2023年自學(xué)考試考試精選考點(diǎn)資料下載
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考試重點(diǎn)
明確重點(diǎn),有助于把握方向,有的放矢,查缺補(bǔ)漏。注意以下四個(gè)方面,多加歸納,加強(qiáng)復(fù)習(xí)。
1.動(dòng)詞的形態(tài)變化:時(shí)態(tài)、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、分詞、虛擬語(yǔ)氣。
2.詞義認(rèn)知:對(duì)詞匯基本意義的掌握,這是涉及全局的重點(diǎn),對(duì)詞義認(rèn)知的考查無處不在。
3.邏輯關(guān)聯(lián)詞語(yǔ):表明前后邏輯銜接介詞(前后單詞聯(lián)系)、連詞(主句和從句、分句和分句的聯(lián)系)、表明上下句關(guān)系的副詞、表示指代關(guān)系的代詞。
4.句式結(jié)構(gòu):比如從句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型和倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。
100個(gè)高頻考點(diǎn):
1、名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)
規(guī)則變化+s/es、不規(guī)則變化(mouse-mice)、單復(fù)數(shù)同形、同一詞在不同意義下有可能可數(shù)有可能不可數(shù)
2、名詞所有格
‘s(表示有生命:Lily’s desk)、of所有格(表示無生命the window of the room)
3、名詞修飾語(yǔ)
只修飾可數(shù)名詞(each、every、a great many)、只修飾不可數(shù)名詞(little、a little、 alarge amount of)、都可以修飾(some、alot of、plenty of)
4、不定冠詞(a/an單數(shù)不特指);定冠詞(the/this/that/these/those表特定)
5、such的用法
such作限定詞和all,no,any,some,other,anther等詞連用時(shí),such放后面。
如果such修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,且與不定冠詞連用時(shí)需置于其前;such前有no時(shí)不用冠詞。
6、so的用法
在believe,think,expect,suppose等詞后用so代替前文提出的觀點(diǎn)
在肯定句中表示與上文相同的情況,如:So do I.
7、all和both的用法
all三者或三者以上全部都,both二者都。all指整體或抽象事物時(shí)當(dāng)做單數(shù),指人時(shí)當(dāng)做復(fù)數(shù)。both做主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。
8、many修飾或替代可數(shù)名詞,much修飾或替代不可數(shù)名詞
many a 許多(謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù))
a good/greatmany很多
as many as/asmuch as一樣多、差不多
9、little幾乎沒有,修飾不可數(shù)名詞
a little有一點(diǎn),修飾不可數(shù)名詞
few幾乎沒有,修飾可數(shù)名詞
a few有一點(diǎn),修飾可數(shù)名詞
10、形容詞比較級(jí)最高級(jí)
原級(jí)比較:…is as good asmine.
表示少于或超過另一方:fewer than, morethan
易混淆短語(yǔ):as well as也…既…
as far as就…而言
11、比較級(jí)常見錯(cuò)誤:用much表強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)的誤用
She looks more younger than I.(×)
She looks much younger than I.(√)
12、介詞短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)
except for除了
in place of代替
on behalf of代表
but for要不是
in front of在…前面
13、介詞across, over, through, past四個(gè)?冀樵~的區(qū)別
across 橫穿穿越,發(fā)生在物體表面
over 跨過越過,發(fā)生在物體上方
through 穿過,發(fā)生在某物空間內(nèi)
past 從旁經(jīng)過
14、易混淆的介詞短語(yǔ)
in all總共
after all畢竟
at all根本,常用在否定句中表強(qiáng)調(diào)
above all最重要的是,尤其是
15、序數(shù)詞前一定要加定冠詞the,改錯(cuò)?,序數(shù)詞與基數(shù)詞連用時(shí),序數(shù)詞放在前面,如the first one。
16、will和would的用法(常考)
will常與第二人稱you連用,表示征求對(duì)方意見,will you/won’t you?
would更委婉客氣一些,常用短語(yǔ):would like to dowould rather寧愿
17、虛擬語(yǔ)氣
18、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來的2種情況:
擬定或安排好的事情、一定要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作:The train arrives at 10.
