教育公平是社會(huì)公平的重要基礎(chǔ)，促進(jìn)教育公平是國(guó)家基本教育政策。黨和國(guó)家高度重視家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生上學(xué)問(wèn)題，近些年中央有關(guān)部門密集出臺(tái)相關(guān)資助政策措施，已建立起覆蓋學(xué)前教育至研究生教育的學(xué)生資助政策體系，從制度上保障不讓一個(gè)學(xué)生因家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難而失學(xué)。

　　Educationalequitymatters because it is an important basis for social equality, and the basic education policy in China is to ensure greater equity in education for all. The Chinese government is committed to increasing the affordability and availability of education for low-income students. And competent authorities over recent years have introduced a series of financial aid policies and put into place a financial aid system that runs from preschool education to graduate education, to institutionally ensure the affordability of education for low-income students.

　　研究生教育階段：國(guó)家獎(jiǎng)助學(xué)金、“三助”崗位津貼、國(guó)家助學(xué)貸款、學(xué)費(fèi)補(bǔ)償貸款代償?shù)榷喾N方式并舉。

　　2Graduate students have access to national scholarships and grants, on-campus part-time job allowances, national student loans, and tuition and loan compensation programs.

　　1.國(guó)家獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。研究生國(guó)家獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金用于獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)特別優(yōu)秀的研究生。每年獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)4.5萬(wàn)名，其中碩士生3.5萬(wàn)名、每生每年2萬(wàn)元，博士生1萬(wàn)名、每生每年3萬(wàn)元。

　　2.1 National Scholarships

　　National scholarships are awarded to graduate students with a record of strong academic achievement. They are offered to 35,000 master's degree students - RMB 20,000 each per year, and 10,000 doctoral students - RMB 30,000 each per year.

　　2.學(xué)業(yè)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。為激勵(lì)研究生勤奮學(xué)習(xí)、潛心科研、勇于創(chuàng)新、積極進(jìn)取而設(shè)立的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。中央高校根據(jù)研究生收費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、學(xué)業(yè)成績(jī)、科研成果、社會(huì)服務(wù)以及家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況等因素，確定研究生學(xué)業(yè)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的覆蓋面、等級(jí)、獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和評(píng)定辦法(可分檔設(shè)定獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn))。研究生學(xué)業(yè)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不得超過(guò)同階段研究生國(guó)家獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的60%。地方高校研究生學(xué)業(yè)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金政策由各地參照中央政策制定執(zhí)行。

　　2.2 Academic Excellence Scholarships

　　Academic Excellence Scholarshipsare designed to boostgraduate students’ commitment to academic research, innovation and excellence. In universities directly administered by ministries, the coverage, size and implementation of the scholarships are determined by a wide range of criteria, including tuition fees, academic achievement, research performance, community services and financial background of the candidates. The amount of scholarships can reach up to 60% of national scholarships for graduates. The scholarships in local universities are implemented in accordance with policies of the central government.

　　3.國(guó)家助學(xué)金。用于資助全國(guó)普通高等學(xué)校納入全國(guó)研究生招生計(jì)劃的所有全日制研究生(有固定工資收入的除外)的基本生活支出。碩士研究生資助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不低于每生每年6000元，博士研究生資助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不低于每生每年10000元。

　　2.3 National Grants

　　National grants are offered to full-time graduate students (exepct those formally employed) to help them pay college living expenses. Each eligible graduate student will receive no less than RMB 6,000, and each eligible doctoral student no less than RMB 10,000 per year.

