2014年湖南中考大綱：英語(yǔ)

　　一、 考試指導(dǎo)思想

　　初中畢業(yè)英語(yǔ)學(xué)業(yè)考試是義務(wù)教育階段英語(yǔ)學(xué)科的終結(jié)性考試。考試要體現(xiàn)基礎(chǔ)教育課程改革的基本理念，落實(shí)英語(yǔ)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)確立的“促進(jìn)學(xué)生綜合語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力的發(fā)展”的考試指導(dǎo)思想�？荚囈�有利于全面貫徹國(guó)家教育方針，推進(jìn)素質(zhì)教育;有利于體現(xiàn)義務(wù)教育的性質(zhì)，全面提高教育教學(xué)質(zhì)量;有利于英語(yǔ)課程改革，提高英語(yǔ)教學(xué)質(zhì)量, 培養(yǎng)學(xué)生勇于探究的創(chuàng)新精神和解決問(wèn)題的實(shí)踐能力，減輕學(xué)生過(guò)重的課業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)，促進(jìn)學(xué)生生動(dòng)、活潑、主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)。

　　本考試標(biāo)準(zhǔn)依據(jù)《義務(wù)教育英語(yǔ)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(2011年版)》(以下簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn))制訂。考試要體現(xiàn)語(yǔ)言工具性和人文性的雙重屬性，落實(shí)語(yǔ)言技能、語(yǔ)言知識(shí)、情感態(tài)度、學(xué)習(xí)策略和文化意識(shí)等五個(gè)方面課程目標(biāo)，要依據(jù)英語(yǔ)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和現(xiàn)行教材來(lái)確定考查內(nèi)容與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，著重考查學(xué)生聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀、寫(xiě)等四種英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言技能的綜合實(shí)踐能力以及靈活運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言知識(shí)的能力。在試卷設(shè)計(jì)上要遵循教育測(cè)量的基本原理，體現(xiàn)課程的評(píng)價(jià)原則，堅(jiān)持以交際語(yǔ)言測(cè)試為主，分離測(cè)試、綜合測(cè)試等多種測(cè)試并存，力求在語(yǔ)篇層次上，在盡可能真實(shí)的情境中，以互動(dòng)的形式測(cè)試學(xué)生的綜合語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力;不僅要關(guān)注試卷信度，更要注重試卷的效度;在力求試卷結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)約的同時(shí)，確�？疾閮�(nèi)容的覆蓋面，杜絕繁、偏、舊試題，科學(xué)控制題量和難度。要堅(jiān)持“以能力立意為主、知識(shí)立意為輔”的原則，根據(jù)語(yǔ)言實(shí)際使用情形命題，適當(dāng)增大主觀性、開(kāi)放性試題的比重，盡可能避免命制以詞或句為語(yǔ)言單位的試題，不應(yīng)在脫離語(yǔ)境的情況下孤立地考查知識(shí)點(diǎn)， 更不應(yīng)考查對(duì)知識(shí)的機(jī)械記憶。在選擇語(yǔ)言素材時(shí)，要充分考慮學(xué)生的實(shí)際生活和身心發(fā)展水平、地域以及文化差異，選用真實(shí)、地道、形式多樣的語(yǔ)言素材。要根據(jù)試題的考查目的和重點(diǎn)，制定科學(xué)、可行的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，使各層次英語(yǔ)水平的學(xué)生成績(jī)都能得到全面、公正、客觀、準(zhǔn)確的評(píng)價(jià)，充分發(fā)揮測(cè)試的鑒定和激勵(lì)功能，充分發(fā)揮測(cè)試對(duì)教學(xué)的正面反撥作用。

　　二、 考試內(nèi)容與要求

　　英語(yǔ)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定的義務(wù)教育階段英語(yǔ)課程的總體目標(biāo)是“促進(jìn)學(xué)生綜合語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力的形成與發(fā)展” 。 這一能力是建立在語(yǔ)言知識(shí)、語(yǔ)言技能、情感態(tài)度、學(xué)習(xí)策略和文化意識(shí)等五個(gè)方面的基礎(chǔ)之上的。初中畢業(yè)英語(yǔ)學(xué)業(yè)考試應(yīng)將語(yǔ)言知識(shí)與技能的評(píng)價(jià)有機(jī)結(jié)合起來(lái)，著重考查學(xué)生在具體語(yǔ)境中運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)的能力，滲透對(duì)情感態(tài)度、學(xué)習(xí)策略和文化意識(shí)的考查。因此，試卷內(nèi)容要符合學(xué)生生理和心理特點(diǎn)，要關(guān)注學(xué)生的情感，試題設(shè)計(jì)要有利于引導(dǎo)學(xué)生養(yǎng)成良好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣，形成有效的學(xué)習(xí)策略。

　　根據(jù)英語(yǔ)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)所規(guī)定的五級(jí)目標(biāo)的要求，結(jié)合我省初中英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的實(shí)際，制定本考試內(nèi)容。

