首頁(yè)考試吧論壇Exam8視線考試商城網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程模擬考試考友錄實(shí)用文檔求職招聘論文下載
2013中考
法律碩士
2013高考
MBA考試
2013考研
MPA考試
在職研
中科院
考研培訓(xùn) 自學(xué)考試 成人高考
四 六 級(jí)
GRE考試
攻碩英語(yǔ)
零起點(diǎn)日語(yǔ)
職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)
口譯筆譯
申碩英語(yǔ)
零起點(diǎn)韓語(yǔ)
商務(wù)英語(yǔ)
日語(yǔ)等級(jí)
GMAT考試
公共英語(yǔ)
職稱(chēng)日語(yǔ)
新概念英語(yǔ)
專(zhuān)四專(zhuān)八
博思考試
零起點(diǎn)英語(yǔ)
托?荚
托業(yè)考試
零起點(diǎn)法語(yǔ)
雅思考試
成人英語(yǔ)三級(jí)
零起點(diǎn)德語(yǔ)
等級(jí)考試
華為認(rèn)證
水平考試
Java認(rèn)證
職稱(chēng)計(jì)算機(jī) 微軟認(rèn)證 思科認(rèn)證 Oracle認(rèn)證 Linux認(rèn)證
公 務(wù) 員
導(dǎo)游考試
物 流 師
出版資格
單 證 員
報(bào) 關(guān) 員
外 銷(xiāo) 員
價(jià)格鑒證
網(wǎng)絡(luò)編輯
駕 駛 員
報(bào)檢員
法律顧問(wèn)
管理咨詢
企業(yè)培訓(xùn)
社會(huì)工作者
銀行從業(yè)
教師資格
營(yíng)養(yǎng)師
保險(xiǎn)從業(yè)
普 通 話
證券從業(yè)
跟 單 員
秘書(shū)資格
電子商務(wù)
期貨考試
國(guó)際商務(wù)
心理咨詢
營(yíng) 銷(xiāo) 師
司法考試
國(guó)際貨運(yùn)代理人
人力資源管理師
廣告師職業(yè)水平
衛(wèi)生資格 執(zhí)業(yè)醫(yī)師 執(zhí)業(yè)藥師 執(zhí)業(yè)護(hù)士
會(huì)計(jì)從業(yè)資格
基金從業(yè)資格
統(tǒng)計(jì)從業(yè)資格
經(jīng)濟(jì)師
精算師
統(tǒng)計(jì)師
會(huì)計(jì)職稱(chēng)
法律顧問(wèn)
ACCA考試
注冊(cè)會(huì)計(jì)師
資產(chǎn)評(píng)估師
審計(jì)師考試
高級(jí)會(huì)計(jì)師
注冊(cè)稅務(wù)師
國(guó)際內(nèi)審師
理財(cái)規(guī)劃師
美國(guó)注冊(cè)會(huì)計(jì)師
一級(jí)建造師
安全工程師
設(shè)備監(jiān)理師
公路監(jiān)理師
公路造價(jià)師
二級(jí)建造師
招標(biāo)師考試
物業(yè)管理師
電氣工程師
建筑師考試
造價(jià)工程師
注冊(cè)測(cè)繪師
質(zhì)量工程師
巖土工程師
造價(jià)員考試
注冊(cè)計(jì)量師
環(huán)保工程師
化工工程師
咨詢工程師
結(jié)構(gòu)工程師
城市規(guī)劃師
材料員考試
監(jiān)理工程師
房地產(chǎn)估價(jià)
土地估價(jià)師
安全評(píng)價(jià)師
房地產(chǎn)經(jīng)紀(jì)人
投資項(xiàng)目管理師
環(huán)境影響評(píng)價(jià)師
土地登記代理人
繽紛校園 實(shí)用文檔 英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí) 作文大全 求職招聘 論文下載 訪談|游戲
英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)考試

2011年6月英語(yǔ)六級(jí)簡(jiǎn)答專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)及詳解(四)

2011英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)進(jìn)入備考階段,考試吧整理六級(jí)備考資料供大家參考,祝大家取得好成績(jī)!

