(1)1997年真題。
Directions:
Study the following set of pictures carefully and write an essay in no less than 120 words.
Your essay must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.
Your essay should cover all the information provided and meet the requirements below:
1. Interpret the following pictures.
2. Predict the tendency of tobacco consumption and give your reasons.
真題分析：
這是典型的圖表+提綱式的命題，題目中提供的材料十分豐富，包括柱狀圖、餅狀圖以及其他相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)。組圖充分反映了當(dāng)代煙草消費(fèi)的規(guī)模、危害和趨勢(shì)，是人們普遍關(guān)心的熱點(diǎn)話題之一。通過(guò)對(duì)組圖的分析，我們可以看出煙草在全世界有著十分龐大的消費(fèi)群體規(guī)模，每年因?yàn)闊煵菹M(fèi)消耗的資金數(shù)額大得驚人，同時(shí)也有數(shù)以百萬(wàn)計(jì)的人由于煙草消費(fèi)而被奪去了生命。當(dāng)然，我們從圖中也可以發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)令人欣喜的趨勢(shì)，那就是煙草的總產(chǎn)量在近幾年呈下降的態(tài)勢(shì)，一定程度上說(shuō)明了煙草消費(fèi)引起的健康問(wèn)題開始得到了人們的重視，并出現(xiàn)了相關(guān)的解決措施。
本題的難點(diǎn)在于圖表給的信息量太大，考生如何最恰當(dāng)?shù)卦谌闹惺褂脭?shù)據(jù)將決定文章的質(zhì)量。如果一味將所有數(shù)據(jù)都堆在第一段，會(huì)造成第一段過(guò)于冗長(zhǎng)，全文頭重腳輕。在下面的范文中，圖表數(shù)字得到了靈活的運(yùn)用，比較得體。比如文章在一開始先用煙民人數(shù)占全世界人數(shù)的比例來(lái)說(shuō)明了煙草消費(fèi)的巨大規(guī)模，然后又通過(guò)該行業(yè)消耗的人民財(cái)產(chǎn)和生命進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明產(chǎn)業(yè)之大、對(duì)人類危害之重。而至于第一幅圖中關(guān)于煙草產(chǎn)量的數(shù)字則被用到了第二段中來(lái)說(shuō)明未來(lái)的趨勢(shì)，非常得體、恰當(dāng)。
思路拓展：
近年來(lái)國(guó)人越來(lái)越關(guān)注健康問(wèn)題，隨著2008年北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)的即將到來(lái)，在中國(guó)更是掀起了全民健身的熱潮。因此健康問(wèn)題將是中國(guó)社會(huì)的一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題，考生應(yīng)該在這方面積累素材、有所準(zhǔn)備。相關(guān)話題可以引申到知識(shí)分子的身體健康問(wèn)題、全民健身熱潮、健康意識(shí)、鍛煉身體的習(xí)慣、健康與安全等等，這些都是平時(shí)經(jīng)常可以遇到的一些話題。
范文：
Tobacco is one of the commodities that are consumed in an immense amount worldwide. From the pictures, we can learn that the global smoking population amounts to 1.1 billion, approximately 20% of all the worlds’ residents. 200 billion dollars are spent annually in order to purchase tobacco and relevant products, which further stimulate the business’ flourishing development. Meanwhile, the harm caused by tobacco consumption is experiencing a similar upward trend—statistics indicates that 3,000,000 people die of smoking and related diseases every year.
Nevertheless, given the pessimistic statistics at the present, we can still predict optimistically that tobacco consumption will decline based on several new tendencies that are emerging. In the first place, there is an extensive public awareness of the negative impact of smoking, and as a result, more people resist the tempetation of cigarettes. In the second place, governments are setting more regulations to limit tobacco production. The effectiveness of such a policy was testified by the prompt drop of the tobacco production from 14.364 billion in 1994 pounds to 14.2 billion pounds in 1995 as seen in the picture.
In short, I firmly believe that, with the efforts of the whole society, we can launch more movements to realize a cleaner world with less smoking.
譯文：
煙草是一種在全世界有著巨大消費(fèi)量的商品。從圖中我們可以看出，全世界的煙民已經(jīng)到達(dá)了11億，約占全世界總?cè)丝诘?0%。人們每年花在購(gòu)買煙草以及相關(guān)產(chǎn)品的費(fèi)用就達(dá)20億美元，進(jìn)一步促進(jìn)了煙草業(yè)的繁榮。同時(shí)，煙草消費(fèi)帶來(lái)的危害也日益增長(zhǎng)——統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)顯示每年有300萬(wàn)人死于由抽煙引起的相關(guān)疾病。
盡管目前的數(shù)據(jù)非常悲觀，但是從一些新的趨勢(shì)中，我們可以樂(lè)觀地預(yù)測(cè)煙草消費(fèi)將會(huì)有所下降。首先，公眾普遍意識(shí)到了抽煙的負(fù)面效應(yīng)，因此，越來(lái)越多的人拒絕煙癮。其次，各國(guó)政府正在制定各項(xiàng)措施限制煙草的生產(chǎn)。圖中顯示煙草生產(chǎn)從1994年的143.64億磅下降到了1995年的14.2億磅，這就證明了政府措施的有效性。
總而言之，我堅(jiān)信在全社會(huì)的努力下，我們可以發(fā)起更多的運(yùn)動(dòng)，來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)更干凈的無(wú)煙世界。
閃光詞匯及詞組：
in an immense amount: 以極大的數(shù)量
amount to: 達(dá)到，總計(jì)
approximately: adv. 大約，近似
annually: adv. 年度地，每年一次
purchase: v./ n. 采購(gòu)，購(gòu)買
flourishing: adj. 繁榮的，欣欣向榮的
decline: 下降、衰落
emerge: v. 出現(xiàn)，浮出
temptation: n. 誘惑
testify: v. 測(cè)試
launch: v. 發(fā)行，發(fā)起，投入
萬(wàn)能句型：
From the pictures, we can learn that…
Nevertheless, given the pessimistic statistics at the present, we can still predict optimistically that
In the first place … In the second place …
In short, I firmly believe that
(2) Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should:
1) describe the drawing briefly,
2) explain its intended meaning, and then
3) state your point of view.
You should write on ANSWER SHEET
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