　　(一)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)

　　要求考生能夠掌握語(yǔ)音、詞匯、語(yǔ)法以及用于表達(dá)常見(jiàn)話題和功能的語(yǔ)言形式等。學(xué)會(huì)使用1500~1600個(gè)單詞和200~300個(gè)習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)或固定搭配。

　　語(yǔ)法考查內(nèi)容如下：

　　1.名詞

　　(1)可數(shù)名詞及其單復(fù)數(shù)

　　(2)不可數(shù)名詞

　　(3)專(zhuān)有名詞

　　(4)名詞所有格

　　2.代詞

　　(1)人稱(chēng)代詞

　　(2)物主代詞

　　(3)反身代詞

　　(4)指示代詞

　　(5)不定代詞

　　(6)疑問(wèn)代詞

　　3.數(shù)詞

　　(1)基數(shù)詞

　　(2)序數(shù)詞

　　4.介詞和介詞短語(yǔ)

　　5.連詞

　　6.形容詞(包括比較級(jí)和最高級(jí))

　　7.副詞(包括比較級(jí)和最高級(jí))

　　8.冠詞

　　9.動(dòng)詞

　　(1)動(dòng)詞的基本形式

　　(2)系動(dòng)詞

　　(3)及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞

　　(4)助動(dòng)詞

　　(5)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

　　(6)時(shí)態(tài)

　�、� 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

　�、� 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

　�、� 一般過(guò)去時(shí)

　�、� 一般將來(lái)時(shí)

　�、� 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)

　　⑥ 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

　　(7)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

　�、� 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

　�、� 一般過(guò)去時(shí)

　�、� 一般將來(lái)時(shí)

　　(8)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、目的狀語(yǔ))

　　(9)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)

　　10. 構(gòu)詞法

　　(1)前綴、后綴

　　(2)轉(zhuǎn)化

　　(3)合成

　　11. 句子種類(lèi)

　　(1)陳述句(肯定式和否定式)

　　(2)疑問(wèn)句(一般疑問(wèn)句、特殊疑問(wèn)句、選擇疑問(wèn)句)

　　(3)祈使句

　　(4)感嘆句

　　12. 簡(jiǎn)單句的基本句型

　　(1)主語(yǔ) + 系動(dòng)詞 + 表語(yǔ)

　　(2)主語(yǔ) + 不及物動(dòng)詞

　　(3)主語(yǔ) + 及物動(dòng)詞 + 賓語(yǔ)

　　(4)主語(yǔ) + 及物動(dòng)詞 + 間接賓語(yǔ) + 直接賓語(yǔ)

　　(5)主語(yǔ) + 及物動(dòng)詞 + 賓語(yǔ) + 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

　　(6)there be 句型

　　13.并列復(fù)合句

　　14.主從復(fù)合句

　　(1)賓語(yǔ)從句

　　(2)狀語(yǔ)從句

　　(3)定語(yǔ)從句(能辨認(rèn)出由that, which, who引導(dǎo)的限定性定語(yǔ)從句,并能理解句子意思。)

　　語(yǔ)音、詞匯等其它語(yǔ)言知識(shí)考查具體內(nèi)容詳見(jiàn)英語(yǔ)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)附錄相關(guān)部分。

　　(二)語(yǔ)言技能

　　1.聽(tīng)力技能

　　要求考生在聽(tīng)到有關(guān)日常生活的熟悉話題時(shí)能夠：

　　(1)理解主旨要義;

　　(2)獲取事實(shí)性的具體信息;

　　(3)推測(cè)說(shuō)話人的身份、意圖和觀點(diǎn);

　　(4)針對(duì)所聽(tīng)內(nèi)容記錄主要信息。

　　2.閱讀技能

　　要求考生在閱讀各種體裁和題材的簡(jiǎn)短書(shū)面材料時(shí)能夠：

　　(1)理解主旨要義;

　　(2)理解材料中的具體信息;

　　(3)根據(jù)上下文和構(gòu)詞法猜測(cè)生詞或短語(yǔ)的含義;

　　(4)推斷作者的身份、意圖和觀點(diǎn);

　　(5)預(yù)測(cè)故事情節(jié)的發(fā)展和可能的結(jié)局;

　　(6)根據(jù)要求從文章中摘錄相關(guān)信息;

　　(7)根據(jù)閱讀材料回答問(wèn)題。

　　3.寫(xiě)作技能

　　要求考生使用所學(xué)語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，以語(yǔ)篇為單位，清楚、連貫地進(jìn)行控制性和開(kāi)放性寫(xiě)作�？忌鷳�(yīng)能：

　　(1)根據(jù)英漢表達(dá)習(xí)慣，翻譯文中部分內(nèi)容;

　　(2)根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和實(shí)際情況完成對(duì)話;