在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句、條件狀語(yǔ)從句、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來
19、過去即將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作:was/were about todo sth.
20、句子中出現(xiàn)過去時(shí),才會(huì)使用過去完成時(shí)表過去的過去-一直延續(xù)到過去的動(dòng)作
I was tired. I had been working sincedawn.
21、常用句型:
It is adj. for sb.to do sth.
It is adj. of sb. to do sth.(形容詞評(píng)價(jià)某人)
22、經(jīng)常接疑問詞+不定式的動(dòng)詞:learn, ask, discuss, explain, know, remember, forget, understand, think, consider, decide.
如 I have to learn how to study English.
23、主謂一致
the number of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)
a number of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)
someplentyofa lot of,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞根據(jù)所修飾的詞而定
a quantity of謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù);large quantities of謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)
24、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就近一致:
either…or…/neither…nor…/not only…but also…謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和靠近的主語(yǔ)一致(常考)
25、同位語(yǔ)從句
常跟同位語(yǔ)從句的名詞或短語(yǔ)(?):belief /doubt /hope /report /word /opinion /idea…使用舉例:We have some doubt whether they can complete the task on time.
26、直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)
變間接引語(yǔ)要向前推一個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)!例:
He said, ”I am sorry.”
He said that he was sorry.
27、定語(yǔ)從句who/whom的用法(介詞+whom)例:
He is the man who lives next door.
I have many friends to whom I am going to send postcards.
28、定語(yǔ)從句that/which的用法,通?梢曰Q,但下列情況必須用that(改錯(cuò)?):
先行詞是all,much,few,little,something等不定代詞時(shí)
先行詞有the only,thesame,the very修飾時(shí)
主句是以which開頭的特殊疑問句時(shí)
先行詞既有物又有人時(shí)
先行詞是序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)時(shí)
29、as和which用法辨析,引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句
as的先行詞只能是句子,which的先行詞可以是詞。
30、表示一…就的引導(dǎo)詞
as soonas/immediately/instantly/the moment/no sooner than/hardly
31、no sooner與hardly在句首時(shí),要求句子倒裝。
32、so that 連用引導(dǎo)目的/結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句
so adj./adv./many/few+that:There is so little time that…
such adj.+名詞+that:Kathy is such a lovely girl that…
33、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型:It is/was 被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分 that/who 句子剩余部分,和定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別:
It was 8 when I left home.(定語(yǔ)從句)
34、"wish +賓語(yǔ)從句",表示不大 可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望
表示現(xiàn)在的不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望:主語(yǔ)+過去時(shí);
表示過去的不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望:主語(yǔ)+had done;
表示將來的不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望:主語(yǔ)+would/could do
35、It was + 時(shí)間段+before…."過了多久才……"
It was not long before…."不久,就……"
It will (not) be +時(shí)間段+before…."要過多久(不久)……才……"(before從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用一般時(shí)態(tài))
36、as if/though+主語(yǔ)+did/had done…好像……(表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼那闆r用過去時(shí);表示過去的情況用過去完成時(shí))[參考句型4]
[例句]
Our head teacher treats us as if we were her own children, so all the students in our class think highly of her.
37、as, though, although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。
[注意]although位于句首;though位于句首或句中;as位于句中=though。它的詞序是把句中強(qiáng)調(diào)的形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞或名詞放在連詞前。
38、in case of…(+n.) "以防;萬一";
in case that…"以防,萬一……"(謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)或should+動(dòng)詞原形)
39、作文段首高分句型
關(guān)于……人們有不同的觀點(diǎn)。一些人認(rèn)為……
There are different opinions among people as to ____ .Some people suggest that____.
俗話說(常言道)……,它是我們前輩的經(jīng)歷,但是,即使在今天,它在許多場(chǎng)合仍然適用。
There is an old saying that______. It"s the experience of our fore fathers;however,it is correct in many cases even today.
現(xiàn)在,……,它們給我們的日常生活帶來了許多危害。首先,……;其次,……。更為糟糕的是……。
Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, ____Second,____. What makes things worse is that______.
