三.固定搭配 (set structures):三道。
91. The nation’s population continues to rise at a rate of 12 million per year. (以每年1200萬(wàn)人的速度). (2006. 12 )
強(qiáng)化例句:It now came straight towards them at tremendous speed.
87. The finding of this study failed to take account of the quality of human's sleep. (將人們的睡眠質(zhì)量考慮在內(nèi) ) (2007. 6 )
強(qiáng)化例句:A great many former pupils will be attending a farewell dinner in his honor next Thursday.
91. Please come here at ten tomorrow morning at your convenience. (如果你方便的話) (2007.6 )
強(qiáng)化例句:The seed was sprayed over the ground in huge quantities by airplanes.
下面是答題步驟。五分鐘,一分鐘一道。
第一步:通讀句子,英漢一起讀,理解句意。
第二步:利用動(dòng)詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)等線索,確定句子的時(shí)態(tài)。如2006. 12. 88:
Since my childhood I have found that to me, nothing is more interesting than reading. (沒(méi)有什么比讀書對(duì)我更有吸引力)
Have found 提醒:后面一定要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。2006. 12. 89:
The victim might have survived (本來(lái)會(huì)有機(jī)會(huì)活下來(lái))if he had been taken to hospital in time.
Had been 提醒句子談的是過(guò)去,人現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)死了。2006. 6. 91:
Though a skilled worker, he was fired by the company (他被公司解雇了) last week because of the economic crisis.
Last week 提醒句子要用過(guò)去時(shí)。
第三步:漢譯英。注意,先翻譯謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,把它放在前面。動(dòng)詞(動(dòng)詞詞組)一確定,你就成功了一半。如下面這個(gè)漢語(yǔ)句子:
我鄰居去東京渡假,因?yàn)殄X不夠,回不了家了。
先找謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。這句話中有兩個(gè)動(dòng)作,“去渡假”和“回家”。哪個(gè)重要?哪個(gè)是說(shuō)話人要告訴你的重要信息?是“回不了家”,所以 return 是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。
先翻譯核心意思:My neighbor couldn’t return home.
接著,“渡假”“錢不夠”一前一后加上,把核心意思捧出來(lái):
My neighbor, who went to Tokyo for a holiday, couldn’t return home because he didn’t have enough money. 再如2007. 6. 90:
To make donations or for more information, please contact us at the following address. (按以下地址和我們聯(lián)系)再如 2006. 12. 90:
Some psychologists claim that people may feel lonely when they’re away from home. (出門在外時(shí)可能會(huì)感到孤獨(dú))
如果謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不用你翻,就抓中文里面的關(guān)鍵詞 (key word)。如2007. 6. 91:
Please come here at ten tomorrow morning if it’s convenient for you. (如果你方便的話)
迅速想出關(guān)鍵詞“方便”的英文單詞和用法:
第一, it 結(jié)構(gòu):It is convenient for somebody …
第二, at 結(jié)構(gòu):at one’s convenience
有了主干,再往上添枝加葉就容易多了。
第四步:通讀句子,檢查錯(cuò)誤。看看句子是否通順,你的翻譯跟原來(lái)的英文是否協(xié)調(diào)一致。
注意,實(shí)在翻不出來(lái),就不要硬拼,繞過(guò)石頭曲折前進(jìn),小溪才能匯入大海。.教大家一種“反譯”的小技巧,非常管用。其中奧妙不必言傳。各位都是明白人:
1.There’s still water in the rivers. 河還沒(méi)有干。
2.Students are still arriving. 學(xué)生們還沒(méi)有到齊。
3.他每次都贏:He never loses.
4.我天天想你:There’s never been a day when I didn’t miss you.
5.我一夜沒(méi)合眼:I lay awake all night.
比較:I didn’t close my eyes all night.
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