新東方：英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試閱讀30天學(xué)習(xí)筆記

　　Statuses are marvelous human inventions that enable us to get along with one another and to determine where we "fit" in society. As we go about our everyday lives, we mentally attempt to place people in terms of their statuses. For example, we must judge whether the person in the library is a reader or a librarian, whether the telephone caller is a friend or a salesman, whether the unfamiliar person on our property is a thief or a meter reader, and so on.

　　注：1.首句主題句

　　2.fit 加了引號(hào)，意義有所改變

　　3.property 財(cái)產(chǎn)，尤指房產(chǎn)

　　The statuses we assume often vary with the people we encounter, and change throughout life. Most of us can, at very high speed, assume the statuses that various situations require. Much of social interaction consists of identifying and selecting among appropriate statuses and allowing other people to assume their statuses in relation to us. This means that we fit our actions to those of other people based on a constant mental process of appraisal and interpretation. Although some of us find the task more difficult than others, most of us perform it rather effortlessly.

　　注：1.I am nobody 我是無(wú)名之輩;somebody 大人物;I am small / big potato 我是小/大人物;

　　2.this means 解釋上一句，所以這句與上一句難句意思應(yīng)該接近

　　3.mental process 思維過(guò)程

　　4.effortlessly 毫不費(fèi)力的

　　52. According to the writer, people often assume different statuses _________.

　　A) in order to identify themselves with others

　　B) in order to better identify others

　　C) as their mental processes change

　　D) as the situation changes

　　注：different 對(duì)應(yīng)第第二段中的 various，該題應(yīng)為第二段第一句改寫

　　53. The word "appraisal" (Line 5, Para. 2) most probably means "___________".

　　A) involvement

　　B) appreciation

　　C) assessment

　　D) presentation

　　注：詞匯題。一種心理活動(dòng)，A 涉及，B 感激，C 評(píng)價(jià)，D 成交，故排除非心理活動(dòng)A項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)，采用代入法可排除B項(xiàng)

　　54. In the last sentence of the second paragraph, the pronoun "it" refers to "_________".

　　A) fitting our actions to those of other people appropriately

　　B) identification of other people's statuses

　　C) selecting one's own statuses

　　D) constant mental process

　　注：指代題。二段末句中的前半句中的 the task,而task又指代的是前邊一句中提到的內(nèi)容

　　A status has been compared to ready-made clothes. Within certain limits, the buyer can choose style and fabric. But an American is not free to choose the costume (服裝) of a Chinese peasant or that of a Hindu prince. We must choose from among the clothing presented by our society. Furthermore, our choice is limited to a size that will fit, as well as by our pocketbook (錢包). Having made a choice within these limits we can have certain alterations made, but apart from minor adjustments, we tend to be limited to what the stores have on their racks. Statues too come ready made, and the range of choice among them is limited.

　　注：1.四級(jí)文章比喻、類比相當(dāng)于舉例。舉例常為細(xì)節(jié)，服務(wù)于結(jié)論，速讀

　　2.rack 衣架

　　3.本段首句和末句之外都是舉例部分