關(guān)于……人們的觀點(diǎn)各不相同,一些人認(rèn)為(說)……,在他們看來,……
People's opinions about ______ vary from person to person. Some people say that______.To them,_____.
40、作文中間段落高分句型
相反,有一些人贊成……,他們相信……,而且,他們認(rèn)為……。
On the contrary,there are some people in favor of___.At the same time,they say____.
但是,我認(rèn)為這不是解決……的好方法,比如……。最糟糕的是……。
But I don’t think it is a very good way to solve ____.For example,____.Worst of all,___.
對(duì)我們國(guó)家的發(fā)展和建設(shè)是必不可少的,(也是)非常重要的。首先,……。而且……,最重要的是……
______isnecessary and important to our country"s development and construction.First,______.What’s more, _____.Most important of all,______.
為什么……?第一個(gè)原因是……;第二個(gè)原因是……;第三個(gè)原因是……?偟膩碚f,……的主要原因是由于……
Why______? The first reason is that ______.The second reason is ______.Thethird is ______.For all this, the main cause of ______ is due to ______.I fully agree on the statement that ______ because______.
41、作文結(jié)尾段落高分句型
至于我,在某種程度上我同意后面的觀點(diǎn),我認(rèn)為……
As far as I am concerned, I agree on the latter opinion to some extent. I think that ____.
總而言之,整個(gè)社會(huì)應(yīng)該密切關(guān)注……這個(gè)問題。只有這樣,我們才能在將來……。
In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of ______.Only in this way can ______in the future.
但是,……和……都有它們各自的優(yōu)勢(shì)(好處)。例如,……,而……。然而,把這兩者相比較,我更傾向于(喜歡)……
But ______and ______have their own advantages. For example, _____, while_____.Comparing this with that, however, I prefer to______.
就我個(gè)人而言,我相信……,因此,我堅(jiān)信美好的未來正等著我們。因?yàn)椤?/P>
Personally, I believe that_____. Consequently, I'm confident that a bright future is awaiting us because______.
至于我(對(duì)我來說,就我而言),我認(rèn)為……更合理。只有這樣,我們才能……
For my part, I think it reasonable to_____. Only in this way can we _____.
42、英語(yǔ)作文表達(dá)常用句型短語(yǔ)(表達(dá)原因)
A number of factors are accountable for this situation.
The answer to this problem involves many factors.
The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that...
Perhaps the primary factor is that …
43、表示比較
The advantages far outweigh the disadvantages.
The advantages of A are much greater than those of B.
A may be prefer able to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages that...
It is reasonable to maintain that ...but it would be foolish to claim that...
For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages.
Like anything else, it has its faults.
It is true that A ... , but the chief faults (obvious defects )are ...
44、表示批駁
It is true that ..., but one vital point is being left out.
There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more importantfact.
Some people say ..., but it does not hold water.
Many of us have been under the illusion that...
Too much stress placed on ... may lead to ...
Contrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that ...
45、表示后果
It may give rise to a host of problems.
The immediate result it produces is ...
It will exercise a profound influence upon...
Its consequence can be so great that...
46、將要舉例
A good case inpoint is ...
Such examples might be given easily.
...is often cited as an example.
47、表示證明
No one can deny the fact that ...
The idea is hardly supported by facts.
Unfortunately, none of the available data shows ...
Recent studiesindicate that ...
There is sufficient evidence to show that ...
According to statistics proved by ..., it can be seen that ...
