2005年11月北京成人本科學(xué)位英語試題A卷（答案精析）

注意事項  
一、將答題卡(紙)上的姓名及學(xué)生代號用中文和阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字填好。  
二、仔細閱讀題目的說明。  
三、在120分鐘內(nèi)答完全部試題。  
四、答案一定寫在答題卡上，凡是寫在試題冊上的答案一律作廢。

Passage 2
Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:
Trees are useful to man in three very important ways: they provide him with wood and other products; they give him shade; and they help to prevent droughts (干旱) and floods.

Unfortunately, man has not realized that the third of these services is the most important. Two thousand years ago a rich and powerful country cut down its trees to build warships, with which to gain itself an empire(帝國). It gained the empire, but, without its trees, its soil became hard and poor. When the empire fell to pieces, the home country found itself faced by flood and starvation.

(77)(Even though a government realizes the importance of a plentiful supply of trees, it is difficult for it to persuade villagers to see this. )The villagers want wood to cook their food with; and they can earn money by selling wood. They are usually too lazy to plant and look after the trees. (78)(So, unless the govemment has a good system of control, or can educate the people, the forests will slowly disappear.)

This does not only mean that the villagers' children and grandchildren will have fewer trees. The results are even more serious, for where there are trees their roots break the soil up  allowing the rain to sink in - and also bind the soil, thus preventing its being washed away easily but where there are no trees, the rain falls on hard ground and flows away from the surface, causing flood.
6. What is the most important function of trees?
A. Providing fuel.               B. Offering shade.
C. Preventing natural disaster.     D. Providing wood.
7. What eventually happened to the empire in the paragraph?
A. Its people died of hunger.
B. It fell to pieces.
C. It became a giant empire.
D. It built many ships with wood.
8. It is implied in the passage that the villagers__________
A. want a plentiful supply of trees.
B. want firewood badly.
C. just want to get money.
D. don't realize the importance of trees.
9. The role of trees is to__________
A. loosen soil                 B. keep soil in position
C. harden soil                D. both A and B
10. What is the passage mainly concerned with?
A. The benefits of trees.
B. Trees and soil protection
C. The various uses of trees.
D. Different attitudes toward trees.

Passage 3
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:
Adam Smith was the first person to see the importance of the division of the labor. He gave us an example of the process by which pins were made in England.
"One man draws out the wire, another strengthens it, a third cuts it, a fourth points it, and a fifth gives it a head. Just to make the head requires two or three different operations. The work of making pins is divided into about eighteen different operations, which in some factories are all performed by different people, though in others the same man will sometimes perform two or three of them.

Ten men, Smith said, in this way, turned out twelve pounds of pins a day or about 4800 pins a worker. (79)( But if all of them had worked separately and independently without division of labor, they certainly could not have made twenty pins in a day and not even one.)

There can be no doubt that division of labor is an efficient way of organizing work. Fewer people can make more pins. Adam Smith saw this, (80) (but he also took it for granted that division of labor is itself responsible for economic growth and development and it accounts for the difference between expanding economies and those that stand still. )But division of labor adds nothing new, it only enables people to produce more of what they already have. 北京太嘉外語培訓(xùn)中心
11. According to the passage, Adam Smith was the first person to__________
A. take advantage of the physical labor
B. introduce the division of labor into England
C. understand the effects of the division of labor
D. explain the bad causes of the division of labor
12. Adam Smith saw that the division of labor__________
A. enabled each worker to design pins more quickly
B. increased the possible output per worker
C. increased the number of people employed in factories
D. improved the quality of pins produced
13. Adam Smith mentioned the number 4800 in order to__________
A. show the advantages of the old labor system
B. stress how powerful the individual worker was
C. show the advantages of the division of labor
D. stress the importance of increased production
14. According to the writer, Adam Smith's mistake was in believing
that the division of labor__________
A. was an efficient way of organizing work
B. was an important development in methods of production
C. finally led to economic development
D. increased the production of existing goods
15. According to the writer, which one of the following is NOT tree?
A. Division of labor can enable fewer people to make more pins.
B. Division of labor helps people to produce more of what they already have.
C. Division of labor is by no means responsible for economic growth.
D. Division of labor is an efficient way of organizing work.

