappointing.
A To look at B Looking at C Looked at D To be looked at
70. Some women _D_ a good salary in a job instead of staying home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the family.
A must make B should have made C would make D could have made
for the sake of為了… ；為了…的利益；
與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反時(shí)用：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + have + 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞；
should have + 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞，表示本應(yīng)該…
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32. You cannot be _B_ careful when you drive a car.
A very B too C so D enough
cannot too 在…也不為過(guò)，越…越好。
34. Every man in this country has the right to live where he wants to _A_ the color of his skin. [regardless of 不管，不顧]
A regardless of B in the light of C by virtue of D with the exception of
35. Housewives who do not go out to work feel they are not working to their full _B_.
A strength B capacity C length D possibility
strength n. 力量，體力，實(shí)力； capacity n. 才能，才智（能力方面）。
38. The old couple decided to _C_ a boy and a girl though they had three of their own.
A adapt B bring C adopt D receive
39. The government is trying to do something to _D_ better understanding between the two countries.
A raise B increase C heighten D promote
promote better understanding 增進(jìn)理解。
40. The newspaper did not mention the _A_ of the damage caused by the fire.
A extent B level C range D quantity
extent作核心名詞，表示到…程度了，介詞用to。
41. The soldier was _A_ of running away when the enemy attacked.
A accused B charged C scolded D punished
be accused of 被指控，被職責(zé)； be charged with 被指控。
42. Had he worked harder, he _D_ the exams.
A must have got through B could get through
C would get through D would have got through
had he worked harder (虛擬語(yǔ)氣) = if he had worked harder …
與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反用：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + have + 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞。
45. It seems oil _B_ from this pipe for some time. We'll have to take the machine apart to put it right.
A had leaked B has been leaking C leaked D is leaking
for + 一段時(shí)間，做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用完成時(shí)態(tài)。過(guò)去完成時(shí)要與一般過(guò)去時(shí)搭配。
46. When he arrived, he found _C_ the aged and the sick at home.
A nothing but B none other C none but D no other than
形容詞前加the表示一類人。 none but 只有，僅有。
47. The pressure _B_ causes Americans to be energetic, but it also puts them under a constant emotional strain.
A competing B to compete C to be competed D having competed
the right to vote 選舉權(quán)。 動(dòng)詞不定式作后置定語(yǔ)要用主動(dòng)形式。
the pressure to compete 競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的壓力。
49. As teachers we should concern ourselves with what is said, not what we think _C_.
A have to be said B must say C ought to be said D need to say
50. Once environmental damage _A_, it takes many years for the system to recover.
A is done B is to do C does D has done
51. Studies show that the things that contribute most to a sense of happiness cannot be bought, _B_ a good family life, friendship and work satisfaction.
A as for B such as C in case of D in view of
contribute to 對(duì)…做出貢獻(xiàn)。
52. He will agree to do what you require _D_ him.
A for B from C to D of
require sth. of sb. 要求某人做某事。
53. The mere fact _A_ most people believe nuclear war would be madness does not mean that it will not occur.
A that B which C what D why
fact后面要加同位語(yǔ)從句。
54. John seems nice person. _C_, I don't trust him.
A Even though B Therefore C Even so D Though
even so 即便如此，盡管如此。
55. I don't think it advisable that Tom _A_ to the job since he has no experience.
A be assigned B will be assigned C is assigned D has been assigned
advisable后面加句子要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，形式為：（should）+ 動(dòng)詞原形。
56. _D_, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.
A Other things to be equal B Were other things equal
C To be equal to other things D Other things being equal
B項(xiàng)如果不省略if應(yīng)為：If other things were equal
如果從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，主句也必須用虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式。
other things being equal 在這里是獨(dú)立主格做條件狀語(yǔ)。
57. _C_ that my head had cleared, my brain was also beginning to work much better.
A For B Since C Now D Despite
注意以下三個(gè)后面加句子的表達(dá)形式：
59. By 1929, Mickey Mouse was as popular _B_ children as Coca-Cola.
A for B with C to D in
be popular with + 人的群體 受…歡迎。
60. Because Edgar was convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he _A_ his opinion.
A stuck to B strove for C stuck at D stood for
be convinced of 深信，確信； stick to 堅(jiān)持； strive for 力求，拼命爭(zhēng)取。
Don’t strive for perfection. 不要凡是都力求達(dá)到完美狀態(tài)。
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48. It’s no use _B_ me not to worry.
