2018年浙江杭州中考英語真題及答案已公布

2018中考真題答案 ※ 中考作文 ※ 成績查詢

　　2018 杭州中考英語試題卷

　　第I 卷

　　第一部分 聽力(略)

　　第Ⅱ卷

　　第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分 40 分)

　　第一節(jié)(共 15 小題.每小題 2 分,滿分 30 分)

　　閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C 和 D)中選出最佳選項。

　　A

　　When Canadian teenager Ryan was six years old, his teacher told him that in many parts of Africa, there was no clean water. She said that people often made themselves ill, and even died, just from drinking or bathing in dirty water.

　　What she said made Ryan upset. He decided to raise money for a well(井) so that people in Africa could have clean water. He did extra chores for his parents and raised $70 all by himself. Then he found out that it actually cost $2,000 to dig a well.

　　Most people would have given up at this point, but not Ryan. He was disappointed, but determined to raise more money. Finally he collected over $2,000. That money was used to dig the first of “Ryans wells”.

　　Since then, Ryan has continued to raise money for more wells. In fact, Ryan has raised over

　　$1,500 ,000!

　　Ryan calls himself “a normal boy” and likes to play ice hockey when hes not in school or traveling around the world talking to other students about himself and his work. As for the future. he has said that he isnt exactly sure what he will choose to do. “Something along the lines of a lawyer or a teacher. Maybe a leader!”

　　16. Ryans teacher told him about the water problem in Africa in order to .

　　A. encourage Ryan to dig wells for people in Africa

　　B. ask Ryan to raise money for poor people in Africa

　　C. make Ryan feel unhappy and disappointed

　　D. educate Ryan to care about African people in difficulty.

　　17. What does Ryan think of himself according to the passage?

　　A. He is different from other students in many ways.

　　B. He never gives up when he has decided to do something.

　　C. He is talented and can do many great things in the future,

　　D. Hes like other students with his own hobby and dreams.

　　18. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

　　A. Ryan and His Teacher B. Ryan and His Wells.

　　C. Ryan and His Money D. Ryan and His Future

　　B

　　Who wants to eat food that is thrown away as waste? Believe it or not, that’s exactly what world leaders did at a lunch held by the United Nations in 2015.

　　During the meal, the world leaders enjoyed dishes like salads and burgers made with

　　thrown-away vegetables and fruits. Chef Dan Barber, who helped create the meal, hoped that the experience would make the leaders pay more attention to the issue of food waste.

　　It is a huge problem. One out of nine people on Earth does not get enough food. Yet every year over one third of the food produced worldwide goes to waste!

　　Why is so much food wasted? Firstly, food is often thrown away before it reaches customers because too much of it is produced, or because it is not kept properly in farms. Secondly, shops and supermarkets usually throw away unsold food. Finally, customers often buy more food than they need, so a lot of uneaten food is wasted.

　　How can you waste less food? When eating out, you may ask for less food and take home what is left. Visit fast food restaurant less often, since they usually more wasteful. Encourage your favorite restaurants to give unsold food to food banks.

　　You can also waste less food at home. Use smaller rice bowls so that you serve less rice.

　　Encourage family members to use unfinished rice to make rice puddings. Tell family members to make a shopping list and buy only what is on the list when shopping for food.

　　Food waste is a growing problem and we, either farmers or food sellers or customers, must take this problem more seriously and do what we can to help.

　　19. What did world leaders do at a lunch held by the United Nations in 2015?

　　A. They threw away food as waste during the meal.

　　B. They made dishes with waste vegetables and fruits

　　C. They ate food made with waste vegetables and fruits.

　　D. They helped Chef Dan Barber create the special meal.

　　20. The underlined word “issue” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to .

　　A. result B. problem C. cause D. beginning

　　21. The writer organizes Paragraph 4 by asking a question and .

　　A. giving examples B. using numbers

　　C. listing reasons D. telling a story

　　22. Which way of wasting less food is mentioned in the passage?

　　A. Buying unsold food from supermarkets.

　　B. Keeping food properly in fridge.

　　C. Using smaller rice bowls when eating out.

　　D. Asking for less food in restaurants.

　　C

　　Bananas are the perfect snack. Not only are they sweet and delicious, but they are easy to carry around, so you can take them anywhere. Best of all, bananas provide different things that the human body needs!

　　Bananas grow best in warm places that get lots of rain. They grow on plants that look like trees. The banana plant, however, is considered a herb rather than a tree because it doesn’t have a strong , woody stem(莖，干). The plants can grow as high as 30 feet. When they reach their full height, flowers grow out from the stem. These flowers produce bananas.