  Directions: Read the following passages carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words (not exceeding 10 words).

  Learning could not occur without the function popularly named memory. Constant practice has such an effect on memory as to lead to skillful performance on the piano, to recitation of a poem, and even to reading and understanding these words. So-called intelligent behaviour demands memory, remembering being a primary requirement for reasoning. The ability to solve any problem or even to recognize that a problem exists depends on memory. Typically, the decision to cross a street is based on remembering many earlier experiences. 

  Practice (or review) tends to build and maintain memory for a task or for any learned material. Over a period of no practice what has been learned tends to be forgotten; and the adaptive consequences may not seem obvious. Yet, dramatic instances of sudden forgetting can be seen to be adaptive. In this sense, the ability to forget can be interpreted to have survived through a process of natural selection in animals. Indeed, when one’s memory of an emotionally painful experience leads to serious anxiety, forgetting may produce relief. Nevertheless, an evolutionary interpretation might make it difficult to understand how the commonly gradual process of forgetting survived natural selection. 

  In thinking about the evolution of memory together with all its possible aspects, it is helpful to consider what would happen if memories failed to fade. Forgetting clearly aids orientation in time, since old memories weaken and the new tend to stand out, providing clues for inferring duration. Without forgetting, adaptive ability would suffer; for example, learned behaviour that might have been correct a decade ago may no longer be. Cases are recorded of people who (by ordinary standards) forgot so little that their everyday activities were full of confusion. Thus forgetting seems to serve the survival of the individual and the species. 

  Another line of thought assumes a memory storage system of limited capacity that provides adaptive flexibility specifically through forgetting. In this view, continual adjustments are made between learning or memory storage (input) and forgetting (output). Indeed, there is evidence that the rate at which individuals forget is directly related to how much they have learned. Such data offer gross support of contemporary models of memory that assume an input output balance. 

  Questions:

  1. According to Para. 1, memory plays an important role in _________________________ .

  2. We can obviously notice that over a period of no practice what has been learned tends to be forgotten from________________________________________________________________.

  3. It seems that the author disagree to explain ____________________________________.

  4. If memories failed to fade__________________________________________________ .

  5. According to the assumption given in last Para, we don’t exactly know ______________ .

  短文大意

  本文對(duì)于人的記憶和遺忘功能一題,進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的論述。文中指出,記憶對(duì)學(xué)習(xí),對(duì)智力活動(dòng),解決問(wèn)題的能力,都起著重要的 作用。然而,遺忘功能也是功不可沒(méi)的。因?yàn),假如記憶力永不衰退,人的適應(yīng)能力將被削弱,人的日常生活行動(dòng)將會(huì)混亂。文章在最后,又引入了另一個(gè)有關(guān)記憶與遺忘之間關(guān)系的理論。

  1.

  【參考答案】learning, intelligent behavior and the ability to solve any problem

  【解題技巧】 將同類(lèi)的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行歸納總結(jié),提取原話是解決本題的方法。

  【詳細(xì)解答】 本題的答案散落在第一段中,我們可分別發(fā)現(xiàn):Learning could not occur without the function popularly named memory.(沒(méi)有這個(gè)通常被稱(chēng)為記憶的功能,學(xué)習(xí)不可能進(jìn)行。)…So-called intelligent behavior demands memory.(通常所說(shuō)的智力活動(dòng)需要記憶力。) The ability to solve any problem or even to recognize that a problem exists depends on memory.(解決任何問(wèn)題的能力,甚至發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題是否存在的能力,均有賴于記憶力。) 因此,將Learning, intelligent behavior, the ability to solve any problem提取出來(lái),即可。

  2.

