新東方：英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試閱讀30天學(xué)習(xí)筆記

　　注：實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康念}，A 項(xiàng)為第一段實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康耐�義改寫，B,C 項(xiàng)為吸煙的負(fù)面影響與文中意思相反

　　Psychologist George Spilich and colleagues at Washington College in Chestertown, Maryland, decided to find out whether as many smokers say, smoking helps them to "think and concentrate." Spilich put young non-smokers, active smokers and smokers deprived (被剝奪) of cigarettes through a series of tests.

　　22. George Spilich' s experiment was conducted in such a way as to _________.

　　A) compel the subjects to separate major information from minor details

　　B) put the subjects through increasingly complex tests

　　C) check the effectiveness of nicotine on smokers

　　D) register the prompt responses of the subjects

　　注：1.題目中沒有具體指出是哪一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)，所以就是針對(duì)所有提到的實(shí)驗(yàn)來說。

　　2.A 涉及文章倒數(shù)第二段的實(shí)驗(yàn)。

　　The fourth test required people to read a passage, then answer questions about it. Nonsmokers remembered 19 percent more of the most important information than active smokers, and deprived smokers bested those who had smoked a cigarette just before testing. Active smokers tended not only to have poorer memories but also had trouble separating important information from insignificant details.

　　3.C 涉及文章第三段的實(shí)驗(yàn)。

　　The next test was more complex, requiring all to scan sequences of 20 identical letters and respond the instant one of the letters transformed into a different one. Non-smokers were faster, but under the stimulation of nicotine (尼古丁), active smokers were faster than deprived smokers.

　　4.D 選項(xiàng)也只涉及文章中某一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)。

　　23. The word "bested" (Line 3, Para. 5) most probably means ________.

　　A) beat B) envied

　　C) caught up with D) made the best of

　　注：詞匯題，根據(jù)第5段末句的意思可推斷為A選項(xiàng)。

　　24. Which of the following statements is true?

　　A) Active smokers in general performed better than deprived smokers.

　　B) Active smokers responded more quickly than the other subjects.

　　C) Non-smokers were not better than other subjects in performing simple tasks.

　　D) Deprived smokers gave the slowest responses to the various tasks.

　　注：C選項(xiàng)是第一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果deprived smokers and non-smokers performed equally well

　　Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:

　　16. According to the author, the sonar system of bats

　　is an example of the idea that ____.

　　A) this is the age of technological triumphs

　　B) modern machines are inefficient

　　C) living mechanisms are often more efficient than man -made machines

　　D) artificial imitations are always less efficient than living mechanisms

　　17. The author suggests that the sonar system of bats ____.

　　A) was at the height of its perfection 50 million years ago

　　B) is better than man-made sonar because it has had 50 million years to be be refined

　　C) should have been discovered by man many years ago

　　D) is the same as it was 50 million years ago