　　Two or three times each year, the plants produce fruit. The bananas grow together, which seem like “hands”. A hand is made up of 10 to 20 bananas. Growers sometimes call bananas “fingers”. Each bunch(叢) of bananas has about 15 hands, and so a whole bunch may have as many as 200 bananas and can weigh more than 100 pounds.

　　After about three months, the bananas are ready to be picked. At this point, they still aren’t the sunny yellow color of bananas. Farmers pick them when they’re green. That’s how they’re shipped to stores. They turn yellow along the way and are ready to be sold.

　　If you love bananas, you’ve got a lot of company. Americans have been enjoying bananas since the first shipment arrived in the United States in 1876. Today, American eat more bananas than any other fruit. More bananas are sold than apples and grapes together. Every American eats over 26 pounds of bananas each year!

　　23. The first paragraph mainly talks about .

　　A. why people like bananas

　　B. how bananas taste

　　C. what bananas are rich in

　　D. where bananas are taken

　　24. What is the correct order in which these happen?

　　a. The bananas begin to turn yellow b. A banana plant grows to full height.

　　c. The flowers produce bananas. d. The bananas are ready to be picked.

　　A. c-b-a-d B. b-c-d-a C. b-c-a-d D. c-b-d-a

　　25. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

　　A. The banana plant is a kind of tree.

　　B. Bananas like growing in hot and dry areas.

　　C. One banana plant usually produces fruit once a year.

　　D. The banana plant usually produces fruit once a year.

　　26. Which is the second most popular fruit in America according to the bar chart?

　　A. Apples. B. Grapes. C. Bananas. D. Oranges

　　D

　　There is a popular Chinese saying that “Fair skin(皮膚) will make up for three flaws(缺陷)”. This mentions the fact that in Chinese culture, it is believed that people who have fair skin are more beautiful. In Western culture, however, the opposite is true — many Westerners think tanned skin is prettier. The example shows that different cultures have different ideas of what they think is beautiful. These cultural meanings of the beauty, however, are no longer important. As more and more people travel overseas, ideas about beauty are being shared among cultures. The Internet has also made it easier for people to share different types of beauty since people are always posting pictures on social media. The result is an ever-changing idea of what is considered beautiful.

　　The cultural practice of ear piercings, for example, has become a part of modern day culture.

　　In Kenya, it is a tradition among Masai men and women to pierce and then make their ear

　　lobes( 耳 垂 ) longer using ivory and wood or stones. They then wear colorful things on their ear lobes. This is a common practice since longer ear lobes are seen as a sigh of beauty. This tradition has now found its way into present-day culture. Nowadays, this might still seem unusual to some, but with more and more well-known actors and film stars showing off their longer ear lobes, it will finally become more fashionable.

　　It is understood that different cultures around the world have different ways of showing beauty. However, since we now live in a worldwide society, people’s views about beauty are always changing. With the help of the Internet, people are now able to easily borrow ideas from other cultures to help them stand out. So what new fashions can we expect to see in the future?

　　27. What has made it easier for people to share ideas about beauty?

　　A. The development of technology.

　　B. The popularity of the latest fashions.

　　C. The unchanged cultural traditions.

　　D. The world’s growing population.

　　28. What can be learned about the Masai people from the passage?

　　A. Longer ear lobes are their new fashion.

　　B. Only women make their ear lobes longer.

　　C. They think longer ear lobes look beautiful.

　　D. They make actors and film stars famous.

　　29. The underlined word “them” in the last paragraph refers to .

　　A. people B. ideas C. cultures D. fashions

　　30. What is the passage mainly about?

　　A. People in Asian countries like fair skin better.

　　B. Beauty is considered important in many cultures.

　　C. Different cultures have different ideas about beauty.

　　D. People’s ideas about beauty are changing all the time.

　　第二節(jié)(共 5 小題，每小題 2 分，滿分 10 分)

　　下面文章中有五處(第 31-35 題)需要添加小標(biāo)題。請從以下選項(A、B、C、D、E 和 F)中選出符合各段意思的小標(biāo)題。選項中有一項是多余選項。

　　Five ways to make a great first impression(印象)!

　　Researchers have discovered that, in general, it only takes seven seconds for a person to start making judgments about you when they first meet you. That’s why you should follow these useful tips on how to create a good first impression.

　　31.

　　Before meeting someone, start thinking about the purpose of the meeting. Are you trying to impress them? For example, if you want to make new friends at a social event, you will want to appear friendly. And if you decide to run for class president at your school, you will need to appear confident(自信).

　　32.

