大學(xué)英語四六級閱讀真?zhèn)芜x項(xiàng)特征大盤點(diǎn)

　　Example 2:

　　Such acceptance of community responsibility is not unique to businesses in Japan. School principals in Japan have resigned when heir students committed major crimes after school hours. Even if they do not quit, Japanese executives will often accept primary responsibility in other ways, such as taking the first pay cut when a company gets into financial trouble. Such personal sacrifices, even if they are largely symbolic, help to create the sense of community and employee loyalty that is crucial to the Japanese way of doing business.

　　22. According to the passage if you want to be a good manager in Japan, you have to ________.

　　A) apologize promptly for your subordinates' mistakes

　　B) be skillful in accepting blames from customers

　　C) make symbolic sacrifices whenever necessary

　　D) create a strong sense of company loyalty

　　啟示：切勿斷章取義!抓住原文關(guān)鍵、挖掘要準(zhǔn)確!解析原文要準(zhǔn)確，選項(xiàng)里每一個(gè)意群都要對照原文，核對是否有出入。

　　(4)推理題和細(xì)節(jié)題里的推理類選項(xiàng)

　　夸大后果：對于原文中的細(xì)節(jié)或論斷的某方面程度(比如后果)進(jìn)行了夸大處理。

　　如：某文章可能提到Anxietyàmental stress的因果關(guān)系，但干擾項(xiàng)可能出現(xiàn)Anxiousàmental disorder。

　　2.主旨類題目：

　　主旨?xì)w納題

　　(1)以偏概全：在概括文章或段落大意時(shí)，用某一個(gè)段落的觀點(diǎn)或細(xì)節(jié)冒充全文主要觀點(diǎn)、中心思想的選項(xiàng)。也就是歸納概括的范圍不足。

　　(2)主題擴(kuò)大：歸納概括的范圍過大，超過了文章討論東西，與主旨大意是包含關(guān)系。

　　3.態(tài)度語氣題：

　　干擾選項(xiàng)通常說法片面或偏激。六級閱讀所選文章通常是理性的說明和論證，具有較強(qiáng)邏輯性，作者對于所討論專題的態(tài)度不會是極其偏激的。如目前只作為干擾項(xiàng)出現(xiàn)過的有arbitrary(武斷的)，subjective(主觀的)，prejudiced(有偏見的), indifferent等。而成為正確選項(xiàng)的最安全選項(xiàng)是concerned。這類題目抓住基本特征，是屬于必得的分?jǐn)?shù)。

　　四、基本技能再回顧及應(yīng)用 (以上各種干擾項(xiàng)的特征需牢記在心)

　　要求：

　　1。一定要控制自己不看原文直接選擇答案的沖動!

　　2。寫出每一個(gè)題目里面的錯(cuò)誤類型，。

　　下面的各篇文章題目對我們以上講過的干擾選項(xiàng)的所有情形包含在內(nèi)了。要小心應(yīng)付。

　　Passage I.

　　In the villages of the English countryside there are still people who remember the good old days when no one bothered to lock their doors. There simply wasn't any crime to worry about.

　　Amazingly, these happy times appear still to be with us in the world's biggest community. A new study by Dan Farmer, a gifted programmer, using an automated investigative program of his own called SATAN, shows that the owners of well over half of all World Wide Web sites have set up homes without fitting locks to their doors.

　　SATAN can try out a variety of well-known hacking (黑客的) tricks on an Internet site with-out actually breaking in. Farmer has made the program publicly available, amid much criticism. A person with evil intent could use it to hunt down sites that are easy to burgle (闖入......行竊).

　　But Farmer is very concerned about the need to alert the public to poor security and, so far, events have proved him right. SATAN has done more to alert people to the risks than cause new disorder.

　　So is the Net becoming more secure? Far from it. In the early days, when you visited a Web site your browser simply looked at the content. Now the Web is full of tiny programs that automatically download when you look at a Web page, and run on your own machine. These programs could, if their authors wished, do all kinds of nasty things to your computer.

　　At the same time, the Net is increasingly populated with spiders, worms, agents and other types of automated beasts designed to penetrate the sites and seek out and classify information. All these make wonderful tools for antisocial people who want to invade weak sites and cause damage.

　　But let's look on the bright side. Given the lack of locks, the Internet is surely the world's biggest (almost) crime-free society. Maybe that is because hackers are fundamentally honest. Or that there currently isn't much to steal. Or because vandalism ( 惡意破壞) isn't much fun unless you have a peculiar dislike for someone.

　　Whatever the reason, let's enjoy it while we can. But expect it all to change, and security to become the number one issue, when the most influential inhabitants of the Net are selling services they want to be paid for.

　　21. By saying "... owners of well over half of all World Wide Web sites have set up home without fitting locks to their doors" (Lines 3-4, Para. 2), the author means that _____.

　　A) those happy times appear still to be with us 干擾伎倆: 答非所問+偷換范圍

　　B) there simply wasn't any crime to worry about 照抄原句 直接排除

　　C) many sites are not well-protected

　　D) hackers try out tricks on an Internet site without actually breaking in 偏離定位句子，偷梁換柱。

　　破解思路：答案推理需結(jié)合已通讀部分(第一、二段首句)和文章主線(網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全)。

　　對比喻的理解，找出本體和寓體，然后對照寓體的性質(zhì)判斷本體的性質(zhì)。千萬不能直接選擇字面意思!
　　相關(guān)鏈接：2008年6月四級英語考試巔峰閱讀培訓(xùn)匯總

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