2007年新東方大學英語六級講義（翻譯部分）

　　六級漢譯英講義

　　一、漢譯英應試原則和基本程序

　　(一)漢譯英應試原則

　　手法靈活(如遇難譯之處，換用其它相近說法表達)

　　語法正確(避免時態(tài)、語態(tài)、單復數(shù)等語法錯誤)

　　內(nèi)容忠實(必須把原文的內(nèi)容準確而完整地表達出來，不得有任何歪曲、遺漏或增刪)

　　語言閃光(譯文符合英語表達習慣，且用詞準確、多樣)

　　(二)漢譯英基本程序

　　1.理解 通讀并透徹理解原文含義

　　2.翻譯 確定譯文句子的時態(tài)、句型、結(jié)構(gòu)和用詞

　　3.審校 首先檢查譯文是否正確地轉(zhuǎn)述了原文內(nèi)容，是否有錯譯和漏譯;其次，檢查是否有語言上的明顯錯誤，如時態(tài)、語態(tài)、單復數(shù)、拼寫、大小寫、標點符號等。發(fā)現(xiàn)錯誤，及時改正。

　　二、漢譯英專項練習

　　一、倍數(shù)增減的表示法

　　1) Force N1 _______________(比力N2大2.5倍).

　　2) This substance _______________(反應速度是另外那種物質(zhì)的三倍).

　　3) The earth _______________(是月球大小的49倍).

　　4) The landlord _______________(想將租金提高三分之一).

　　5) They _______________(計劃將投資增加一倍).

　　二、時態(tài)

　　1) Be quick, _______________(否則等我們到達教

　　2) When she got home, _______________(孩子們已經(jīng)睡著了).

　　3) When I prepare for the college entrance examination, _______________(我姐姐將在海邊度假).

　　4) I_______________(一上午都在修改我的簡歷).

　　5) Do you often go on holiday? _______________(不，我已經(jīng)有五年沒有度假了).

　　6) He joined the army in October, 2001. _______________(他參軍已五年了).

　　三、被動語態(tài)

　　1) The blackboard and chalk _______________(正在被電腦和投影機所取代).

　　2) The book _______________(到今年年底就將已出版).

　　3) Computer models _______________(可以用來演示細胞工作的方式).

　　4) When the bill of fare was brought, _______________(我驚呆了，價格大大超出了我的預料).

　　5) _______________(必須立即采取有效措施)to eliminate sandy storms.

　　四、情態(tài)動詞

　　1) The phone is ringing, _______________(但是沒人接聽。她一定不在家).

　　2) I can’t find my sunglasses. _______________(我可能昨天落在咖啡店里了).

　　3) You screamed in your sleep last night. _______________(你一定夢見什么可怕的東西了).

　　4) It’s a pity. _______________(你本應該邀請她來參加你的畢業(yè)典禮的).

　　5) _______________(其實我沒必要穿上我最好的套裝去參加那次聚會的); most of the guests were wearing jeans and sweaters.

　　五、虛擬語氣

　　1) I wish _______________(我年輕的時候有你們這樣的機會).

　　2) If only _______________(他知道這病是可以治好的)! Then he would not have killed himself.

　　3) —— Would you like him to paint your door with yellow stars?

　　—— I’d rather he _______________(漆成藍色的，而且不帶任何裝飾).

　　4) It’s high time that _______________(采取措施解決交通堵塞的問題).

　　5) Hugh usually talks _______________(仿佛在大會上發(fā)表演說似的).

　　6) We insist that _______________(讓杰克立刻進醫(yī)院).

　　7) It was advised that _______________(在居民區(qū)設(shè)立更多的流動商店).

　　8) His proposal was that _______________(他們成立一個專門委員會來檢查這個問題).

　　9) We are going to discuss his suggestion that _______________(取消期中考試).

　　10) It is ridiculous that _______________(我們在一個總是下雨的國家還缺水).

　　11) It is essential that _______________(每個人都為緊急情況做好準備).

　　12) _______________(如果他按照我告訴他的辦法訂票), we would have had quite a comfortable journey.

