Passage Four 

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
　　We all know that DNA has the ability to identify individuals but, because it is inherited, there are also regions of the DNA strand which can relate an individual to his or her family (immediate and extended), tribal group and even an entire population. Molecular Genealogy (宗譜學(xué)) can use this unique identification provided by the genetic markers to link people together into family trees. Pedigrees (家譜) based on such genetic markers can mean a breakthrough for family trees where information is incomplete or missing due to adoption, illegitimacy or lack of records. There are many communities and populations which have lost precious records due to tragic events such as the fire in the Irish courts during Civil War in 1921 or American slaves for whom many records were never kept in the first place.
　　The main objective of the Molecular Genealogy Research Group is to build a database containing over 100,000 DNA samples from individuals all over the world. These individuals will have provided a pedigree chart of at least four generations and a small blood sample. Once the database has enough samples to represent the world genetic make-up, it will eventually help in solving many issues regarding genealogies that could not be done by relying only on traditional written records. Theoretically, any individual will someday be able to trace his or her family origins through this database.
　　In the meantime, as the database is being created, molecular genealogy can already verify possible or suspected relationships between individuals. “For example, if two men sharing the same last name believe that they are related, but no written record proves this relationship, we can verify this possibility by collecting a sample of DNA from both and looking for common markers (in this case we can look primarily at the Y chromosome (染色體)),” explains Ugo A. Perego, a member of the BYU Molecular Genealogy research team.

26. People in a large area may possess the same DNA thread because .
A) DNA is characteristic of a region
B) they are beyond doubt of common ancestry
C) DNA strand has the ability to identify individuals
D) their unique identification can be provided via DNA

27. The possible research of family trees is based on the fact that .
A) genetics has achieved a breakthrough
B) genetic information contained in DNA can be revealed now
C) each individual carries a unique record of who he is and how he is related to others
D) we can use DNA to prove how distant an individual is to a family, a group or a population

28. The Molecular Genealogy Research Group is building a database for the purpose of .
A) offering assistance in working out genealogy-related problems
B) solving many issues without relying on traditional written records
C) providing a pedigree chart of at least four generations in the world
D) confirming the assumption that all individuals are of the same origin

29. If two men suspected for some reason they have a common ancestor, .
A) we can decide according to their family tree
B) we can find the truth from their genetic markers
C) we can compare the differences in their Y chromosome
D) we can look for written records to prove their relationship

30. Which of the following CANNOT be inferred from the passage?
A) We are a walking,living,breathing record of our ancestors
B) Many American slaves did not know who their ancestors were.
C) An adopted child generally lacks enough information to prove his identity.
D) Molecular genealogy can be used to prove a relationship between individuals. 

Part ⅢVocabulary(20 minutes)

Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

31. WTO is regarded by some countries as an access to foreign markets rather than as a for opening up the home market.
A) commerce B) committee C) commitment D) commission

32. We should recognize that every company and every person is part of a long of customers and suppliers.
A) pool B) line C) stream D) chain

33. Today the small town is better against flood than it was 20 years ago.
A) protected B) prevented C) preserved D) prepared

34. Did you mean I should keep the receipt? I�餸 afraid I have .
A) run it over B) torn it up C) taken it apart D) shaken it off

35. Unlike photocopies of books, the digital copies are virtually in quality to the original.
A) similar B) identical C) resembling D) alike

36. The price of fresh vegetables according to the weather.
A) fluctuates B) increases C) soars D) maintains

37. Your proposal looks good ,but I am not convinced it can be put into effect.
A) on paper B) at sight C) under cover D) in bulk

38. The government that refuses to meet the needs of its people must bear the .
A) results B) outcomes C) effects D) consequences

39. The elderly people in this country are entitled to a special heating allowance from the government when they pass the age of sixty.
A) claim B) declare C) inquire D) apply

40. The snow has been steadily for hours and the ground is completely covered.
A) showering B) dropping C) descending D) falling

41. The hostess went to great to make the child comfortable and feel at home.
A) efforts B) lengths C) heights D) details

42. You said the post office is on this block, can you be a bit more ?
A) particular B) specific C) abstract D) especial

43. His composition was so confusing that I could hardly make any of it whatsoever.
A) meaning B) message C) information D) sense

44. I am afraid that you have to alter your views in light of the tragic news that has just arrived.
A) optimistic B) distressing C) indifferent D) pessimistic

45. As the saying goes, reading without reflecting is like eating without .
A) chewing B) tasting C) digesting D) releasing

46. All of us did quite a good job but the teacher only him out for praise.
A) yelled B) singled C) selected D) pulled

47. Without a sure supply of water, farming in that area remains at the of the weather.
A) disposal B) risk C) cost D) mercy

48. Industrial communities should be close enough to crowded centers but enough to reduce potential dangers.
A) advanced B) reliable C) distant D) sophisticated

49. She had a guilty about not telling the police what had actually happened.
A) consciousness B) conscience C) consequence D) confusion

50. There is a beautiful of pine forest near my country house.
A) extension B) length C) spell D) stretch

51. We’ve all our time and effort in this plan, and we don’t want it to fail.
A) invested B) exhausted C) devoted D) assigned

52. The workers demands were，they only asked for a small raise in their wages.
A) general B) moderate C) partial D) numerous

53. You should know to spend all your money on those impractical fancy goods.
A) other than B) rather than C) more than D) better than

54. Everybody seemed to have known about his scandal, only his wife was kept in the .
A) dark B) ignorance C) shade D) shadow

55. All students in the class a loud laugh when the professor told them a joke.
A) let up B) let down C) let off D) let out

56. It can be safely that there is no living beings on that planet.
A) resumed B) assessed C) assumed D) assured

57. There are certain when you have to interrupt people who are in the middle of doing something.
A) chances B) situations C) occasions D) opportunities

58. Mother into the room and kissed her sleeping baby.
A) crept B) staggered C) rushed D) marched

59. The building started with a steel which was later filled in with bricks and concrete.
A) institution B) terminal C) sightseeing D) framework

60. This book does not have an structure. Some parts are even contradictory .
A) integrated B) informed C) intensive D) inward 

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