　　(3)根據(jù)圖示、表格等寫(xiě)出簡(jiǎn)單的文字說(shuō)明;

　　(4)根據(jù)提示或?qū)嶋H情況，描述事件或表達(dá)自己的真情實(shí)感;

　　(5)根據(jù)提示或?qū)嶋H情況，寫(xiě)簡(jiǎn)單的書(shū)信、電子郵件、告示、海報(bào)等應(yīng)用文。

　　4.口語(yǔ)技能

　　要求考生使用所學(xué)的語(yǔ)音、語(yǔ)法和詞匯等基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，以口頭的形式清楚、流利地表達(dá)自己的意思�？忌鷳�(yīng)能：

　　(1)正確朗讀淺易的書(shū)面材料;

　　(2)簡(jiǎn)單表達(dá)圖片內(nèi)容;

　　(3)就熟悉的話題簡(jiǎn)單地表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度;

　　(4)與人溝通、合作，進(jìn)行有效的信息交流。

　　三、 試卷結(jié)構(gòu)

　　初中畢業(yè)英語(yǔ)學(xué)業(yè)考試包括聽(tīng)力、筆頭和口語(yǔ)測(cè)試，分卷測(cè)試。聽(tīng)力測(cè)試和筆頭測(cè)試同卷，采用書(shū)面作答的形式閉卷進(jìn)行，口語(yǔ)測(cè)試另卷以面試形式單獨(dú)進(jìn)行。整卷結(jié)構(gòu)如下：

　　卷數(shù) 大題數(shù) 小題數(shù) 客、主觀題權(quán)重 知識(shí)、能力題權(quán)重 整卷

　　難度值

　　客觀 主觀 知識(shí) 能力

　　控制 開(kāi)放

　　1-2 4-5 70±5 ≤0.50 ≤0.40 ≥0.10 ≤0.20 ≥ 0.80 0.70

　　(一)題型結(jié)構(gòu)

　　1. 客觀題型：聽(tīng)力選擇、語(yǔ)法選擇、詞語(yǔ)選擇、閱讀選擇等答案唯一的題型，其整卷權(quán)重值不高于0.50。

　　2. 主觀題型：筆錄要點(diǎn)、摘錄要點(diǎn)、回答問(wèn)題、翻譯語(yǔ)篇、補(bǔ)全對(duì)話、情境作文、朗讀短文、看圖說(shuō)話、情境對(duì)話等答案不唯一的題型，其整卷權(quán)重值不低于0.50。其中控制性主觀題 (即答案內(nèi)容確定、表達(dá)形式不唯一的試題) 整卷權(quán)重值不高于0.40，開(kāi)放性主觀題 (即答案內(nèi)容不確定、表達(dá)形式也不唯一的試題) 整卷權(quán)重值不低于0.10。

　　(二)難度結(jié)構(gòu)

　　試卷難度值為0.70。其中容易題、稍難題、較難題的比例分別為：70%、15%、15%。

　　(三)內(nèi)容結(jié)構(gòu)

　　下面兩種內(nèi)容結(jié)構(gòu)，各市、州可根據(jù)實(shí)際情況選擇使用。

　　內(nèi)容結(jié)構(gòu)一 適應(yīng)以下兩種情形：

　　1. 暫不單獨(dú)進(jìn)行口試;

　　2. 雖然單獨(dú)進(jìn)行口試，但口試成績(jī)不納入初中畢業(yè)英語(yǔ)學(xué)業(yè)考試成績(jī)。

　　考查內(nèi)容 客、主觀題權(quán)重 知識(shí)、能力題權(quán)重

　　部分(權(quán)重/難度值) 典型題型 客觀 主觀 知識(shí) 能力

　　第一部分

　　聽(tīng)力技能(0.20/0.70) 聽(tīng)力選擇 0.15 0 0 0.15

　　筆錄要點(diǎn) 0.05 0.05

　　第二部分

　　知識(shí)運(yùn)用(0.20/0.75) 語(yǔ)法選擇 0.10 0 0.10 0

　　詞語(yǔ)選擇 0.10 0 0.10 0

　　第三部分

　　閱讀技能(0.35/0.75) 閱讀選擇 0.15 0 0 0.15

　　摘錄要點(diǎn) 0.10 0 0.10

　　回答問(wèn)題 0.10 0.10

　　第四部分

　　寫(xiě)作技能(0.25/0.60) 翻譯語(yǔ)篇 0 0.05 0 0.05

　　補(bǔ)全對(duì)話 0 0.10 0 0.10

　　情境作文 0 0.10 0 0.10

　　合計(jì) 4(1.00/0.70) 10 0.50 0.50 0.20 0.80

　　內(nèi)容結(jié)構(gòu)二 適應(yīng)單獨(dú)進(jìn)行口試，且口試成績(jī)納入初中畢業(yè)英語(yǔ)學(xué)業(yè)考試成績(jī)的市、