48、反義疑問句速記口訣:
反意問句三要點(diǎn),前后謂語(yǔ)正相反;
短句not如出現(xiàn),必須縮寫是習(xí)慣;
最后一點(diǎn)應(yīng)注意,短句主語(yǔ)代詞填
49、短文改錯(cuò)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)四要法:
要先瀏覽全文,知道大意
要通過找句號(hào)把長(zhǎng)句子拆分出來
要分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),再?gòu)摹岸、缺、錯(cuò)、對(duì)”四方面細(xì)看
要通讀改后的文章,用語(yǔ)感通查
50、短文改錯(cuò)四看法:
看有無一致性問題(主謂一致、單復(fù)數(shù)一致)
看有無搭配錯(cuò)誤(動(dòng)賓搭配、介詞搭配)
看詞法和語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤(冠詞、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞誤用)
看每行每句間的邏輯錯(cuò)誤(甚至有外形相同的詞匯誤用)
51、agree to同意某項(xiàng)計(jì)劃或安排
agree with同意某人
agree on達(dá)成協(xié)議、意見一致
52、also用于肯定句,放在系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后
too&as well用于肯定句,放在句末(too用逗號(hào)隔開)
either用于否定句,放在句末
例:John also plays piano./He speaks French, and English as well./I want to eat an apple, too./Idon’t watch TV, either.
53、become指身份和職位的變化
get+形容詞表變得,多用于口語(yǔ)
grow表逐漸變成某種狀態(tài)
turn+表顏色和天氣的形容詞,變得和以前完全不同
go+adj.從好的狀態(tài)變成壞的狀態(tài)
54、before long不久以后
long before很久以前(多用于過去完成時(shí))
55、but表轉(zhuǎn)折語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)烈
while強(qiáng)調(diào)前后者對(duì)比Tom is reading while Jim is playing football.
however表示轉(zhuǎn)折常用于插入語(yǔ),需要和句子用逗號(hào)隔開
though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句
56、compare…with…把…與…相比
compare…to…把…比作…Life is compared to a voyage.生命被比作一次航行。
57、damage表示部分損壞
ruin和destroy表示徹底的損毀,但destroy只能作動(dòng)詞,ruin可以表示名詞
58、die of因…而死,表示內(nèi)部原因如疾病
die from因…而死,表示外部原因如交通事故
59、be famous for以…出名(某種技能、某部作品)
be famous as以某種身份出名
be famous to為某人所知The writer is famous to us.
60、hear of間接的聽說
hear about聽到…的詳情
hear from收到…的來信
61、in future距現(xiàn)在距離較近的將來Don’t do that in future.
in the future距現(xiàn)在距離較遠(yuǎn)的將來Who knows what will happen in the future?
62、in the air在空中,懸而未決的(后者比較常用)
in the open air在戶外
on the air在廣播、正在播放
63、keep doing sth.一直做某事,強(qiáng)調(diào)活動(dòng)不間斷的狀態(tài)
keep on doing sth.一直做某事,強(qiáng)調(diào)客服困難持續(xù)堅(jiān)持
64、no more than僅僅,只不過
not more than至多,不超過
65、only if只有…才…
if only要是…就好了,接虛擬語(yǔ)氣
66、sometime在過去或未來的某個(gè)時(shí)候
sometimes有時(shí)
some time一段時(shí)間
some times幾倍、幾次
67、used to do過去常常做某事
get/become/beused to doing sth.習(xí)慣于
be used to do被用來做某事
68、全部倒裝句的常見結(jié)構(gòu):
here, there,now, then, thus等副詞置于句首, 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用be, come, go, lie, run。
There goes the bell.
表示運(yùn)動(dòng)方向的副詞或地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)置于句首,謂語(yǔ)表示運(yùn)動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞。
Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.
69、部分倒裝句的結(jié)構(gòu)和用法
把“so ... that ...”句型中的“so + 形容詞 / 副詞”部分放在句首時(shí),be動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)前面。如:So frightened was the girl that she daren't move an inch further.
用so,neither或nor構(gòu)成的特殊句型,表示另一人或物也具有和前面提到的同樣情況時(shí),出現(xiàn)部分倒裝。如:Jim asked the question. So did Lily.
把具有“否定”意義的詞語(yǔ)放在句首時(shí),出現(xiàn)部分倒裝。如:Never shall I forget your advice.
70、特殊情形倒裝
“only + 狀語(yǔ)從句”和“not until + 從句”位于句首時(shí),在主句中進(jìn)行倒裝。如:Not until the child slept did the mother leave the room.
“not only...but also...”連接兩個(gè)分句,not only位于句首時(shí),倒裝在not only所在分句進(jìn)行。如:Not only were the children moved but also the adults showed their pity.
