Unit 7

Niagara is an Indian word which means “roaring water”. Indeed, the roar of falling water of Niagara can be heard   1    a distance of 25 kilometers. Imagine    2    of water flowing over a cliff 90 feet high and you will get an idea of that terrible noise.

And    3    tremendous power the Niagara River has! It moves big rocks about and throws them into the boiling water below.

   4    ago an old ship without a single person on board was put in mid-stream. It sailed down the river    5  a toy boat with great speed. Having reached the fall, the ship dropped into the boiling water, never   6    again.

There were some people who wanted to become famous    7    swimming across the most dangerous part of the Niagara River. One of them was Captain Webb.   8    that he would try to swim across the Niagara drew crowds of people. On the evening of July 21st, 1893, Captain Webb came up to the river and    9    a plunge. His having jumped into the water    10    many people with horror. Soon, he appeared in the middle of the river. A loud shout went up from the crowd, but a moment later there was    11    silence. The man had disappeared under the water. Thousands of eyes    12    on the river, but the man was drowned.

In 1902, a certain Miss Taylor decided to go over the falls in a barrel. There were different kinds of pillows inside the barrel to prevent her    13   . Having examined the barrel carefully, Miss Taylor got in. The barrel was closed and then    14    into the water. Having reached the falls, it overturned and was shot down by the terrible    15    of the water. When the barrel was finally caught and opened, Miss Taylor came out alive   16  with a frightened look in her eyes.

Once a crowd of visitors saw a rope    17    over them from one bank of the river to the other. Then they saw a man    18    the rope. The man was an actor, Blondin    19   . He managed to cross Niagara Falls on a tight rope. The people on the bank were surprised at his    20    it so well.

1. A) within                         B) inside                       C) at                            D) on

2. A) Much                          B) a great number          C) mass                D) a mass

3. A) how much                   B) what                        C) so                    D) how

4. A) Sometimes                   B) Many times                     C) Much time        D) Some time

5. A) as                               B) as if                         C) like                   D) likely

6. A) to appear                            B) appearing                 C) appeared           D) appear

7. A) for                              B) by                           C) through             D) from

8. A) He said                        B) His having said          C) He says             D) He had said

9. A) gave                            B) made                       C) did                   D) took

10. A) filling                         B) full                          C) filled                 D) was filled

11. A) dead                          B) dying                       C) died                  D) death

12. A) being stopped             B) were fixing               C) were fixed         D) fixed

13. A) being hurt                  B) having hurt               C) hurting              D) hurt

14. A) being thrown              B) throwing                  C) thrown             D) threw

15. A) power                       B) strength                   C) force                D) capacity

16. A) therefore                    B) however                   C) so                    D) but

17. A) being put                   B) put                          C) having put         D) putting

18. A) step across                B) step out onto            C) step along         D) step on

19. A) under the name of           B) with the name of      C) by name         D) to the name of

20. A) done                          B) having done              C) having been done D) being done

Unit 8

Most young people enjoy some form of physical activity. It may be walking, bicycling, or swimming, or in winter, skating or skiing. It may be a game of some    1    — football, hockey, golf or tennis. It may be mountaineering.

Those who have a passion for    2    high and difficult mountains are often    3    with astonishment. Why are men and women willing to    4    cold and hardship, and to take risks on high mountains? This astonishment is caused,   5   , by the difference between mountaineering and other forms of activity to   6    men give their leisure.

Mountaineering is a sport and    7    a game. There are no man-made rules    8    there are for such games as golf and football. There are,   9   , rules of a different kind which it would be dangerous to   10  but it is this freedom from man-made rules that makes mountaineering    11    to many people. Those who climb mountains are    12    to use their own methods.

If we compare mountaineering and other more    13    sports, we might think that one big difference is that   14    is not a “team game”. We should be mistaken    15    this. There are, it is true, no “matches” between “team” of climbers, but when climbers are on a rock face    16    by a rope on which their lives may depend, there is    17    teamwork.

The mountain climber knows that he may    18    fight forces that are stronger and more powerful than man. He has to fight the forces of    19   . His sport requires high mental and physical    20   .

1. A) part                      B) sorts                 C) sport                D) kind

2. A) climbing               B) rising               C) going               D) enjoying

3. A) dealt                     B) looked upon       C) coped               D) disgusted

4. A) catch                   B) diverse              C) suffer               D) overcome

5. A) probably               B) precisely           C) logically            D) strongly

6. A) that                      B) how                  C) which               D) why

7. A) but                       B) not                   C) also                  D) is

8. A) as                        B) such as             C) i.e.                   D) possibly

9. A) for example          B) perhaps             C) then                  D) of course

10. A) behave                B) imply                C) ignore               D) list

11. A) luxurious             B) painful              C) attractive           D) noticeable

12. A) occasional           B) free                  C) accustomed              D) popular

13. A) familiar               B) similar        C) regular              D) thirty

14. A) sport                  B) astonishment     C) rule                  D) mountaineering

15. A) by                      B) in                     C) from                 D) against

16. A) admitted             B) tracked             C) vanished           D) linked

17. A) obviously            B) basically            C) already              D) conversely

18. A) would                 B) have to             C) due to               D) be to

19. A) mountain            B) wind                 C) nature               D) snow

20. A) limitation             B) division             C) goodness          D) qualities