　　13) I was to have made a speech _______________(要不是有人把我的話打斷了).

　　14) It didn’t rain last night. _______________(要是下了，地就會濕的).

　　15) _______________(如果我一直住在紐約), I would know the U.S. well now.

　　16) If the doctor had not come in time, _______________(他現(xiàn)在就不在人間了).

　　17) But for his help, _______________(我們就不會以這么低的價格租到房子了).

　　18) I used my calculator; _______________(否則，我會花更長的時間才能算出這道題).

　　19) Were I in your place, _______________(我會毫不猶豫地抓住機會).

　　20) Had it not been for their opposition, _______________(這項法案早就通過了).

　　21) Should there be another world war, _______________(人類的繼續(xù)存在就會有危險).

　　22) He walked lightly _______________(以免驚醒嬰兒).

　　六、不定式

　　1) It was a great achievement _______________(10個月建成一棟24層的樓).

　　2) It is necessary _______________(我們在考試前好好地睡一晚上覺).

　　3) It is generous _______________(你把這么多錢捐給災區(qū)人民).

　　4) The teacher decided _______________(不懲罰那些上課遲到的學生).

　　5) Mr. Green was wondering _______________ (是否去看望在法國的兒子).

　　6) The gardener _______________(剛才警告我不要在中午給花澆水).

　　7) We _______________(請他給我們做有關(guān)現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)的講座).

　　8) He feels it challenging _______________(在這么大一所大學做學生會主席).

　　9) We hope to have more opportunities _______________(把我們在課堂上學到的東西應用于實踐).

　　10) The bad weather _______________(破壞了我們在露天放電影的計劃).

　　11) The environmentalists are against _______________(在郊區(qū)建一座核電站的決定).

　　12) Sally Ride was the first _______________(探索外部空間的美國婦女).

　　13) They lifted a rock _______________(結(jié)果砸了自己的腳).

　　14) He was surprised _______________(在這個山村遇見一個中學同學).

　　15) I am sorry _______________(占用了您這么多時間).

　　16) I happened _______________(在他沖進來的時候站在門口).

　　17) She doesn’t like _______________(被當作客人).

　　18) If you want to save money, you’d better _______________(到校園書店買舊書).

　　19) We did nothing _______________(除了整天打橋牌).

　　20) We were made _______________(進屋之前在墊子上擦擦腳).

　　七、分詞

　　1) This is the first time that I heard _______________(用意大利語唱“祝你生日快樂”).

　　2) The cars _______________(停在消防通道的) will be ticketed.

　　3) The war went on for years, _______________(奪去了成千上萬人的生命).

　　4) The farmers used a new insecticide, thus _______________(將平均產(chǎn)量提高了15%).

　　5) Einstein watched the toy in delight, _______________(想推導出它的運轉(zhuǎn)原理).

　　6) _______________(看到大家都在聚精會神地看書), we stopped talking and began to study.

　　7) _______________(被這個男孩的事跡深深打動了), they decided to pay for his education.

　　8) _______________(從一個年輕朋友的眼光來看), Einstein was a simple, modest and ordinary man.

　　9) _______________(好久沒有收到父母的來信了), he was worried about them.

　　八、動名詞

　　1) _______________(每天洗冷水澡) does him a lot of good.

　　2) They tried to avoid _______________(讓女兒做她不喜歡的事情).

　　3) Developing varieties is the key to _______________(使我們的產(chǎn)品進入國際市場).

　　4) It is no use _______________(為灑了的牛奶而哭泣).

　　5) He denied_______________(偷看了同桌的試卷).

　　6) We congratulated her on _______________(被提升為經(jīng)理).

　　九、非謂語動詞用法區(qū)別

　　1) Success means _______________(非常努力地工作).

　　2) John meant _______________(開車去那兒，但他的車出了故障).

　　3) I heard him _______________(在跟他的母親談話).

　　4) I heard him _______________(跟他的母親談了一個小時).

　　5) He jumped into the pool to save the child _______________(結(jié)果卻摔斷了自己的腿).