Part II  Vocabulary and Structure(30%)
Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
16. He spent__________collecting materials for his article.
A. a half year              B. half year
C. half a year             D. half of a year
17. To succeed in a scientific experiment,__________
A. one needs being patient person
B. patience is to need
C. one needs to be patient
D. patience is what needed
18. English is used by more people than is__________language except Chinese.
A. any                  B. any Other
C. other                  D. all other
19. The dish__________terrible! I don't like it at all.
A. tastes                 B. tasted
C. will taste              D. is tasted
20. She____be ill because I saw her playing tennis just now.
A. can't                  B. couldn't
C. mustn't                D. may not
21. Sorry, officer. I__________at 80 miles but I didn't see any sign in the
area telling people how fast they can drive.
A. should not drive         B. shouldn't have driven
C. mustn't drive           D. can't drive
22. Why not__________Professor Li for help? He is kind-hearted and willing to help.
A. ask                   B. you ask
C. to ask                  D your asking
23. It is not easy__________the answer to the difficult math problem.
A. to figure out            B. figuring out
C. figure out               D. being figured out
24. The tsunami (海嘯)__________over 160, 000 people were killed was
a terrible disaster for human beings.
A. of that                 B. among which
C. during that             D. in which
25. Take the medicine now. I believe it will__________your pain.
A. release                 B. relive
C. reject                  D. relieve
26. How can you____her offer? I'm afraid she will feel hurt.
A. turn out                B. turn up
C. turn down               D. turn away
27. She apologized for__________to attend the meeting.
A. her being not able        B. her to be not able
C. her not to be able        D. her not being able to
28. This new coat cost me__________the last one I bought two years ago.
A. three times             B. three times as much as
C. three times as much      D. three times much as
29. Each term our professors would__________a list of books for us to read.
A. hand in                B. give away
C. pass out                D. write out
30. I__________my wallet when I was shopping in the store.
A. must have dropped       B. should have dropped
C. could drop              D. ought to have dropped
31. I believe you have__________your purse in the living-room.
A. left alone               B. left behind
C. left off                D. left out太嘉外語培訓(xùn)中心
32. The results of the survey are interesting and they__________more
questions than they can answer.
A. bring about            B. prohibit
C. project                 D. benefit from
33. He abandoned a career that __________ to his becoming one of the
most influential people in the world.
A. could have led           B. would lead
C. should have led          D. must lead
34. The doctor's advice was that the patient __________ at once.
A. to be operated           B. being operated
C. be operated             D. operated
35. __________by the look on her face, she didn't catch what I meant.
A. Judging                B. Judged
C. Judge                  D. To judge
36. By no means __________ our mistakes.
A. we ought ignore         B. we ought to ignore
C. ought we ignore         D. ought we to ignore
37. The teacher has his students __________ a composition every other week.
A. to write                 B. written
C. writing                  D. write
38. Give the books to __________ needs them for the English class and the writing class.
A. whomever              B. whom
C. who                   D. whoever
39. A solid is different from a liquid __________the solid has its definite shape.
A. in that                B. in which
C. in what               D. because of which
40. It is because he is kind and modest__________he wins the respect of others.
A. what                  B. which
C. why                  D. that
41. Your mother told me that you overslept this morning, __________, ?
A. didn't she             B. didn't you
C. did she                D. did you
42. __________, he felt tired out after the long journey for eight hours.
A. Strong as he is          B. The stronger he is
C. Strong man that he is     D. For he is strong
43. They have agreed that they will __________to the policy and will not change it.
A. commit               B. stick
C. combine               D. fall
44. The company has to __________the benefits against the costs in the
last three months.
A. boast                 B. blame
C. block                 D. balance
45. We've __________paper and ink. Ask Mrs. Edward to lend us some.
A. run away with           B. run out of
C. run off                 D. run down 

