2011年《中考英語語法》復習資料大全教師版(4)

　　三、表示運動方向的介詞

　　(1)into, inside , in 從外到內(nèi) 如：

　　He went quickly into / inside the room.

　　He went quickly into / inside the room.

　　(2)out of 從里到外，相當于outside, 或從里向外,相當于from

　　She went out of from the office in a hurry 她匆匆走出辦公室.

　　The boy watched the buses, cars and bikes out from the window .

　　這男孩透過窗觀看外面的公交車、小汽車和自行車。

　　(3)on 在……表面，onto 到……上

　　A boat is on the river. 一條小船在河上。

　　He jumped onto a tree. 他跳上一棵樹

　　(4)across 穿過一平面、through 穿過一空間

　　The boy kicked the ball hard and it moved across the grass.

　　這男孩用力踢球，球飛過草地。

　　The train moved fast through the tunnel. 火車飛駛隧道。

　　(5)The train moved fast through the tunnel. 火車飛駛隧道。

　　She walked to the bank 她步行到銀行去

　　She swam towards the shore 她朝岸邊游去。

　　四、常用介詞用法比較

　　(1)as , like

　　as 表示“作為”強調(diào)身份，like (介詞)表示“像”

　　As a teacher, he cares for these children.

　　Like a teacher, he cares for these children.

　　(2)with , in

　　with 表示“外貌特征或附帶的東西” ,“ 用……作工具”

　　in 表示”衣著” ”用某語言”, 在固定搭配中也可用in

　　A man with dark glasses wanted to buy drinks.

　　A man in black wanted to buy drinks.

　　The boy is learning to write in pencil / with a pencil.

　　He retold the text in English.

　　(3)for , to

　　for表示“為了.”

　　To 表示動作對象, “對, 向.” 如:

　　He would do anything for his motherland.

　　Did you mention this to my father?

　　你對我父親提起過這件事嗎?

　　for 表示“就某情況而說 ”, to 表示一“對某對象而言”如：

　　It’s quite warm today for February.就二月的天氣，今天夠暖和的。

　　What he told you just now was not new to me

　　他剛才對你所說的話對我并不新鮮

　　for 表示“目的,用途”。與go, come 動詞連用，

　　(4)except , besides

　　except 表示“從總體中排除一部分”, 與bat 同義， besides 表示“除了一部分還有另一部分”

　　We all failed except him. 我們都失敗了，但他沒有。

　　He speaks German besides French.他懂法外還會講英語。

　　(5)注意成對介詞的用法：

　　get into (out of ) the car, get on (off) the bus, jump onto (off) the platform, out of

　　(6)介詞和名詞動詞等有不少固定搭配和習慣用法：

　　to one’s surprise / joy, in charge of , instead of, in bed (hospital), in trouble, in a hurry, in surprise, with a smile, with one voice, according to, at once, on time, in time, in all, at home, (school, work), at last, at least, in the end, by the way, for example, at the same time, at the same speed, on one’s way (to), in the sun, on the football team, in line, with the help of, in red / green … put on, look for, look after, run after, send for, enter for, pay for, show…around, listen to, arrive in / at, get to, agree with, succeed in, think of (about), wait for,….

　　(7)表示加減乘除，分別用介詞plus, minus, times 和動詞過去分詞divided + by

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