2010年12月英語四六級(jí)考試翻譯高分訓(xùn)練題(13)

　　1. Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners: and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business.

　　2. Towns like Bournemouth and East bourne sprang up to house large "comfortable" classes who had retired on their incomes, and who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of drawing dividends and occasionally attending a shareholders' meeting to dictate their orders to the management.

　　3. The "shareholders" as such had no knowledge of the lives, thoughts or needs of the workmen employed by the company in which he held shares, and his influence on the relations of capital and labor was not good.

　　4. The paid manager acting for the company was in more direct relation with the men and their demands, but even he had seldom that familiar personal knowledge of the workmen which the employer had often had under the more patriarchal system of the old family business now passing away.

　　5. Among the many shaping factors, I would single out the country's excellent elementary schools: a labor force that welcomed the new technology; the practice of giving premiums to inventors; and above all the American genius for nonverbal, "spatial" thinking about things technological.

　　6. As Eugene Ferguson has pointed out, "A technologist thinks about objects that can not be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions: they are dealt with in his mind by a visual, nonverbal process...The designer and the inventor.., are able to assemble and manipulate in their minds devices that as yet do not exist".

　　7. Robert Fulton once wrote, "The mechanic should sit down among levers, screws, wedges, wheel, etc, like a poet among the letters of the alphabet, considering them as an exhibition of his thoughts, in which a new arrangement transmits a new idea".

　　8. In the last three chapters, he takes off his gloves and gives the creationists a good beating. He describes their programs and, tactics, and, for those unfamiliar with the ways of creationists, the extent of their deception and distortion may come as an unpleasant surprise.

　　9. On the dust jacket of this fine book, Stephen Jay Gould says: "This book stands for reason itself." And so it does-and all wound be well were reason the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate.

　　10. After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia's Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die.

　　1.這樣巨大而非個(gè)人的對(duì)資金和產(chǎn)業(yè)的操縱極大地增加了股東的數(shù)量和他們作為一個(gè)階級(jí)的重要性，這是國家生活中代表不負(fù)責(zé)任的財(cái)富的一個(gè)因素，這種財(cái)富不但遠(yuǎn)離了土地和土地?fù)碛姓叩呢?zé)任，而且?guī)缀跬瑯优c公司的負(fù)責(zé)任的管理毫無關(guān)系。

　　2.像伯恩茅斯和伊斯特本這樣的城鎮(zhèn)的涌現(xiàn)是為了給那些數(shù)量很多的"舒適"階級(jí)提供居住場(chǎng)所。這些人依賴于其豐厚收入而不工作，他們除了分紅和偶爾參加一下股東大會(huì)，向管理層口授一下自己的命令之外，跟社會(huì)的其他階層毫無瓜葛。

　　3.這樣的"股東"對(duì)他擁有股份的公司所雇用的工人們的生活、思想和需求一無所知，而且他們對(duì)勞資雙方的關(guān)系都不會(huì)產(chǎn)生積極的影響。

　　4.代表公司的花錢雇來的經(jīng)理與工人及其需求的關(guān)系更加直接，但是就連他對(duì)工人們也沒有那種熟識(shí)的私人之間的了解。而在現(xiàn)在正在消失的古老家族公司的那種更加家長(zhǎng)式的制度下的雇主們卻常常對(duì)他們的工人有這樣的私人關(guān)系。

　　5.在許多形成因素當(dāng)中，我將挑選出這些：這個(gè)國家優(yōu)秀的小學(xué)教育：歡迎新技術(shù)的勞動(dòng)者們：獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)發(fā)明者的做法;而且最重要的是美國人在對(duì)那些技術(shù)性事物的非言語的、"空間性的"思考方面的天賦。

　　6.正如尤金•弗格森所指出的那樣："一個(gè)技術(shù)專家思考那些不能被簡(jiǎn)化成能被清楚的語言描述的東西。這些東西在他的思維中是通過一種視覺的、非語言表述的過程宋處理的……設(shè)計(jì)者和發(fā)明者……能夠在他們的腦中裝配并操作那些還不存在的裝置。"

　　7.羅伯特•法歐特曾經(jīng)這樣寫到："一個(gè)技師會(huì)坐在杠桿、螺絲釘、楔子、輪子等等當(dāng)中，就像一個(gè)詩人沉浸在字母表的字母中，把這些字母看成自己思想的展示，在這樣的展示中，每種新的次序安排都傳達(dá)了--種新的思想。"

　　8.在最后三章中，他脫下手套，將神造論者好好地揍了一頓。他描述了他們的活動(dòng)和戰(zhàn)術(shù)，而且，對(duì)于那些對(duì)神造論者的做事方式刁;熟悉的人來說，神造論者的欺騙和扭曲事實(shí)的程度可能會(huì)令這些人有一種不快的詫異。

　　9.在這本杰出的書的外紙封面上，史蒂芬•杰伊•古爾德寫道："這本書本身就代表理性。"而它確實(shí)是這樣的--而且如果理性成為神造論/地化論之間的辯論中的惟一評(píng)判標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的話，一切就都好辦了。

　　10. 經(jīng)過了六個(gè)月的爭(zhēng)論以及最后16個(gè)小時(shí)激烈的議會(huì)辯論，澳大利亞北部地區(qū)成了世界上第一個(gè)允許醫(yī)生終止希望死去的絕癥病人生命的立法當(dāng)局。