“no sooner...than...”句型中的nosooner位于句首時(shí),倒裝在no sooner 主句中進(jìn)行;“hardly / scarcely...when...”句型中的hardly位于句首時(shí),倒裝在hardly / scarcely主句中進(jìn)行。
71、完型填空解題4步原則:
第一步:跳讀。帶著空格通讀全文,了解短文大意,判別短文文體,同時(shí)能將會(huì)做的題及時(shí)解決掉。
第二步:選答。這一步最為關(guān)鍵,要求考生對(duì)每一道題進(jìn)行認(rèn)真推敲,但是要告誡他們?nèi)f萬不可按照題的順序答題,對(duì)那些不能拿不準(zhǔn)的題先跳過去,遵循先易后難的解題原則。
第三步:推敲。這實(shí)際上就是要求考生對(duì)完形填空短文的篇章作通盤考慮,把其中一些需要依據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境來考慮的比較難解答的題,以及句子之間和段落之間的邏輯關(guān)聯(lián)較強(qiáng)的認(rèn)真推敲,甄別,篩選和抉擇。
第四步:復(fù)查。這是解答這類題的最后一步,要求考生解完題之后務(wù)必再把文章通讀一遍,從整體上準(zhǔn)確把握文章的真正意思,及時(shí)修改與全文有出入的一些選項(xiàng)。
72、高考英語(yǔ)聽力技巧
迅速瀏覽問題。利用聽錄音前的時(shí)間,迅速看一遍題目,預(yù)測(cè)短文或?qū)υ捒赡苌婕暗膬?nèi)容。
注意聽短文的首句和首段。文章的開首句和開首段,往往是對(duì)短文內(nèi)容的概括,如講話目的、主要內(nèi)容、作者、論點(diǎn)、故事發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)及事由等。
獲取對(duì)話中的具體信息。注意對(duì)話中的一些具體信息,如時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、年代事件、數(shù)字等。
理解領(lǐng)會(huì)對(duì)話的意圖觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度及內(nèi)容。要特別注意講話者隨時(shí)會(huì)改變主意和更正說過的話。有時(shí)候,更正的話會(huì)由其他人說出來。
立足于整體。不管聽什么材料,注意力一定要集中在整體內(nèi)容的理解上,千萬不能只停留在個(gè)別單詞或單句上。
重點(diǎn)聽實(shí)詞。要把重點(diǎn)放在聽關(guān)鍵詞即實(shí)詞上,一邊聽一邊把要點(diǎn)及回答問題的關(guān)鍵詞記下來。
73、引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的常見詞
引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞,常見的關(guān)系代詞包括that, which, who(賓格whom,所有格whose)等,關(guān)系副詞包括where,when, why等。關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞放在先行詞及定語(yǔ)從句之間起連接作用,同時(shí)又作定語(yǔ)從句的重要成分。
74、定語(yǔ)從句分類
根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞的關(guān)系,定語(yǔ)從句可分為限制性定語(yǔ)從句及非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。限制性定語(yǔ)從句緊跟先行詞,主句與從句不用逗號(hào)分開,從句不可省去。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句與主句之間有逗號(hào)分開,起補(bǔ)充說明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。
75、短文改錯(cuò)常見錯(cuò)誤檢查思路
句中各部分的結(jié)構(gòu)是否完整,特別是每個(gè)句子要有動(dòng)詞;
謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài);
非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法;
名詞的單、復(fù)數(shù),格的使用是否正確;
定冠詞和不定冠詞是否正確;
代詞的格和性的使用是否有誤;
定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞是否準(zhǔn)確無誤;
并列句中的并列連詞、主從復(fù)合句中的從屬連詞用的是否得當(dāng)。
76、短文改錯(cuò)解題4原則
改動(dòng)以最少為原則;虛詞以添加或刪除為原則;實(shí)詞以改變?cè)~形為原則;以保持句子原意為原則。
77、短文改錯(cuò)解題注意事項(xiàng)
核對(duì)錯(cuò)項(xiàng)時(shí),若的確有一時(shí)難以改出的地方,可以參考所改動(dòng)項(xiàng)是否基本符合“1:1:8”的比例。即多一詞1個(gè),缺詞1個(gè),錯(cuò)詞8個(gè)。
核對(duì)改正的語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目是否有重復(fù)。因?yàn)槎涛母腻e(cuò)往往覆蓋面廣,一般不會(huì)出現(xiàn)重復(fù)考查某個(gè)語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)的現(xiàn)象。
核對(duì)答題符號(hào)是否規(guī)范,位置是否準(zhǔn)確,看看有無遺漏符號(hào)、忽略字母大小寫和拼寫等問題。
78、短文改錯(cuò)常見錯(cuò)誤1
謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的錯(cuò)誤是歷年考試的重點(diǎn)和熱點(diǎn),常見動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤類型有①一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)錯(cuò)用;②and前后動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)不一致;③主謂不一致;④缺少動(dòng)詞,特別是be動(dòng)詞;⑤第三人稱單數(shù)形式錯(cuò)用;⑥主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)錯(cuò)用。
They did not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my timeto my studies. (did改為do,錯(cuò)誤類型屬于①)
As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories.(visiting改為visited,錯(cuò)誤類型屬于②)
79、短文改錯(cuò)常見錯(cuò)誤2
名詞的常見錯(cuò)誤:?jiǎn)螐?fù)數(shù)名詞錯(cuò)用,可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞錯(cuò)用。
I’ll get good marks in all my subject. (subject改為subjects)
80、短文改錯(cuò)常見錯(cuò)誤3
冠詞錯(cuò)誤:誤用a和an(根據(jù)單詞的第一個(gè)音素來判定);誤用a/an和the(固定搭配,或泛指、特指;多冠詞或少冠詞)
We maybe one family and live under a same roof. (a改為the,the same是固定搭配)
81、短文改錯(cuò)常見錯(cuò)誤4.
形容詞和副詞錯(cuò)誤:系動(dòng)詞(am/is/are/was/were/become/go)和感官性動(dòng)詞(smell/feel)后用形容詞;詞性的誤用(形容詞修飾名詞;副詞修飾動(dòng)詞和形容詞)。
I’m sure we’ll have awonderfully time together. (time是名詞,要用形容詞wonderful修飾)
My pronunciation was terribly. (was后用形容詞,terribly改為terrible)
82、短文改錯(cuò)常見錯(cuò)誤5.
代詞錯(cuò)誤:代詞的主格和賓格(I/me;he/him; she/her; we/us; they/them)錯(cuò)誤;反身代詞(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves)使用錯(cuò)誤;代詞的單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)使用錯(cuò)誤;代詞指代錯(cuò)誤;多代詞或少代詞。
Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning to expressme in simple English. (me改為myself)
One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher. (to前加it)
83、短文改錯(cuò)常見錯(cuò)誤6
非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的常見錯(cuò)誤:不定式、動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)時(shí);and連接的不定式或動(dòng)名詞前后不一致;介詞后用動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語(yǔ);某些動(dòng)詞后要求接動(dòng)名詞或不定式。
Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper. (enjoy后需接動(dòng)名詞,talk改為talking)
But his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports. (go作主語(yǔ),應(yīng)改為going)
84、短文改錯(cuò)常見錯(cuò)誤7
介詞錯(cuò)誤:詞組中的介詞誤用;介詞意思理解偏差;介詞的多用或少用。
There are too many people among my family. (among改為in,in my family為固定搭配)
I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow. (去掉at,the moment引導(dǎo)從句)
85、遇到生詞的猜詞法——根據(jù)定義或解釋、說明猜測(cè)生詞的詞義
在有be,call等判斷詞出現(xiàn)的句子中,可以根據(jù)已知部分,猜測(cè)生詞的含義。例如:
A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called acarpenter。
通過理解定語(yǔ)從句的意思,能猜出carpenter是“木匠”的意思。
86、遇到生詞的猜詞法——根據(jù)對(duì)比關(guān)系猜測(cè)生詞的詞義