　　州。

　　卷次 考查內(nèi)容 客、主觀題權(quán)重 知識(shí)、能力題權(quán)重

　　部分 (權(quán)重/難度值) 典型題型 客觀 主觀 知識(shí) 能力

　　第一卷

　　筆試 第一部分 聽(tīng)力技能

　　(0.15/0.70) 聽(tīng)力選擇 0.10 0 0 0.10

　　筆錄要點(diǎn) 0 0.05 0 0.05

　　第二部分 知識(shí)運(yùn)用

　　(0.20/0.75) 語(yǔ)法選擇 0.10 0 0.10 0

　　詞語(yǔ)選擇 0.10 0 0.10 0

　　第三部分 閱讀技能

　　(0.35/0.75) 閱讀選擇 0.20 0 0 0.20

　　摘錄要點(diǎn) 0.05 0 0.05

　　回答問(wèn)題 0.10 0.10

　　第四部分 寫(xiě)作技能

　　(0.20/0.55) 翻譯語(yǔ)篇 0 0.10 0 0.10

　　情境作文 0 0.10 0 0.10

　　第二卷

　　口試 第五部分 口語(yǔ)技能

　　(0.10/0.75) 朗讀短文

　　看圖說(shuō)話

　　/主題談話

　　情境對(duì)話 0 0.10 0 0.10

　　合計(jì) 2 5 (1.00/0.70) 12 0.50 0.50 0.20 0.80

　　四、 題型示例

　　第一部分 聽(tīng)力技能

　　本部分側(cè)重考查學(xué)生從錄音材料中獲取信息、理解信息和處理信息的能力。命題時(shí)要盡量選用情境較真實(shí)的口語(yǔ)材料，應(yīng)避免采用單純辨音題等脫離語(yǔ)境的題型。答題形式相同的試題，不論選項(xiàng)是以圖片還是文字形式呈現(xiàn)，應(yīng)列于同一題型內(nèi)考查，以確�？疾槟康拿鞔_、試卷結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)約。聽(tīng)力材料以中速朗讀兩遍。

　　例題一

　　聽(tīng)力選擇 根據(jù)你聽(tīng)到的對(duì)話，選擇正確的答案回答問(wèn)題。

　　聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話，每聽(tīng)完一段對(duì)話后，做1個(gè)小題。

　　1. How is the weather now?

　　A. B. C.

　　2. What animal does the boy want to keep?

　　A. B. C.

　　3. Where are they talking?

　　A. In the hospital. B. In the shop. C. In the classroom.

　　4. What time is it now?

　　A. 8:30. B. 9:00. C. 9:30.

　　5. Why can’t Jack go to the movie?

　　A. Because he has a lot of housework to do.

　　B. Because he has to visit a woman.

　　C. Because he has to wait for his best friend.

　　聽(tīng)第六段對(duì)話，做第6-7小題。

　　6. Where did Tina leave her schoolbag?

　　A. At home. B. In the school. C. On the bus.

　　7. How did Tina most probably feel that morning?

　　A. Bad. B. Good. C. Lucky.

　　聽(tīng)第七段對(duì)話，做第8-10小題。

　　8. Why does Tom want to borrow a book about culture?

　　A. Because he will have a culture test.

　　B. Because he borrows it for his classmate.

　　C. Because he will give a talk about culture.

　　9. How many books can Tom borrow at a time?

　　A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.

　　10. When will Tom return the books?

　　A. Next Monday. B. Next Sunday. C. Next Saturday.

　　錄音原文

　　根據(jù)你聽(tīng)到的對(duì)話，選擇正確的答案回答問(wèn)題。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小

　　題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。

　　聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話，每聽(tīng)完一段對(duì)話后，做1個(gè)小題。

　　1. M: Look, it’s raining again. I don’t like rainy days.

　　W: Well, I don’t like rainy days, either.

　　2. W: What’s your favorite animal?

　　M: I like dogs best and I want to keep one in the future.

　　3. M: Good morning, Madam. What can I do for you?

　　W: I want to buy a pair of shoes for my son.

　　4. W: Don’t hurry. The class meeting will begin at 9:00.

　　M: Oh, it’s early. We still have thirty minutes.

　　5. W: Would you like to go to the movie with me, Jack?

　　M: I’d love to, but my best friend is coming soon. I have to wait for her.

　　聽(tīng)第六段對(duì)話，做第6-7小題。

　　W: What a bad morning I had!

　　M: What was the matter, Tina?

　　W: Er, I got up too late. Besides, I left my schoolbag on the bus.

　　M: What a pity!

　　W: What was worse, I was late for Miss Li’s class.

　　M: That was really too bad.

　　聽(tīng)第七段對(duì)話，做第8-10小題。

　　M: Excuse me, Miss Black! Are there any books about culture?

　　W: Yes, here are some.

　　M: Thanks.