Part Ⅲ  ldentification (10%)
Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C, and D. Identify the one that is not correct. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
注：以下括號內(nèi)單詞是問題選項。
46. How [could] you make [such] a little child [to help] you [carry] the big box?
A            B               C         D
47. [As soon] as [we've finished] supper, [we'll all]go [to] downtown to see the Sound of Munic.
A           B                 C      D
48. I really [appreciate] [you recommended] me to [tha] company [in time.]
A          B               C             D
49. He [will not do] it [had he known] how [serious] the outcome [would be]. 太嘉外語培訓(xùn)中心
A            B            C                  D
50. Her name [sounds] familiar [with] me but I [can't] tell [who] she is at the moment.
A           B            C       D
51. Rice [has been] a [basically] food for [millions of] people for [hundreds] of years.
A       B                C                  D
52. [The director] and [manager] of the department [are] very strict [with] the employees.
A            B                    C          D
53.[Research shows] that employees [whose] obtain [satisfaction] from their jobs are more
A                      B             C
[productive.]
    D
54. [Looking] from another [angle,] the painting [would] show [something] different.
A                 B                C            D
55. "[Never]  I [have heard] such [a thing] in my life!" [said] the old man.
A         B            C               D

Part IV Ctoze (10%)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage, and for each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D at the end of the passage. You should choose the ONE answer that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on tire: Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
In every cultivated language there are two great classes of words, which makes up the whole vocabulary. First, there are those words  56  which we become familiar in daily conversation, which we  57  , that is to say, from the 58  of our own family and from our friends, and  59  we should know and use  60  we could not read or write. They  61  the common things of life with all the people who  62  the language. Such words may be called "popular", since they belong to the people  63  and are not excluded  64  a limited class.
     On the other hand, our language  65  a large number of words which are comparatively  66  used in ordinary conversation. Their meanings are known to every educated person, but there is little  67 to use them at home or in the market-place. Our  68  acquaintance (熟悉) with them comes not from our mother's  69  or from the talk of our schoolmates,  70  from books that we read, lectures that we 71  , or the more  72  conversation of highly educated speakers who are discussing some particular  73  in a style properly higher above the habitual  74  of everyday life. Such words are called "learned", and the  75  between them and the "popular" words is of great importance to a right understanding of language study process.
56. A. at       B. with       C. by          D. through
57. A. study    B. imitate    C. stimulate   D. learn
58, A. mates    B. relatives  C. members     D. fellows
59. A. which    B. that       C. those       D. ones
60. A. even     B. despite    C. even if     D. in spite of
61. A. mind     B. concern    C. care        D. relate
62. A. hire     B. apply      C. adopt       D. use
63. A. in public   B. at most C. at large    D. at best
64. A. in       B. from       C. with        D. on
65. A. consists   B. consists of   C. makes  D. composes
66. A. seldom   B. much       C. greatly     D. often
67. A. possibility   B. way   C. reason      D. necessity
68. A. primary  B. first      C. principal   D. prior
69. A. tips     B. mouth      C. ears        D. tongue
70. A. besides  B. and        C. yet         D. but
71. A. hear of  B. attend     C. hear from   D. listen
72. A. former   B. formula    C. formal      D. forward
73. A. theme    B. topic      C. idea        D. point
74. A. border   B. link       C. degree      D. extent
75. A. relation B. distinction   C. connection  D. similarity

Part V Translation (20%)
Section A
Directions: In this part there are five sentences which you should translate into Chinese. These sentences are all taken from the 3 passage you have just read in the part of Reading Comprehension. You can refer back to the passages so as to identify their meanings in the context.

76. They contain the quickest and the most efficient means of communicating within their respective culture.

77. Even though a government realizes the importance of a plentiful supply of trees, it is difficult for it to persuade the villagers to see  this.