　　Smiling is the most important thing you can do when meeting someone new. It shows that you’re friendly and makes people around you feel more comfortable. To have a winning smile, make sure your teeth are clean by brushing them every day.

　　33.

　　Before you begin speaking, you will be judged on your body language. Therefore, it’s important to show trust in yourself by standing up tall and putting your shoulders back. Besides, if you uncross your arms, you will appear relaxed and friendly.

　　34.

　　How you smell can influence people’s first impression of you. If you have a bad body smell, it will put people off. In short, aim to smell clean and avoid putting on a lot of scented products.

　　35.

　　What you wear matters. While you should look clean and tidy, it’s also important to dress properly, whether you’re going to a birthday party or a sporting event. You should think about what your clothes say about you.

　　第三部分 英語知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分 25 分)

　　第一節(jié)：完形填空(共 15 小題，每小題 1 分，滿分 15 分)

　　通讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C 和 D)中選出一個最佳選項。

　　My friends and I joined a two-day survival(生存) training course in the mountains. The first day was really 36 -there was so much to do! Arriving at the campsite, we were divided into groups and given a tent, some food, a 37 and a compass( 指 南 針 ). Standing next to a small river, Fanny 38 camping in the grassy area nearby. However, our instructor, Mr.Lee, pointed out that it might flood( 淹 沒 ) if it rained. In the end, we found a 39 area. Putting up the tent was very hard. 40 Mr.Lee helped us a lot.

　　By the time we had put up the tent, 41 was really hungry. “We wouldn’t have got this hungry if we had brought some snacks.” Peter said. We all told him to 42 complaining( 抱怨 ) and help us start a fire to cook our food 43 . Realizing we were having trouble making the fire, he finally 44 .

　　The next day started early. Woken by a strange noise. Peter went to see what was 45 . “Some cows have eaten our breakfast!”he shouted. “That’s all because you didn’t 46 the food properly last night.”said Mr.Lee.

　　Worried that Mr.Lee was angry with us, we tried very hard on our next 47 - using the

　　map and compass to find a secret location. We made it to the location 48 the other group did. We all felt very proud of 49 .

　　The survival training course was a great 50 . Now I feel I could survive anywhere!

　　36.A.disappointing B.difficult C.different D.boring

　　37.A.map B.book C.light D.knife

　　38.A.suggested B.finished C.imagined D.enjoyed

　　39.A.nearer B.lower C.bigger D.higher

　　40.A.Surprisingly B.Suddenly C.Luckily D.Usually

　　41.A.everyone B.anyone C.someone D.no one

　　42.A.start B.mind C.stop D.continue

　　43.A.yet B.too C.again D.instead

　　44.A.helped out B.gave out C.worked out D.started out

　　45.A.developing B.happening C.beginning D.following

　　46.A. throw off B.put away C.eat up D.sell out

　　47.A.plan B.lesson C.task D.problem

　　48.A.till B.after C.when D.before

　　49.A.him B.them C.you D.ourselves

　　50.A.example B.experience C.activity D.competition

　　400-810-2656

　　第二節(jié)：(共 10 小題，每小題 1 分，滿分 10 分)

　　閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1 個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。將答案填寫在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置。

　　Next time you hold a book in your hands, stop and think. Like most other things in the modern world, it is the result of thousands of years of human invention.

　　First, came the invention of writing, 51 (probable) about 5500 year ago. With writing, people did not have to remember everything in their heads. They could communicate with people that they never 52 (see) and share their knowledge with future generations.

　　Later, the Greeks were well-done for their literature( 文 學(xué) ) and science, but their “books” looked very different 53 the books of today. They were called scrolls(卷軸).

　　They were different to use and took a lot of space in a library.About 2,000 years ago, books with lots of pages 54 (invent).

　　For more than a thousand years, the pages of books were made from animal skin. That changed in 55 thirteenth century, when Europeans learned about a very 56 (use) Chinese invention : paper.

　　But the biggest change for books in Europe came in 1439, when Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press. Before that, books in Europe were copied by hand, so they were very expensive. Many more people could afford the books 57 were produced on a printing press.

　　These days it is difficult 58 (imagine) a world without books. But human invention does not stop. Every year, more 59 (story) are bought as e-books and read on a screen.

　　Will anyone turn the pages of a traditional book in the future, 60 will books, like scrolls soon disappear?

　　第四部分 寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分 25 分)

　　第一節(jié)：單詞拼寫(共 10 小題，每小題 1 分，滿分 10 分)

　　根據(jù)下列句子及所給的首字母，在答題紙上按題號寫出各單詞的正確，完全形式(每空僅限 一詞)。

　　61. My friend came over last night to watch the v of football match that I’d recorded .

　　62. After a long day,Tom l down on the bad and went to sleep.

　　63. The train was very c with passengers, so we had to stand. 64.---Do you think more money should be given to education?