A you tell B your telling C for you to have told D having told
It's no use + 動(dòng)名詞。 動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，賓格（形容詞性物主代詞）+ 動(dòng)名詞。
52. If it _A_ too much trouble, I’d love a cup of tea.
A isn’t B wasn’t C weren’t D hadn’t been
一般日常用語(yǔ)，用一般時(shí)。
56. She was glad that her success would ___ for the women who would follow.
A make things easier B make it easier C be easier D be easier to make
make for 導(dǎo)致，促成；朝某個(gè)方向前進(jìn)，走向那里。
不要選有代詞指代不明的選項(xiàng)。 A項(xiàng)中的things指的是境況，境遇。
60. We object _C_ punishing a whole group for one person’s fault.
A against B about C to D for
68. The newest satellite can _A_ a thousand telephone conversations and a color TV program at the same time.
A carry B extend C bring D take
carry vt. 傳送，傳輸； extend vt. 延伸，延續(xù)（extend to 延伸到，延續(xù)到）。
fetch vt. 去拿來(lái)，去請(qǐng)來(lái)，去叫來(lái)； fetch water 打水。
-------------------------1995-01-------------------------
41. The grey building is where the workers live, and the white one is where the spare parts _B_. [spare parts零部件]
A are producing B are produced C produced D being produced
48. _A_ a teacher in a university, it is necessary to have at least a master's degree.
A To become B Become C One become D On becoming
master's degree 碩士學(xué)位； 當(dāng)介詞on后面加動(dòng)詞ing形式時(shí)表示時(shí)間概念“在…之后”。
49. The little man was _C_ more than one meter fifty tall.
A nearly B quite C hardly D almost
hardly more than 不足，不到。
36. The little man was _B_ one meter fifty high.
A almost more than B hardly more than C nearly more than D as much as
53. Medical care reform has become this country's most important public health _C_.
A question B stuff C matter D issue
matter 事物，事情； question 有疑而問(wèn)，并且有待回答的問(wèn)題；
questions and answers Q & A 問(wèn)與答； issue n. 問(wèn)題（強(qiáng)調(diào)的是政治方面的問(wèn)題）。
1999年前，臺(tái)灣問(wèn)題Taiwan issue；1999年后，臺(tái)灣問(wèn)題Taiwan question，態(tài)度轉(zhuǎn)變。
60. If you don't like to swim, you _B_ stay at home.
A should as well B may as well C can as well D would as well
may as well 還是，到不如。
70. They are teachers and don't realize _A_ to start and run a company.
A what it takes B what takes it C what they take D what takes them
start and run a company 創(chuàng)立并經(jīng)營(yíng)一家公司。
-------------------------1996-06-------------------------
23. A healthy life is frequently thought to be _D_ with the open countryside and homegrown food.
A tied B bound C involved D associated
be involved with 牽涉，卷入； be associated with 與...相關(guān)，聯(lián)系起來(lái)。
homegrown food 自家種的食品； wine 葡萄酒； house wine 自家的酒。
33. The traditional approach _A_ with complex problems is to break them down into smaller, more easily managed problems.
A to dealing B in dealing C dealing D to deal
approach n. 方式，方法； approach to + 動(dòng)名詞。
43. It's already
A we are going home B we go home C we went home D we can go home
it's about time后面加句子，要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)來(lái)體現(xiàn)虛擬語(yǔ)氣。
44. Lightning is a _A_ of electrical current from a cloud to the ground or from one cloud to another. [Lightning n. 閃電]
A rush B rainbow C rack D ribbon
rush n. 沖撞，沖擊，撞擊； rainbow n. 彩虹，幻想； rack n. 支架，掛架；
ribbon n. 緞帶，絲帶，絨帶。
46. I've already told you that I'm going to buy it, _A_.
A however much it costs B however does it costs much
C how much does it cost D no matter how it costs
however在這里不表示轉(zhuǎn)折，而是句子的引導(dǎo)詞，這種情況下它相當(dāng)于：no matter how。
意思是，我已經(jīng)決定要買了，不管多少錢。
47.
A ranked B occupied C arranged D classified
| 北京 | 天津 | 上海 | 江蘇 | 山東 |
| 安徽 | 浙江 | 江西 | 福建 | 深圳 |
| 廣東 | 河北 | 湖南 | 廣西 | 河南 |
| 海南 | 湖北 | 四川 | 重慶 | 云南 |
| 貴州 | 西藏 | 新疆 | 陜西 | 山西 |
| 寧夏 | 甘肅 | 青海 | 遼寧 | 吉林 |
| 黑龍江 | 內(nèi)蒙古 |