78. So, unless the government has a good system of control, or can educate the people, the forests will slowly disappear.

79. But if all of them had worked separately and independently without division of labor, they certainly could not have made twenty pins in a day and not even one.

80. But he also took it for granted that division of labor is itself responsible for economic growth and development and it accounts for the difference between expanding economies and those that stand still.

Section B
Directions: In this part there are five sentences in Chinese. You should translate them into English. Be sure to write clearly.

81．正是那棵樹在洪水中救了他們的命。

82．我們無法想象在那個遙遠的星球上存在什么東西。

83．他今早上學(xué)又遲到了。昨晚他肯定是睡得太晚了。

84．父母沒有預(yù)料到孩子的問題這樣難回答。

85．然而，在那個國家還有成千上萬的年輕人卻很難找到工作。

2005年11月試題答案及詳解
 
I閱讀理解
Passage 1
這篇文章探討的是語言和文化之間的密切關(guān)系，語言是文化的載體和不可分割的一部分；接著作者又談到要想學(xué)好一門語言，學(xué)習(xí)者應(yīng)該首先了解一些非語言因素，即該語言所反映的文化，它包括手勢、肢體語言等；最后，作者分析了目光接觸在學(xué)習(xí)英語中的重要作用。

Question 1：下列選項哪個是這篇文章的最好題目：D語言與文化。
【答案】D
【題解】該題為主旨考查題，本文主要探討的就是語言與文化的關(guān)系，我們在第一句就可以得出這個結(jié)論，選項A、B和C只是選用了文章中的個別詞語或例子來干擾考生，只要我們能領(lǐng)略全文意思，就能做出正確選擇。

Question 2：根據(jù)文章的意思，學(xué)習(xí)一門外語的最好方式是：C從學(xué)習(xí)該語言的肢體語言開始。
【答案】C
【題解】該題為細節(jié)考查題，在這句話，“In learning a foreign language, the best beginning would be starting with the non-language elements of the language: its gestures, its body language,” 我們就可以確定答案。

Question 3：根據(jù)文章的意思，手勢語屬于：B一種非語言因素。
【答案】B
【題解】該題為細節(jié)考查題，在這句話，“In learning a foreign language, the best beginning would be starting with the non-language elements of the language: its gestures, its body language,” 我們就可以看出語言的非語言因素包括手勢語、肢體語言等。因此可以確定答案為B。

Question 4：一個人說的語言越多，他的生活越豐富，其含義是：B如果一個人知道多種語言，他的生活將會更豐富有趣。
【答案】B
【題解】該題為細節(jié)考查題，考生要想深刻的理解這句話的意思，需要結(jié)合上下文，尤其是這句話前面的句子，“To learn a foreign language is to learn another culture.”；另外考生應(yīng)該熟練運用“as …as”結(jié)構(gòu)去理解文章中作者引用這句話的意思。所以我們要 “read between lines” (讀懂文字的隱含意思)。

Question 5：下列哪個選項的意思與其它三個選項不同：C高效率的。
【答案】C
【題解】該題為詞匯考查題，首先從詞性上判斷，只有C是形容詞，其它均為名詞；另外，其他三個選項均為語言的不同形式，signs為符號語言，gestures為手勢語，body language為肢體語言，屬同一類名詞。

Passage 2
 首先，本文概括了樹木對人類的三個好處：提供木材和其它產(chǎn)品，提供陰涼，幫助人類防止洪災(zāi)和旱災(zāi)。然后，作者舉例強調(diào)了樹木在幫助人類防止洪災(zāi)和旱災(zāi)法方面的重要性。最后作者又探討了樹木在防止水土流失方面的重要作用。

Question 6：下列選項中哪個是樹木最重要的功能：C防止自然災(zāi)害。
【答案】C
【題解】該題為細節(jié)考查題，從第二段第一句，“Unfortunately, man has not realized that the third of these services is the most important.”我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)防止災(zāi)害方面的功能是最重要的，所以選C。