　　----C , I couldn’t agree more.

　　65. Sorry, I’ve f your phone number.Could you please tell me again?

　　66. Be p . It takes time. You can become better by reading something you enjoy every day.

　　67. A square has for sides and four c .

　　68. December is the t and last month of the year.

　　69. The Chinese women’s volleyball team won a gold m in the 2016 Rio Olympic Games.

　　70. You will r a warm welcome when you come to our village.

　　第二節(jié): 書面表達(dá)(共 1 小題.滿分 15 分)

　　假定你是李平(TEL:1361234567).家住濱海市人民路 1 號.你在美國旅行期間,不慎遺失錢包,

　　曾向賓館詢.以下是賓館的答復(fù)郵件,請你閱讀后進(jìn)行回復(fù),詞數(shù) 80 左右.

　　From: Mr.Smith, hotel manager

　　Hl Li Ping,

　　Thank you for your email about your lost wallet.

　　Please sen me some more information. When did you stay in our hotel and what room were you in? Please describe your wallet. What was in it? Send me your address and phone number.

　　All the best,

　　Mr.Smith

　　To:Mr. Smith

　　Subject:Lost wallet

　　Dear Mr. Smith,

　　Yours, Li Ping

　　第一部分 聽力理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分 30 分) 第一部分 聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分 30 分)

　　第一節(jié)(共 5 小題，每小題 2 分，滿分 10 分)

　　聽下面 5 段對話，每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的 A、B、C 三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有 10 秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

　　CCCAB

　　第二節(jié)(共 10 小題，每小題 2 分，滿分 20 分)

　　聽下面 3 段對話或獨白，每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的 A、B、C 三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話或獨白后，你都有時間閱讀各小 題，每小題 5 秒鐘。聽完后，各小題給出 5 秒的作答時間，每段對話僅讀一遍。

　　聽下面一段對話，回答第 6 至第 8 三個小題。

　　BAB

　　聽下面一段對話，回答第 9 至第 11 三個小題。

　　BAA

　　聽下面一段獨白，回答第 12 至第 15 題四個小題。

　　BBAC

　　第二部分 閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分 40 分) 第一節(jié)(共 15 題，每小題 2 分，滿分 30 分)

　　閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A, B, C 和 D)中選出最佳選項

　　A

　　【答案解析】16-18 DDB

　　解析：本文是記敘文題材，主要內(nèi)容是：男孩 Ryan 在學(xué)習(xí)到非洲人民處于非常缺少凈水的狀態(tài)時，為了幫助他們而籌錢造井。

　　16 題：D�？疾橥评砼袛囝}。難度較小，通過第一段，老師告訴同學(xué)們非洲沒有干凈的水源， 這是為了教育學(xué)生們要關(guān)注有困難的非洲人民。故選 D。

　　17 題：D�？疾榧�(xì)節(jié)理解題，難度較小，定位原文第 5 段，Ryan calls himself “a normal boy”

　　說明 Ryan 覺得自己是一個普通的男孩，有自己的愛好和理想。

　　18 題：B�？疾橹髦即笠忸}。難度適中，此題需要結(jié)合首末段和各段主旨句進(jìn)行理解，這篇文章主要講述 Ryan 為了幫助非洲人民而籌錢造井的事。

　　B

　　【答案解析】19-22 CBCD

　　解析：本文是議論文題材，主要內(nèi)容：談?wù)撌澄锢速M問題，并給出一些解決方案和號召全民重視該問題。

　　19 題：C�？疾榧�(xì)節(jié)理解題，難度較小。Who wants to eat food that is thrown away as waste? That’ exactly what world leaders did at a lunch held by the United Nation in 2015.結(jié)合第二段首句可知各國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人吃了被當(dāng)做垃圾扔掉的水果和蔬菜做成的食物。

　　20 題：B。考查詞義猜測題，難度適中。通過第二段可知，這個活動是為了讓領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者更多地 關(guān)注食物浪費問題。

　　21 題：C。考查段落結(jié)構(gòu)題，難度適中，通過文章：firstly, secondly,finally 可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，作者通過提問和舉例說明的方式來構(gòu)造這個段落。

　　22 題：D。考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題，難度較小。根據(jù)第五段第二句。

　　C

　　【答案解析】23-26 ABCA

　　解析：本文是一篇說明文。主要從香蕉的優(yōu)點，生長，生產(chǎn)、出售等方面進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的介紹。