　　W: Are you interested in culture, Tom?

　　M: Yes. I was asked to give a talk about culture.

　　W: Oh, I see.

　　M: How many books can I borrow at a time?

　　W: Three.

　　M: OK! Can I have a look at the books about geography?

　　W: Sure. They’re on the shelf over there.

　　M: Mm….I’d like this one about the Chinese geography. And I’ll return them next Saturday.

　　W: Oh, our library doesn’t open at weekends. You may keep them for a week.

　　M: OK. Thank you.

　　參考答案

　　1—5 BABAC 6—10 CACBA

　　例題二

　　筆錄要點(diǎn) 根據(jù)你所聽(tīng)到的內(nèi)容，填寫(xiě)下面的表格，每空不超過(guò)3個(gè)單詞。

　　Travel in Shanghai

　　Days in Shanghai 1 days

　　Where to live 2

　　What to do D1：Watch the opening ceremony

　　D2：Visit Zhouzhuang Water Town

　　D3： 3

　　Rules Don’t 4 alone at night

　　Keep 5 clean

　　錄音原文

　　根據(jù)你所聽(tīng)到的內(nèi)容，填寫(xiě)下面的表格，每空不超過(guò)3個(gè)單詞。

　　Good morning and welcome to Shanghai! I am Xiao Ming. I am the tour guide of your group. I hope we can stay happily in Shanghai for three days. If you have problems or get lost, please call me. My mobile phone number is in this card. We’ll live in Hunan Hotel. Today we’ll have the most interesting part of our visit. We’ll watch the opening ceremony of the Shanghai World Expo. Tomorrow we’ll go to visit Zhouzhuang Water Town. And the day after tomorrow we’ll go to visit Nanjing Road. You can go shopping there. We have two rules. Please don’t go out alone at night. And please keep the bus clean. Have a good time here. Thank you!

　　參考答案

　　1. Three 2. Hunan Hotel 3. Visit Nanjing Road

　　4. go out 5. the bus

　　第二部分 知識(shí)運(yùn)用

　　本部分著重考查學(xué)生在一定的語(yǔ)境中靈活運(yùn)用語(yǔ)法、詞匯等語(yǔ)言知識(shí)的能力，不應(yīng)孤立

　　地考查知識(shí)點(diǎn)或?qū)χ�識(shí)的機(jī)械記憶。語(yǔ)法選擇題要注意加大考點(diǎn)的覆蓋面，力求題干語(yǔ)境真實(shí)、語(yǔ)義完整、表達(dá)地道。詞語(yǔ)選擇題應(yīng)避免單純根據(jù)語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)疑，要在重點(diǎn)考查閱讀理解能力的同時(shí)，測(cè)試考生通過(guò)上下文靈活運(yùn)用動(dòng)詞、名詞和形容詞等詞匯知識(shí)的能力，選材以記敘文或夾敘夾議的文章為宜。要注意選項(xiàng)的同質(zhì)性，力求類(lèi)別相同、先后有序、長(zhǎng)短一致、難度相當(dāng)，以提高試題的信度和效度。

　　例題一

　　語(yǔ)法選擇 從A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇正確的答案填空。

　　1. Do some exercise every day. I hope you will be ______ good health.

　　A. in B. on C. to

　　2. I think Chinese is ______ than any other subject.

　　A. easy B. easier C. easiest

　　3. —______ do you think of the film?

　　— Very interesting.

　　A. Who B. What C. How

　　4. _______ is polite to take a gift when you visit somebody for the first time.

　　A. He B. That C. It

　　5. I bought a new shirt for John, ______ he didn’t like it.

　　A. because B. and C. but

　　6. — Must we finish our homework now?

　　— No, you ______.

　　A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t

　　7. — Do you know ______ inventor?

　　— Yes. He’s ______ friend of mine.

　　A. a;a B. the;a C. an;the

　　8. Mary ______ to school 10 minutes ago.

　　A. went B. has gone C. goes

　　9. I wonder ______.

　　A. where she lives B. where does she live C. where is she living

　　10. —How much is the new car?

　　—About eighty _______ yuan.

　　A. thousands B. thousands of C. thousand

　　參考答案

　　1—5 ABBCC 6—10 ABAAC

　　例題二

　　詞語(yǔ)選擇 通讀下面的短文, 掌握其大意, 然后從各題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出

　　一個(gè)最佳答案。

　　Jody was ten years old when he decided he needed a job. He thought it might be 1 to keep worms (蟲(chóng)). He could sell them to farmers. So in 2 , he bought many worms. But that winter the cold weather killed all the worms because he had not put them in a 3 place.

　　The next spring Jody 4 again. He bought more worms. When winter came, he took them inside so they would stay warm. Many farmers bought his worms.