Question 7：文章中提到的那個帝國最終遭遇到了什么：B土崩瓦解。
【答案】B
【題解】該題為細節(jié)考查題, 答對這個問題的關(guān)鍵在于正確理解“eventually”在文中的意思，最終遭遇到了什么？“When the empire fell to pieces, the home country found itself faced by flood and starvation.”（當(dāng)這個帝國土崩瓦解時，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的國家面臨著水災(zāi)和饑餓）根據(jù)文章這句話的意思，可以排除A(民眾死于饑餓)，我們再根據(jù)選項的順序可以確定正確答案為B。

Question 8：文章中暗示到那些村民們：D沒有意識到樹木的重要性。
【答案】D
【題解】該題為細節(jié)考查加推斷題,“Even though a government realizes the importance of a plentiful supply of trees, it is difficult for it to persuade villagers to see this.”（盡管政府意識到了樹木的重要性，但它很難說服民眾意識到這一點）所以，我們可以概括出當(dāng)時村民們還沒有意識到樹木的重要性，正確選項為D。

Question 9：樹木的作用是：D疏松土壤和保持水土。
【答案】D
【題解】該題為細節(jié)考查題,“for where there are trees their roots break the soil up, allowing the rain to sink in - and also bind the soil, thus preventing its being washed away”從這句話里我們可以樹木對土壤的作用，因此選D。

Question 9：這篇文章主要談?wù)摰膬?nèi)容是：A樹木對人類的好處。
【答案】A
【題解】該題為推斷題, 本文主要介紹了樹木對人類的益處，尤其強調(diào)了第三點，即防止自然災(zāi)害。只有選項A中的benefits (益處) 這一詞最能體現(xiàn)文章的主旨，B只是文章中的一部分，C指樹木的用途，文章不包含D的內(nèi)容。

Passage 3
這篇文章介紹了分工勞動的誕生，分工勞動對經(jīng)濟增長的貢獻和著名經(jīng)濟學(xué)家亞當(dāng)斯密對分工勞動的觀點。

Question 11：根據(jù)文章的意思，亞當(dāng)斯密是第一位：C理解分工勞動效果的人。
【答案】C
【題解】該題為細節(jié)考查題，由文章第一句話“Adam Smith was the first person to see the importance of the division of the labor.”可以看出亞當(dāng)斯密是第一個理解分工勞動重要性的人，所以正確答案應(yīng)為C。

Question 12：亞當(dāng)斯密意識到：B 分工勞動能增加每個工人的可能生產(chǎn)量。
【答案】B
【題解】該題為細節(jié)考查題，由第四段第一句話“There can be no doubt that division of labor is an efficient way of organizing work. Fewer people can make more pins.”可知，分工勞動能夠提高勞動效率，增加每個工人的產(chǎn)量。故答案應(yīng)選B。

Question 13：亞當(dāng)斯密提到4800這個數(shù)字的目的是：C表明分工勞動的優(yōu)勢。
【答案】C
【題解】該題為細節(jié)考查題，由第三段可以看出作者用數(shù)字來對比分工勞動前和分工勞動后效率的差別，從而說明了分工勞動的好處。故答案應(yīng)選C。

Question 14：根據(jù)作者的意思，亞當(dāng)斯密對于分工勞動的錯誤在于他相信：C分
工勞動最終導(dǎo)致經(jīng)濟增長。
【答案】C
【題解】該題為細節(jié)和推斷考查題，由最后一段可以看出，作者認為分工勞動只是改變了勞動組織方式，提高了生產(chǎn)效率，并沒有增加新的物質(zhì)資料，因此并不能導(dǎo)致經(jīng)濟發(fā)展�！癰ut he also took it for granted that division of labor is itself responsible for economic growth and development and it accounts for the difference between expanding economies and those that stand still.”而亞當(dāng)斯密想當(dāng)然的認為分工勞動是造成經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的原因，并且使不同國家的經(jīng)濟情況產(chǎn)生差別。所以正確答案是C。