　　23. A�？疾橹髦即笠忸}，難度適中。此類題目并不能夠在原文中找到相同句子或者答案， 需要通讀段落，根據(jù)段落的大意總結(jié)概括。此題問的是第一段的主要內(nèi)容，通過第一段的關(guān)鍵詞“perfect”、“provide”，關(guān)鍵句“not only...but also”可知，第一段主要講的是為什么人們喜歡香蕉，故選 A。

　　24. B。考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題，難度適中。需要通讀全文，找出 a-d 在文中相應(yīng)的細(xì)節(jié)信息，并進(jìn)行排序。首先 b 出現(xiàn)在第二段倒數(shù)第二句，再是 c 出現(xiàn)在第二段倒數(shù)第一句，d 出現(xiàn)在第四段第一句，最后 a 出現(xiàn)在第四段最后一句，故為 B 正確選項。

　　25. C�？疾榧�(xì)節(jié)理解題，難度稍大。需要整合文章的細(xì)節(jié)信息，由于四個選項的出處有可能不在同一處，需要針對每個選項找到原文的對應(yīng)語句，進(jìn)行判斷，常用排除法。A 選項從第二段第三句：the banana plan，however，is considered a herb 可排除。B 選項對應(yīng)第二段的第一句：bananas grow best in warm places that get lots of rain 可排除。D 選項與第三段第一句two or three times each year 不符，故排除。C 選項與第三段最后一句 can weigh more than 100

　　pounds 相符合，故為正確選項

　　26. A。考查細(xì)節(jié)題，表格細(xì)節(jié)，難度較小。此類題目需要結(jié)合表格，尋找題干關(guān)鍵詞，與表格信息對應(yīng)。題干關(guān)鍵詞“the second most popular”對應(yīng)表格第二高的樹狀圖，定位 apples， 故選 A。

　　D

　　【答案解析】27-30 ACAD

　　本文是一篇說明文。主要說明歷史以來，不同文化對美的解讀，以及對美的觀點的變化。

　　27. A 。細(xì)節(jié)理解題，難度中等。此類題需要在文章中找到相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)，需要將原文的表達(dá)和選項中表達(dá)進(jìn)行匹配或者同義匹配。這個題目我們可以根據(jù)文章最后倒數(shù)第二句“with the help of the Internet, people are now easily borrow ideas from other cultures to help them stand

　　out”可知，科技的發(fā)展使得人們對美的看法更容易傳播。選項 A 正好與文中意思契合，所以選擇 A。

　　28. C 。推理判斷題，難度中等。此類題需要結(jié)合原文內(nèi)容進(jìn)行推斷和概括，需要將原文的表達(dá)和選項中表達(dá)進(jìn)行同義匹配。這個題目定位文章第二段第二句，結(jié)合整段段意和文章主 旨可知，Masai 人民會穿耳洞，用象牙、木頭和石頭讓耳垂變大的目的是為了美。選項 C 正好與文中意思契合，所以選擇 C。

　　29. A。詞義推理題，難度中等。此類題需要找到單詞在文中的位置，聯(lián)系上下文進(jìn)行詞義猜測。這個“them”我們定位文章倒數(shù)第二句。本句主語“people”，整句意思:在網(wǎng)絡(luò)的幫 助下，人們?nèi)菀捉柚�其他文化來幫助她們自己在人群中凸顯。所以，這里的 them 指的是

　　people。選項 A 正好與文中意思契合，所以選擇 A。

　　30. D�？疾橹髦即笠忸}，難度較大。此類題目需要對整篇文章的大意進(jìn)行了解后才能解題， 做題技巧上主要關(guān)注文章的開頭和結(jié)尾。這篇文章第一段最后一句和最后一段第二句，都是文章中心句，都表明了人們對美的理解是一直在變的。選項 D 正好與文中意思契合，所以選擇 D。

　　第二節(jié)(共 5 小題，每小題 2 分，滿分 10 分)

　　下面文章中有五處(第 31-35 題)需要添加首句。請從以下選項(A,B,C,D,E,F)中選出符合各段意思的首句，選項中有一項是多余選項。

　　【答案解析】 FDEAB

　　今年任務(wù)型閱讀考試的形式是以添加每段小標(biāo)題的形式考查，也就是讓學(xué)生學(xué)會總結(jié)中心和 概括每段的中心，此類題型在任務(wù)型閱讀里面出現(xiàn)頻率較高，其實主要也是考察考生對于每 段大意的把握。這篇文章是說明文題材，從標(biāo)題中也可以看出，文章主要圍繞建立良好的第 一印象的 5 種方式進(jìn)行說明。通過對題目的解析發(fā)現(xiàn)今年任務(wù)型閱讀比較簡單，注意做題的方法即可。

