2009年12月大學(xué)英語四六級(jí)考試語法精要(五)

　　2) 表示過去未能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，賓語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用過去完成時(shí)(had +過去分詞)或“would / could + have +過去分詞 ”。

　　I wish I hadn’t made such a mistake.

　　I wish I could have done it better.

　　3) 表示將來不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，賓語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用“would / should (could, might) +動(dòng)詞原形”。

　　I wish I would not get old.

　　I wish I could travel around the world one day.

　　4. 某些動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語氣

　　在一些動(dòng)詞后面的賓語從句中，謂語動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語氣。這時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用動(dòng)詞原形或should +動(dòng)詞原形。這類動(dòng)詞一般表示命令，要求，決定，建議，主張等概念，主要有：advise, ask, command, decide, demand, desire, direct, insist, move, order, propose, recommend, request, require, suggest,等。

　　The workers demanded that their wages (should) be raised by 10 per cent.

　　The teacher decided that you do the experiment first.

　　5. 某些名詞后的表語從句和同位語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語氣

　　在一些名詞后面的表語從句和同位語從句中，謂語動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語氣。這時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用動(dòng)詞原形或should +動(dòng)詞原形。這類名詞一般表示命令，要求，決定，建議，主張等概念，主要有：advice, idea, instruction, motion, order, plan, proposal, recommendation, request, requirement, suggestion,等。

　　My suggestion is that we (should) send for a doctor immediately.

　　He gave the order that they (should) do the experiment again.

　　6. 錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句

　　條件從句表示的動(dòng)作和主句表示的動(dòng)作，有時(shí)發(fā)生的時(shí)間是不一致的.如從句是對(duì)過去情況的假設(shè)，而主句可能是對(duì)現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行情況的假設(shè)。 這種句子稱為錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句.

　　If the weather had been more favourable, the crops would be growing still better.

　　7. 某些主語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語氣

　　某些表示命令，要求，決定，建議，主張以及“重要性”和“緊迫性”等概念的主語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語氣。這時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用動(dòng)詞原形或should +動(dòng)詞原形。這類主語從句一般由 “It is (was) + 形容詞/過去分詞 + that引導(dǎo)的從句”構(gòu)成。該結(jié)構(gòu)中，常用的形容詞主要有：advisable, appropriate, desirable, essential, imperative, important, necessary, obligatory, proper, urgent, vital等;常用的過去分詞主要有：arranged, decided, demanded, desired, ordered, proposed, recommended, requested, suggested等。

　　It is necessary that you (should) stop smoking so heavily.

　　It is arranged that you (should) enter for this competition.