　　4.“三助”崗位津貼。高等學(xué)校利用教育撥款、科研經(jīng)費(fèi)、學(xué)費(fèi)收入、社會(huì)捐助等資金，設(shè)置研究生“三助”(助研、助教、助管)崗位，并提供“三助”津貼。原則上，助研津貼主要通過(guò)科研項(xiàng)目經(jīng)費(fèi)中的勞務(wù)費(fèi)及科研間接費(fèi)列支，助教津貼和助管津貼所需資金由高等學(xué)校承擔(dān)。研究生“三助”津貼標(biāo)準(zhǔn)由高校依據(jù)國(guó)家有關(guān)規(guī)定，結(jié)合當(dāng)?shù)匚飪r(jià)水平等因素合理確定。

　　2.4 On-Campus Part-Time Job Allowances

　　The allowance scheme is funded by educational appropriations, research revenue, tuition fees of the university, as well as public donations. It is available to students who work as research assistants, teaching assistants and administrative assistants on campus. In principle allowances for research assistants are offered as labor costs and indirect research spending, and those for teaching assistants and administrative assistants are borne by the university. The amount of allowances is determined by the university in accordance with national regulations and local price levels.

　　5.國(guó)家助學(xué)貸款。研究生申請(qǐng)國(guó)家助學(xué)貸款的條件、程序及其他有關(guān)規(guī)定，與高校本�？粕鷩�(guó)家助學(xué)貸款基本相同。原則上，研究生助學(xué)貸款以校園地國(guó)家助學(xué)貸款為主，每學(xué)年每生貸款金額不超過(guò)12000元。

　　2.5 National Student Loans

　　National student loans for graduate students are offered in the same manner as those for undergraduates and junior college students. In principle the loans are university-based, and each eligible student can borrow no more than RMB 12,000 per year.

　　6.基層就業(yè)學(xué)費(fèi)補(bǔ)償貸款代償。應(yīng)屆畢業(yè)研究生赴基層就業(yè)申請(qǐng)學(xué)費(fèi)補(bǔ)償貸款代償?shù)臈l件、程序及相關(guān)規(guī)定，與本�？飘厴I(yè)生基本相同。研究生補(bǔ)償代償金額每生每年不高于12000元。

　　2.6 Tuition and Loan Compensation for Community Workers

　　The compensation program is operated in the same manner as that for undergraduates and junior college students. Each eligible student will receive up to RMB 12,000 per year in compensated tuition and loan.

　　7.應(yīng)征入伍服義務(wù)兵役學(xué)費(fèi)補(bǔ)償貸款代償及學(xué)費(fèi)減免。研究生應(yīng)征入伍服義務(wù)兵役申請(qǐng)學(xué)費(fèi)補(bǔ)償貸款代償及學(xué)費(fèi)減免的條件、程序及相關(guān)規(guī)定，與本�？粕�基本相同。研究生補(bǔ)償代償或?qū)W費(fèi)減免金額每生每年不高于12000元。

　　2.7 Tuition and Loan Compensation& Tuition Reduction for Enlisted Soldiers

　　The programs is run in the same manner as that for undergraduates and junior college students. Each eligible student will receive up to RMB 12,000 per year in compensated loans or reduced tuition fees.

　　8.直招士官學(xué)費(fèi)補(bǔ)償貸款代償。對(duì)直接招收為士官的研究生，其申請(qǐng)學(xué)費(fèi)補(bǔ)償貸款代償?shù)臈l件、程序及相關(guān)規(guī)定，與本�？粕�基本相同。研究生補(bǔ)償代償金額每生每年不高于12000元。

　　2.8 Tuition and Loan Compensation for Junior Military Officers

　　The compensation scheme is operated in the same manner as that for undergraduates and junior college students. Each eligible student will receive up to RMB 12,000 per year in compensated tuition fees and loans.

　　9.退役士兵教育資助。對(duì)退役一年以上、考入普通高等學(xué)校并納入全國(guó)全日制研究生招生計(jì)劃的自主就業(yè)退役士兵，給予教育資助。資助內(nèi)容與本�？粕�基本相同。學(xué)費(fèi)資助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)每學(xué)年每生最高不超過(guò)12000元。

　　2.9 Education Grants for Retired Soldiers

　　The grantsare available to self-employed soldiers who have retired from active service for at least one year and been admitted as full-time college students under master’s degree programs. The grants are provided in the same manner as those for undergraduates and junior college students, and each eligible students will receive up to RMB 12,000 per year in tuition grants.

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