　　31. 答案 F�？疾煸摱沃髦即笠猓�該段關(guān)鍵“purpose of the meeting”，“appear friendly”， “appear confident”主要是說你想要展現(xiàn)的形象，故答案選 F。

　　32. 答案 D�？疾煸摱沃髦即笠�，該段關(guān)鍵“smiling”主要是說微笑的重要性，故答案選

　　D。

　　33. 答案 E。考察該段主旨大意，該段關(guān)鍵“body language”，主要是說肢體語言的重要性，故答案選 E。

　　34. 答案 A�？疾煸摱沃髦即笠猓�該段關(guān)鍵“smell”主要是說氣味的重要性，故答案選 A。

　　35. 答案 B�？疾煸摱沃髦即笠猓�該段關(guān)鍵“dress”主要是說穿著的重要性，故答案選 B。第三部分 英語知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分 25 分)

　　第二節(jié)：完形填空(共 15 小題，每小題 1 分，滿分 15 分)

　　通讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C 和 D)中選出一個最佳選項。

　　【答案解析】

　　Keys: 36-40 BAADC 41-45 ACDAB 46-50 BCDDB

　　文章解讀：本文講述了我和我的朋友們參加生存訓(xùn)練課的經(jīng)歷。

　　36. B 考查形容詞。通過后文對第一天的描述，例如需要搭建帳篷、生火等。作者評論“Putting up the tent was very hard.”以及“we were trouble making the fire…”，所以第一天是充滿困難的。

　　37. A 考查名詞。 根據(jù)文章在山上參加生存訓(xùn)練課，除了需要帳篷、食物、指南針之外， 還需要地圖。并且第四段也有提到 map

　　38. A 考查動詞。 根據(jù)上文，我們需要搭建帳篷，于是 Fanny 建議露營在草地旁。suggest 建議;finish 完成;imagine 想象;enjoy 享受;所以選 A

　　39. D 考查形容詞。 根據(jù)后文 Mr.Lee 指出，如果下雨，我們建在草地邊的帳篷會被淹掉。水往低處走，所以我們應(yīng)建在更高的地方。

　　40. C 考查副詞。 根據(jù)空格前，搭帳篷很困難，空格后又稱 Mr.Lee 幫助了我們，所以我們表示很幸運。surprisingly，令人驚訝地;suddenly，突然地;luckily，幸運地是;usually，不 同尋常地。

　　41. A 考查代詞。根據(jù)后文 Peter 說“如果我們帶了零食，就不會在這挨餓了。”以及后面生火做飯，說明每個人都很餓。

　　42. C 考查動詞。 根據(jù)后文讓他來幫助我們一起生火，所以是停止抱怨。start，開始;mind， 介意;stop，停止;continue，繼續(xù);所以選 C

　　43. D 考查副詞。我們告訴 Peter 不要抱怨，而是來幫我們一起生火。yet，然而;too，也;

　　again，再一次;instead，作為替代，而是;

　　44. A 考查動詞。根據(jù)上文可判斷，意識到我們生火有麻煩時，他最終來幫忙了。help out， 協(xié)助;give out，發(fā)表 用完;work out，解決 制定;start out，開始 著手;

　　45. B 考查動詞。 根據(jù)前文，我們被奇怪的聲音吵醒，所以 Peter 跑出去看發(fā)生了什么。

　　develop，發(fā)展;happen，發(fā)生;begin，開始;follow，跟隨;

　　46. B 考查動詞。 根據(jù)上文食物被奶牛吃了，Mr.Lee 對 Peter 說是因為昨晚沒有把食物正確儲存起來。throw off，擺脫;put away，存儲;eat up，吃完;sell out，賣完;

　　47. C 考查名詞。 空格后破折號表示解釋說明，句意“需要用地圖和指南針找到一個秘密地�！� 所以這是一項任務(wù)。plan，計劃;lesson，課程;task，任務(wù);problem，問題;

　　48. D 考查連詞。根據(jù)后文我們感到自豪，再結(jié)合此句“我們成功找到了秘密地，在其他組找到之前。” till，直到……才;after，在……之后;when，當(dāng)……時;before，在……之前

　　49. D 考查代詞。 空格所在的句子主語是 we。be proud of oneself，為某人感到自豪。所以選 D

　　50. B 考查名詞。本文通篇在描述自己和朋友生存訓(xùn)練發(fā)生的具體事件，是自己的親身經(jīng)歷。

　　example，例子;experience，經(jīng)歷;activity，活動;competition，競賽。

　　第三節(jié)：(共 10 小題，每小題 1 分，滿分 10 分)