　　6) He jumped from the burning house, _______________(摔斷了雙腿).

　　7) He was happy _______________(看到父母很健康).

　　8) _______________(看到父母安然無恙), he issued a sigh of relief.

　　9) _______________(跟隨著它的腳印), the zoologists spotted the hungry panda.

　　10) The pop, _______________(后面跟著兩個保鏢), came to meet his fans.

　　十、名詞從句

　　1) _______________(他們?yōu)槭裁措x開家鄉(xiāng)去云南) is still a secret.

　　2) _______________(最讓我不解的) was that he spoke English so well.

　　3) _______________(這么做是故意的) became obvious.

　　4) It is not clear yet _______________(誰應該為這件事負責).

　　5) It is none of your business _______________(瑪麗與誰訂婚).

　　6) Don’t put off till tomorrow _______________(今天能做的事).

　　7) This novel is just _______________(我一直在尋找的).

　　8) It is not yet known _______________(機器人是否有一天能擁有象人一樣的視力).

　　9) _______________(她是否喜歡那個禮物) is not clear to me.

　　10) My main problem right now is _______________(我是否應該請求另一筆貸款).

　　11) It all depends on _______________(他們是否會支持我們).

　　12) You have yet to answer my question _______________(我是否可以指望你的投票).

　　13) Finally, the workers got an answer _______________(政府做不了什么事來提高他們工資).

　　14) Obviously, there was little certainty _______________(主席會同意他的提議).

　　十一、定語從句

　　1) Everyday many tourists come to visit _______________(魯迅出生的那棟房子).

　　2) The old lady died _______________(在她兒子到達的那天).

　　3) This is _______________(我贊成這一改革的理由).

　　4) Let ABC be _______________(一個三邊不等長的三角形).

　　5) Some of the roads were flooded, _______________(這使我們的旅程更為艱難).

　　6) He introduced me to his students, _______________(他們大部分是英語專業(yè)的學生).

　　7) _______________(眾所周知), water is a liquid.

　　十二、狀語從句

　　1) _______________(不管我們談論什么), Jim brings polities into the discussion.

　　2) _______________(不管哪一方獲勝), I shall be satisfied.

　　3) _______________(不管觀眾中的一些人如何使勁地難為他), the comedian always had a quick, sharp reply.

　　4) We climbed high _______________(這樣我們就可以看到更好的風景).

　　5) The problem so very complicated _______________(花了我們兩個周才解決).

　　6) You can go out _______________(只要你答應晚上11點以前回來).

　　7) I remember the whole thing _______________(仿佛是昨天發(fā)生的).

　　十三、比較級最高級

　　1) Does she dance _______________(跟她姐姐一樣地優(yōu)美)?

　　2) The buildings look _______________(在倫敦比在這兒難看得多).

　　3) This is _______________(他畫的最好的畫之一).

　　4) The higher you climb, _______________(空氣就越稀薄).

　　十四、倒裝句

　　1) Scarcely had she fallen asleep _______________(一陣敲門聲就把她吵醒).

　　2) No sooner had Anne arrived _______________(就生病了).

　　3) The husband was not hospitable to the visitor. _______________(他妻子也沒說一句歡迎的話).

　　4) Only then _______________(那個醫(yī)生才意識到他的病人需要手術(shù)).

　　5) Only when you adjust down your price _______________(我們才能做成這筆買賣).

　　十五、強調(diào)句

　　1) _______________(正是Jefferson寫下了)the Declaration of Independence.

　　2) _______________(作者是帶著真摯的情感)praises all that is progressive.

　　3) _______________(正是因為水漲了)we could not cross the river.

　　4) _______________(人們聽見正是Jim 這個無情的家伙) shouting at his mother in the dead of night.

　　5) _______________(直到我告訴她) Mrs. Williams knew anything about it.

相關(guān)推薦：巧妙應付英語六級考試的詞匯問題

更多信息請訪問：考試吧四六級欄目

＞＞＞來四六級論壇看看吧

＞＞＞四六級博客圈，你開博了嗎？