　　One day when Jody was twelve, he got 5 . It was from State of New York. The letter said, “Everyone who sells things has to pay taxes (稅)!” Jody 6 only one dollar selling worms. But he still 7 to pay part of that money to the state. He told many people in his town what had 8 . A reporter 9 Jody on TV. Many people saw it and they began to write letters to the state. The letters said that the law was unfair. Finally the law was 10 . Children like Jody can now sell things without paying taxes to the state.

　　1. A. boring B. lucky C. interesting

　　2. A. autumn B. spring C. winter

　　3. A. warm B. clean C. nice

　　4. A. tried B. waited C. failed

　　5. A. a present B. a letter C. an e-mail

　　6. A. paid B. made C. did

　　7. A. hoped B. wanted C. had

　　8. A. happened B. appeared C. followed

　　9. A. saw B. found C. reported

　　10. A. copied B. changed C. passed

　　參考答案

　　1—5 CBAAB 6—10 BCACB

　　第三部分 閱讀技能

　　本部分著重考查學(xué)生從各種書(shū)面材料中獲取信息、理解信息和分析、處理信息的能力。所選材料要力求體裁多樣、題材豐富、時(shí)代感強(qiáng)，體現(xiàn)地域及文化差異;內(nèi)容要符合學(xué)生的生活實(shí)際和身心發(fā)展水平，具有教育功能。由于承載信息媒介的日益多樣化，命題時(shí)要適當(dāng)選用一些實(shí)用性強(qiáng)的語(yǔ)言材料，如廣告、告示、說(shuō)明書(shū)、指令、圖表等。

　　例題一

　　閱讀選擇 閱讀下面的短文，從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)回答

　　問(wèn)題或完成句子。

　　A

　　Li Chuang is a 15-year-old boy, but he has been a smoker for three years. His teeth and fingers have turned a bit yellow.

　　"I first tried smoking after watching TV. It makes me feel excited and I think it looks cool," he said.

　　Not all students smoke as much as Li but there are lots of child smokers.

　　A report says 32% of boys and 13% of girls in middle schools in China have smoked. Some are as young as 11 when they first try!

　　May 31st is World No Tobacco Day. Health experts (專(zhuān)家) are asking young people not to smoke.

　　Doctors say smoking can make people get illnesses, like lung cancer (肺癌) .

　　Not only that, smoking costs a lot of money too!

　　Stop smoking, children! It’s bad for your health!

　　1. Li Chuang began to smoke when he was_____.

　　A. 12 B. 13 C. 15

　　2. More _____ have smoked than ______ in middle schools in China.

　　A. girls…boys B. boys…girls C. students…teachers

　　3. “World No Tobacco Day” means “_____” in Chinese.

　　A. 世界無(wú)癌日 B. 世界節(jié)能日 C. 世界無(wú)煙日

　　4. Which of the following is TRUE?

　　A. Smoking is good for health.

　　B. Smoking doesn’t cost much money.

　　C. Some kids begin to smoke when they are 11 years old.

　　5. What does the writer probably ask the readers to do?

　　A. To give up smoking.

　　B. To go to hospital before you smoke.

　　C. To celebrate World No Tobacco Day every year.

　　B

　　閱讀下面的圖表，做6-8小題。

　　6. ______ can join the club.

　　A. All people

　　B. Young Children

　　C. Only old people

　　7. The club opens ______.

　　A. 20 hours a week

　　B. on weekdays

　　C. at weekends

　　8. The club costs 20 yuan _______ .

　　A. for a month

　　B. for a week

　　C. for a day

　　閱讀右邊的圖表，做9-10小題。

　　9. The picture asks students to _____.

　　A. protect water

　　B. skate often

　　C. drink water

　　10. Which of the following is NOT TRUE

　　according to the picture?

　　A. Carry a bottle with you for drinking water.

　　B. Drinking coffee is cool in school.

　　C. Drinking water can help you a lot.

　　參考答案：

　　1—5 ABCCA 6—10 BCBCB

　　例題二

　　摘錄要點(diǎn) 閱讀下面的材料，然后在表格中完成內(nèi)容摘要，每空不超過(guò)三個(gè)單詞。

　　Wulingyuan Scenic (風(fēng)景) Area is about 400 kilometres from Changsha and covers an area of about 400 square kilometers. It is a beautiful area with more than 3,000 unusual mountains, about 800 small rivers, and forests with over 1,000 kinds of plant in them. It is an important area because it has hundreds of animals in it, but many of them are endangered and difficult to see. If you want to see Wulingyuan, you can stay in a hotel in Changsha, but many visitors prefer to stay in a tent (帳篷) in the park itself.

　　Wulingyuan Scenic Area

　　Size about 1. ________________

　　2. ________ about 400 kilometres from Changsha

　　What to see more than 3,000 unusual mountains

　　about 3. ________________

　　forests with over 1,000 kinds of plant

　　4. ________________

　　Where to stay 5. ________________

　　tents in the park

　　參考答案

　　1. 400 square kilometers

　　2. Where (it is)

　　3. 800 small rivers

　　4. hundreds of animals

　　5. hotels in Changsha

　　例題三

　　回答問(wèn)題 閱讀下面的材料，然后根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容回答問(wèn)題。

　　“Who did this?” asked the teacher. Thirty children made no answer.