　　閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1 個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。將答案填寫在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置。

　　【答案解析】

　　51-55 probably, saw, from/to/than, were invented, useful , that/which, to imagine, stories, or

　　51. probably 考查副詞�！按蟾� 5500 年以前”是句子的時間狀語，故填 probably。句意： 首先來說一下寫作的由來，大概在 5500 年以前。

　　52. saw 考查時態(tài)。此處的 saw 是定語從句中的謂語動詞，考慮時態(tài)，根據(jù)主句中的 could 判斷從句用一般過去時，故填 saw。句意：他們能夠與他們從來沒有見過的人們交流，和子孫后代們分享他們的知識。

　　53. from/to/than 考查介詞。be different from/to/than 表示“與……不同”。句意：后來，希臘人因他們的文學(xué)和科學(xué)而著名，但是他們的“書籍”看起來和現(xiàn)在的書籍非常不同。

　　54. were invented 考查被動語態(tài)。書和發(fā)明之間是被動關(guān)系，books 是復(fù)數(shù)，故填 were

　　invented。句意：大約 2000 年以前，有很多書頁的書被發(fā)明了。

　　55. the 考查冠詞。in the xxth century 表示“在第幾世紀(jì)”，序數(shù)詞前用定冠詞 the。句意： 書頁由獸皮制作的那種現(xiàn)象在 13 世紀(jì)發(fā)生改變。

　　56. useful 考查形容詞。invention 是名詞，發(fā)明，形容詞修飾名詞，故填 useful。句意：當(dāng)歐洲人了解到中國一個非常有用的發(fā)明：紙的時候。

　　57. that/which 考查定語從句。定語從句的先行詞是物：the books，故關(guān)系詞用 that 或 which。句意：更多的人能夠負(fù)擔(dān)得起通過印刷機(jī)生產(chǎn)的書。

　　58. to imagine 考查不定式。It is difficult to do sth. 做某事是困難的。It 是形式主語，句子的真正主語是 to imagine a world without books。句意：現(xiàn)在很難想象一個沒有書的世界。

　　59. stories 考查名詞。story 是可數(shù)名詞，more 是 many 的比較級，故 story 變成復(fù)數(shù)形式

　　stories。句意：每年都有更多的故事作為電子書被購買并在屏幕上被閱讀。

　　60. or 考查連詞。此處連接兩個句子，考查連詞的用法。前后兩句話表示的是兩種假設(shè)， 所以填的是表示選擇的連詞“或者”。句意：將來有人會翻開傳統(tǒng)書籍的書頁嗎?或者書， 比如卷軸，很快就會消失嗎?

　　第四部分 寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分 25 分)

　　第二節(jié)：單詞拼寫(共 10 小題，每小題 1 分，滿分 10 分)

　　根據(jù)下列句子及所給的首字母，在答題紙上按題號寫出各單詞的正確， 完全形式(每空僅限一詞)。

　　【答案解析】

　　61-65：video/ videos(八上U10); lay(九U2); crowded(八上U4); Certainly(八上U10); forgotten;

　　(七下 U5)

　　66-70：patien(t

　　(九 U8)

　　九 U1); corners(九 U3); twelfth(七上 U8); meda(l

　　考綱有，書上無); receive

　　61. video/videos 考查名詞。(出自八年級上冊 Unit 10)根據(jù)定冠詞 the 判斷空格內(nèi)填入名詞。句意：昨晚我的朋友過來看我錄制的足球比賽的錄像。錄像有可能是一個，也有可能是 很多個，所以 video 或 videos 均可。

　　62. lay 考查動詞。(出自九年級 Unit 2)根據(jù) went 判斷整個句子的時態(tài)是一般過去時，lie 當(dāng)“躺”的意思講時是不規(guī)則變化：lie-lay-lain。句意：漫長的一天之后，湯姆躺在床上睡著了。

　　63. crowded 考查形容詞。(出自八年級上冊 Unit 4)be crowded with 是指人多，用于人的擠滿，重在表現(xiàn)一種擁擠的狀態(tài)。句意：火車上擠滿了乘客，所以我們只好站著。

　　64. Certainly 考查副詞。(出自八年級上冊 Unit 10)Certainly 這個單詞用來強(qiáng)調(diào)和展現(xiàn)(說話一方)對于某件事感到毫無疑問和確信，意為“當(dāng)然”。句意：—你認(rèn)為應(yīng)該給教育撥更多的錢嗎?—當(dāng)然!我非常同意。

　　65. forgotten 考查時態(tài)。(出自七年級下冊 Unit 5)根據(jù) I’ve 判斷此處時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時， 結(jié)構(gòu)為 have done。forget 是不規(guī)則變化：forget-forgot-forgotten。句意：對不起，我忘記你的電話號碼了，你能再告訴我一遍嗎?