  【參考答案】dramatic instances of sudden forgetting

  【解題技巧】 從既定的結(jié)果入手,尋找存在的條件是本題技巧。

  【詳細(xì)解答】 問(wèn)題問(wèn)的是:根據(jù)什么,我們可以明顯看出一段時(shí)間不練習(xí),已學(xué)到的東西會(huì)逐漸遺忘。在第二段中,我們可以看到本題已知的結(jié)果:Over a period of no practice what has been learned tends to be forgotten.下面一句說(shuō)的是and the adaptive consequence may not seem obvious.(而且這種自身適應(yīng)的后果看來(lái)并不明顯。)這一句離題更近了,下面就得到了答案:dramatic instances of sudden forgetting can been seem to be adaptive.

  3.

  【參考答案】how the process of forgetting survived by evolutionary interpretation

  【解題技巧】 從間接的否定進(jìn)入直接的否定,并拋開(kāi)原文中不必要的修飾詞。

  【詳細(xì)解答】 問(wèn)題是:作者似乎不同意解釋什么。這句話的問(wèn)題很明確。然而,在英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言中,一些表示否定的話語(yǔ),說(shuō)得卻很委婉。第二段的最后:Nevertheless, an evolutionary interpretation might make it difficult to understand how the commonly gradual process of forgetting survived natural selection.然而,一個(gè)進(jìn)化論的解釋也許使人難以理解這個(gè)很普通的逐漸遺忘過(guò)程怎樣會(huì)經(jīng)歷自然選擇后仍保留下來(lái)。那么,might make it difficult,即是一種委婉的否定。因?yàn)槭呛?jiǎn)短回答,可以把修飾詞commonly, gradual, natural selection去掉,留下詞干就可以了。

  4.

  【參考答案】adaptive ability would suffer

  【答題技巧】 尋找與題相關(guān)的類(lèi)似說(shuō)法,是本題的技巧。

  【詳細(xì)解答】 第三段句首有這樣一句話:In thinking about the evolution of memory together with all its possible aspects, it is helpful to consider what would happen if memories failed to fade.文中有:Without forgetting, adaptive ability would suffer.在這句中,without forgetting取意與if memories failed to fade相同。

  5.

  【參考答案】how adjustments are made between memory and forgetting

  【解題技巧】 根據(jù)已知的東西去推測(cè)判定隱含的內(nèi)容。

  【詳細(xì)解答】 這個(gè)問(wèn)題問(wèn)的是:依據(jù)最后一段,給出的假定理論,我們知道什么。這種問(wèn)題,需要我們依據(jù)文中內(nèi)容來(lái)作出合理的推測(cè),最后一段指出:In this view, continual adjustments are made between learning or memory storage and forgetting.依據(jù)這種觀念(假定中的觀點(diǎn)),學(xué)習(xí)或記憶儲(chǔ)存和遺忘之間可不斷調(diào)整。Indeed, there is evidence that the rate at which individuals forget is related to how much they have learned.的確,有證據(jù)表明:一個(gè)人的遺忘率與他的學(xué)習(xí)量直接有關(guān),根據(jù)已知的信息,可做以下合理的判斷:一個(gè)人遺忘率與學(xué)習(xí)量雖然有關(guān),但是個(gè)什么樣的關(guān)系? 再由具體推向抽象,記憶與遺忘可不斷調(diào)整,怎么調(diào)整?據(jù)此,我們利用原文,答案可總結(jié)為:how adjustments are made between memory and forgetting.

  相關(guān)推薦:


  英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)完型填空解題一般方法、步驟

  2011英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)備考:完型填空解題技巧

  2011年六級(jí)完型填空必須掌握的重要表達(dá)句型

文章搜索
中國(guó)最優(yōu)秀四六級(jí)名師都在這里!
盧根老師
在線名師:盧根老師
   數(shù)學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位,2010級(jí)長(zhǎng)江商學(xué)院MBA。2004年加入北京新東方學(xué)校...[詳細(xì)]
版權(quán)聲明:如果英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)考試網(wǎng)所轉(zhuǎn)載內(nèi)容不慎侵犯了您的權(quán)益,請(qǐng)與我們聯(lián)系800@exam8.com,我們將會(huì)及時(shí)處理。如轉(zhuǎn)載本英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)考試網(wǎng)內(nèi)容,請(qǐng)注明出處。