　　“Who did this?” she raised her voice and asked again. She never became angry, but she was angry this time.

　　It was Charley who broke the window. But he did it by accident. It was caused by a bad throw of a baseball.

　　“If I admitted (承認(rèn)) it, it would get me into trouble,” Charley thought. “How would I be able to pay for a big window like that?” But something much stronger in his mind pulled him up. “I did it.” Charley stood up and then became silent. It was hard enough saying that.

　　The teacher walked to Charley with a book in hand. The boy feared she was going to hit him with the book.

　　“I know you did it, and I know how you like birds,” she said. “Here’s a book about birds. It is yours now. You won’t be punished. But remember: it’s only for your honesty.”

　　Charley couldn’t believe it! He wasn’t punished, but instead, he got a book which needed much money!

　　1. How many students were there in Charley’s class?

　　2. How did Charley break the window?

　　3. What did Charley think the teacher would do with the book?

　　4. What was the book about?

　　5. What have you learned from the story?

　　參考答案

　　1. There were thirty students. / Thirty./ 30.

　　2. By a bad throw of a baseball.

　　3. He thought the teacher would hit him with it.

　　4. It was about birds. / Birds.

　　5. We should be honest.

　　第四部分 寫(xiě)作技能

　　本部分側(cè)重考查學(xué)生根據(jù)提示，以書(shū)面的形式進(jìn)行信息溝通、再現(xiàn)生活經(jīng)歷、描述周?chē)�的事物、發(fā)表意見(jiàn)和觀點(diǎn)的能力。補(bǔ)全對(duì)話題、情境作文題立意要盡量與語(yǔ)言實(shí)際使用情形一致，體現(xiàn)“用英語(yǔ)做事情”的理念，要提供明確的寫(xiě)作方向，不提倡無(wú)提示的自由寫(xiě)作。給出的提示可以是開(kāi)放性的，也可以是控制性與開(kāi)放性相結(jié)合的。但是，每一題型采用一種提示為宜，易于學(xué)生審題、作答，方便教師評(píng)卷、分析。當(dāng)前要著力加大開(kāi)放性提示試題的比重，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生表達(dá)真情實(shí)感。

　　例題一

　　翻譯語(yǔ)篇 閱讀下面的短文，然后將劃線部分的句子譯成漢語(yǔ)或英語(yǔ)。

　　Food is very important. Everyone needs to eat well if he or she wants to have a strong body. 1. Our minds also need a kind of food. This kind of food is knowledge. We begin to get knowledge even we are very young. 2. 孩子們對(duì)周?chē)�的一切都感興趣。They learn something when they are watching and listening. When they are getting older, they begin to read storybooks, science books and anything they like. 3. When they find something new, they love to ask questions and try to find out the answers.

　　4. 獲取知識(shí)的最佳方法是什么呢? If we learn by ourselves, we will get the most knowledge. If we are always getting answers from others and do not ask why, we will never learn well. 5. If we study in the right way, we will learn more and understand better.

　　參考答案

　　1. 我們的大腦也需要某種食糧。

　　2.Small children are interested in everything around them.

　　3. 有新發(fā)現(xiàn)時(shí)，他們喜歡提問(wèn)，并努力去尋求答案。

　　4.What is the best way to get knowledge?

　　5. 如果我們采用恰當(dāng)?shù)膶W(xué)習(xí)方法，就會(huì)學(xué)得更多，理解得更透徹。

　　例題二

　　補(bǔ)全對(duì)話 根據(jù)上下文和你的實(shí)際情況把下面的對(duì)話補(bǔ)充完整。

　　Reporter: Excuse me. I’m doing a survey for a magazine Hobbies. Can I ask you some questions?

　　You: 1. .

　　Reporter: Everyone has hobbies. So do you, don’t you?

　　You: Yes, I do.

　　Reporter: What are they?

　　You: 2.

　　Reporter: Uh-huh. Which is your favorite one?

　　You: 3.

　　Reporter: OK. When did you pick it up?

　　You: 4.

　　Reporter: Well, why do you like that so much?

　　You: 5.

　　Reporter: Thank you.

　　You: You’re welcome.