　　66. patient 考查形容詞。(出自九年級 Unit 1)動詞原形開頭為祈使句，be 動詞后面加形容詞，結(jié)合句意填 patient。句意：耐心一點。這是需要花時間的。每天閱讀一些你喜歡的東西， 你就會變得更好。

　　67. corners 考查名詞。(出自九年級 Unit 3)and 連接的兩個短語結(jié)構(gòu)相同，four 是數(shù)詞， 后面用可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，結(jié)合常識故填 corners。句意：一個正方形有四條邊和四個角。

　　68. twelfth 考查數(shù)詞。(出自七年級上冊 Unit 8)句意：十二月是一年中的第十二個月，也是最后一個月。

　　69. medal 考查名詞。(考綱有，書上無)根據(jù) a gold 判斷空格內(nèi)需要填入一個名詞，結(jié)合句意此處應(yīng)該是“獎牌”，故填 medal。句意：中國女子排球隊在 2016 年里約奧運會上贏得了金牌。

　　70. receive 考查動詞。(出自九年級 Unit 8)根據(jù) will 判斷空格內(nèi)應(yīng)填寫動詞原形，“受到熱烈歡迎”receive a warm welcome。句意：到我們村來，你會受到熱烈歡迎的。

　　第二節(jié)：書面表達(dá)(共 1 題，滿分 15 分)

　　【答案解析】

　　中考書面表達(dá)評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

　　(一) 評分原則：

　　內(nèi)容和語言共計 l5 分。在評分時要以作文的整體謀篇和語言水平(看其是否地道)來評判。先確定其所屬檔次，然后以該檔次的要求來衡量，微調(diào)得分。最后，看其詞數(shù)和卷面整潔程度，詞數(shù)太少 (不到 40 個詞) 或書寫欠整潔的應(yīng)酌情再扣 l～2 分，但不倒扣分。

　　(二) 內(nèi)容要點：

　　1、文章應(yīng)包括所提供的要點內(nèi)容。

　　2、個人提出的理由，表達(dá)要清楚。

　　(三) 各檔次的給分范圍和要求：

　　第六檔：(13～l 5 分)包含內(nèi)容要點;語言基本無誤;行文連貫，表達(dá)清楚。

　　第五檔：(10～12 分)基本包含要點，遺漏少量次要點;語言有少量錯誤;行文基本連貫， 表達(dá)基本清楚。

　　第四檔：(7～9 分)包含部分要點;語言雖有較多錯誤，尚能達(dá)意。第三檔：(4～6 分)要點不明確;語言錯誤多，影響意思表達(dá)。

　　第二檔：(1-3 分)只抄寫了提示詞;錯誤百出，不知所云。第一檔：(0 分) 白卷或文不對題。

　　(四) 第六檔有 3 分的差距，旨在鼓勵寫出優(yōu)秀的作文。請根據(jù)考生佳作把握分寸。

　　2018 年杭州中考寫作解析今年作文是關(guān)于我們七年級上第三單元的遺失啟事的內(nèi)容。

　　1. 格式方面：文章為是書信類，根據(jù)已有的郵件進(jìn)行回復(fù)，開頭和結(jié)尾已經(jīng)給出。

　　2. 審題方面：根據(jù)題目的信息可以看到，作文的要求是要根據(jù)郵件進(jìn)行回信，所以需要我們對來信內(nèi)容有很好地審核，每個問題都需要回復(fù)。從考察的內(nèi)容看，這次的作文還是比較 貼近生活實際和課本，平時這類的作文也有練習(xí)過，所以平時每個單元的作文練習(xí)還是要引 起重視。

　　3. 結(jié)構(gòu)方面： 作文一定要注意格式和層次。感謝回復(fù)-清晰回答相關(guān)問題-提出歸還請求-再次感謝。

　　One possible version:

　　Dear Mr. Smith,

　　Thank you so much for your reply. I stayed in your hotel on July 6 in Room 105 and I remember having left my new black wallet on the table. My ID card, two credit cards as well as a 100-dollar bill are in my wallet. Would you be kind enough to send me the wallet to No.1 Renmin Road, Binhai, China by mail if you find it?

　　Please call me on my phone number 1361234567 if needed. Thanks again.(80 詞)

　　Yours, Li Ping

 

 

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