在有but,however,yet,otherwise,though這些表示意義轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞出現(xiàn)的句子中,其前后的詞有明顯的對(duì)比關(guān)系,根據(jù)已知的內(nèi)容,通過這種對(duì)比關(guān)系,就很容易猜出生詞的詞義了。例如:Though Tom‘s face has been washed quiteclean,his neck still remains grubby。
和clean意思相對(duì)的便是“骯臟的”了,因此可猜出句中g(shù)rubby的意思是“骯臟的”。
87、遇到生詞的猜詞法——通過因果關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義
because,since與as是連接原因狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞,so是連接結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞,so...that...與such...that...中的that是連接結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的。當(dāng)這些信息詞出現(xiàn)在有生詞的句子中,通過因果關(guān)系,依據(jù)已知部分就能猜出生詞的詞義。例如:She wanted the hairdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was toolong。
根據(jù)because從句所講的意思,我們就可推測(cè)trim就是“修剪”之意。
88、遇到生詞的猜詞法——根據(jù)生活常識(shí)猜測(cè)詞義
運(yùn)用邏輯推理能力,自身的生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)及生活常識(shí)。再聯(lián)系上下文能讀懂的部分,可以正確猜出詞義。例如:Most of the roses are beginning to wither because of the cold。
根據(jù)句子意思及生活經(jīng)驗(yàn),wither是“枯萎”的意思。
89、遇到生詞的猜詞法——根據(jù)同等關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義
同等關(guān)系,指的是一個(gè)詞,一組詞或短語(yǔ)在句中作同一成分,而且它們的詞義都屬于同一范疇。明顯的標(biāo)志是,這樣的詞組或短語(yǔ)中間常常用并列連詞and或or來連接。例如:At
forty-twohe was in his prime and always full of energy。
從“年齡42歲”以及與prime具有同等關(guān)系的full of energy可以猜出prime的意思是“盛年時(shí)期”。
90、遇到生詞的猜詞法——根據(jù)列舉的事例猜測(cè)詞義
You can take any of the periodicals:“The World of English”。“Foreign Language Teaching in Schools”,or“English Learning”。從后面列舉的例子中,可以猜出periodical是“期刊,雜志”的意思。
91、根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法知識(shí)猜測(cè)詞義
根據(jù)學(xué)過的構(gòu)詞法知識(shí),知道詞根和前綴或后綴的意義,就可猜出由它們組成的新詞詞義。例如:The colors of Hawaii in Summer are unforgettable。
forget 的意思是“忘記”,后綴"-able"表示“能夠”,前綴“un”表示否定,所以“unforgettable”意思就是“無法忘記的”或“難忘的”。
92、should+動(dòng)詞原形的虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)
在這個(gè)情況下,賓語(yǔ)從句需要使用should+動(dòng)詞原形,口訣:
一、二、四、四:一個(gè)堅(jiān)持(insist)、兩個(gè)命令(order、command)、四個(gè)建議(suggest、propose、recommend、advise)、四個(gè)要求(demand、require、request、desire)
I suggest youshould have enough sleep.
動(dòng)名詞和動(dòng)詞不定時(shí)區(qū)別系列
93、forget to do忘記做某事
forget doing忘記已做過某事
94、regret to do遺憾要做某事
regret doing后悔做過某事
95、mean to do 打算企圖做某事
mean doing意味著做某事
96、try to do 努力做某事
try doing試圖做某事
97、need to do需要做某事
need doing需要被…
最常見的介詞用法
98、by的用法
在…旁邊=beside
靠、通過某種手段、交通工具
按照It is 8 by my watch.
在…之前、不遲于Can you return the book by Monday?
被、由用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) written by Jk.
99、for的用法
為了、給(表示目的)
歷經(jīng)(時(shí)間、距離)for a month
以…代價(jià)/價(jià)錢交換
支持贊成,反義詞against
就…而言 too much for me
100、of的用法
所屬關(guān)系a friend of mine
同位關(guān)系the city of BJ
關(guān)于,表示動(dòng)作的對(duì)象(常與hear,think,talk連用)hear of sb.
出身、原材料made of
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