　　參考答案

　　One possible version:

　　1. Sure / Certainly …

　　2. Fishing, collecting stamps and playing computer games.

　　3. Collecting stamps, of course.

　　4. When I was six years old.

　　5. Because I can learn quite a lot from the stamps.

　　例題三

　　情境作文 以下是兩則美國(guó)學(xué)生的信息，請(qǐng)從中選擇—位作為你的筆友，并給他(她)寫(xiě)封英語(yǔ)短信。要求信中包括以下內(nèi)容:

　　1.簡(jiǎn)單介紹自己;

　　2.根據(jù)對(duì)方信息說(shuō)明你想與他(她)成為筆友的原因;

　　3.你的期待。

　　注意:

　　1.信中不得使用自己的真實(shí)姓名和地名;

　　2.80詞以上。

　　Name： Lisa

　　Age： 14

　　City： Los Angeles

　　Hobbies：music, dancing

　　and reading

　　Notes： Look for pen friends who

　　want to learn about

　　Disneyland. Name： Toby

　　Age： 15

　　City： Los Angeles

　　Hobbies：sports, (especially football)traveling

　　Notes： Look for pen friends who

　　want to learn about the computer.

　　參考答案

　　One possible version:

　　Dear Lisa,

　　My name is Li Fang. I’m 14 years old. I live in Changde, Hunan and I want a pen pal in America. I think America is a very interesting country because there are many places to have fun, like Disneyland. I can speak a little English. My favorite subject in school is music. But I don’t like math because it’s too difficult.

　　As I know, you like music, dancing and reading. So we share the same hobbies. I hope you can visit China sometime and make friends with me.

　　I’m looking forward to hearing from you soon.

　　Best wishes.

　　Yours,

　　Li Fang

　　第五部分 口語(yǔ)技能

　　本部分著重考查學(xué)生的英語(yǔ)口頭表達(dá)能力和交際策略的運(yùn)用，特別是在真實(shí)語(yǔ)境中溝通信息、描述事物與情感、發(fā)表意見(jiàn)和觀點(diǎn)的能力�？谡Z(yǔ)測(cè)試應(yīng)該以考查學(xué)生口頭表達(dá)的實(shí)際效果為主，兼顧流利性和準(zhǔn)確性。各地應(yīng)盡可能推行口語(yǔ)測(cè)試，確有困難的可暫緩實(shí)施，但要把對(duì)口語(yǔ)技能的考查有機(jī)地結(jié)合在聽(tīng)力、知識(shí)運(yùn)用、寫(xiě)作等能力的考查之中。

　　例題一

　　朗讀短文

　　Now Wu Peng from Class 1 was in front! Lin Tao didn’t run as fast as Wu Peng, but he was not far behind. Jiang Honglin was catching up, too, but not fast enough. “Come on, Wu Peng!” shouted the Class 1 students. “Oh! No!”

　　Wu dropped his stick! He stopped to get it and of course fell behind. Lin Tao ran past him. He was first past the finishing line. Class 3 were the winners!

　　“Hooray!” shouted Class 3. “Well done, everyone! Congratulations, Lin Tao!”

　　例題二

　　看圖說(shuō)話

　　參考答案

　　One day after school，Bill went to the playground to play basketball with his friends as usual. They had great fun running and jumping and shooting the basket.

　　When Bill arrived home, it was already 5:30.

　　He felt so tired and hungry. He was pleased to see that supper was ready. He was going to eat when his mother stopped him.

　　“Look at your dirty hands. Go and wash them before dinner,” said his mother.

　　After a while, Bill came back and showed his mother his clean hands.

　　Soon his mother came to Bill with a dirty towel in her hands. “Could you tell me what has happened?” asked his mother. Bill’s face went red.

　　或者主題談話

　　Tell us some traffic rules you know, please.

　　參考答案

　　With pleasure. Here are some traffic rules.

　　If you want to cross a street, you must wait for the green light. You mustn’t cross in front of the traffic. If the light is yellow, you should wait. It’s better to wait and be safe.

　　Don’t drive too fast. If you drive too fast, a car may hit you. If there is a lot of traffic, you must wait. If the traffic light is red, you must stop. If you are not careful, you may have an accident.

　　例題三

　　情境對(duì)話

　　提問(wèn)卡

　　You want to know something about his / her trip. Please ask him / her at least five questions about his / her trip according to the following card.

　　回答卡

　　He / She wants to know something about your trip. Please answer his / her questions about your trip. The following card can help you.

　　A Holiday Trip

　　WHEN

　　WHERE

　　WITH WHOM

　　HOW

　　WHAT

　　考試吧：2014年湖南中考大綱匯總

　　參考答案

　　A: When did you go traveling? B: On May Day.

　　A: Where did you go? B: We went to the Great Wall.

　　A: Who did you go there with? B: With my parents.

　　A: How did you go there? B: By plane.

　　A: What did you have for lunch that day?B: Bread and orange juice.

　　相關(guān)鏈接：

a

　　各省市2014年中考時(shí)間及中考體育時(shí)間匯總

　　考試吧：各省市2014年中考大綱 ※ 名師解讀

　　黃保余：《2014語(yǔ)文知識(shí)地圖》專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練營(yíng)課

　　2014中考英語(yǔ)作文沖刺高分四步驟法