名詞是大學(xué)英語四級(jí)考試中對(duì)詞匯考查的重要內(nèi)容之一。因?yàn)槊~在大學(xué)英語基本詞匯中所占比例很大,而且英語名詞的同義詞和近義詞很多,所以對(duì)名詞考查的主要項(xiàng)目是名詞意義辨析,此外還有名詞與介詞的搭配,動(dòng)詞與名詞的搭配,以及名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)等。下面是近幾年來大學(xué)英語四級(jí)考試涉及名詞的真題解析。
1.These books, which you can get at any bookshop,will give you ____ you need.
A)all the information B)all the informations C)all of information D)all of the informations
。2000.6.CET-4 第22題)
2.The clothes a person wears may express his ______ or social position.
A)Curiosity B)status C)determination D)significance
。200.6.CET-4 第28題)
3. Niagara Falls is a great tourist ______, drawing millions of visitors every year.
A)attention B)attraction C)appointment D)arrangement
(2001.CET-4 第42題)
4.A lot of ants are always invading my kitchen. They are a thorough ______.
A)nuisance B)trouble C)Worry D)anxiety
。2000.6.CET-4 第 69題)
5.When people become unemployed, it is________ often worse than lack of wages.
A)laziness B)poverty C)idleness D)inability
。1999.6.CET-第54題)
6.Some people would like to do shopping on Sundays since they expect to pick up wonderful ______ in the market.
A) batteries B)bargains C)baskets D)barrels
(1999.6.CET-4 第 59題)
7.In previous times,when fresh meat was in short _________,pigeons were kept by many households as a source of food.
A)store B)provision C)reserve D)supply
。1999.6.CET-4 第 61題)
8.The tomato juice left a brown _________ on the front of my jacket.
A)track B)trace C)spot D)point
(1999.1.CET-4 第 59題)
9.My father seemed to be in no _____________ to look at my school report.
A)feeling B)attitude C)emotion D)mood
。1999.1.CET-4 第63題)
10.He gives people the impression ____________ all his life abroad.
A)of having spent B)to hay spent C)of being spent D)to spend
(1998.6.GET-4 第46題)
11.A peculiarly pointed chin is his most memorable facial __________ .
A)mark B)feature C)trace D)appearance
。1998.6.CET-4 第47題)
12. Does everyone on earth have an equal right ______ an equal share of its resources?
A)by B)at C)to D)over
(1998.6.CET-4 第55題)
13. Over a third of the population was estimated to have no _________ to the health service.
A) assessment B) assignment C) exception D) access
(1998.6.CET-4 第63題)
14. Professor Taylor’s talk has indicated that science has a very strong _____ on the everyday life of non-scientists as well as scientists.
A) motivation B) perspective C) impression D) impact
(1998.6.CET-4 第65題)
15. The manager spoke highly of such ______ as loyalty, courage and truthfulness shown by his employees.
A) virtues B) features C) properties D) characteristics
(1998.1.CET-4 第顆7題)
16. Housewives who do not go out to work often feel they are not working to their full ___________.
A) capacity B) strength C) length D) possibility
(1997.6.CET-4 第35題)
17. The newspaper did not mention the ______ of the damage caused by the fire.
A) range B) level C) extent D) quantity
(1997.6.CET-4 第40題)
18. The traditional approach ______ with complex problems is to break them down into smaller, more easily managed problems.
A) to dealing B) in dealing C) dealing D) to deal
(1996.6.CET-4 第33題)
19.Shelly had prepared carefully for her biology examination so that she could be sure of passing it on her first _______.
A)intention B)attempt C)purpose D)desire
(1996.6.CET-4 第36題)
20. Lightning is a ______ of electrical current from a cloud to the ground or from one cloud to another.
A) rush B) rainbow C) rack D) ribbon
(1996.6.CET-4 第44題)
21. I caught a ______ of the taxi before it disappeared around the corner of the street.
A) vision B) glimpse C) look D) scene
(1996.6.CET-4 第50題)
22. The manager lost his ______ just because his secretary was ten minutes late.
A) mood B) temper C)mind D) passion
。19967.1.CET-4 第39題)
10.[譯文]他給人的印象是他這一輩子都是在國外生活的。
[答案]A)of having spent
[解析]名詞impression后要接of而不是to,故先可排除B)和D);另外,根據(jù)常見搭配spend one’s life,故應(yīng)用主動(dòng)形式,所以A)是正確答案。
11.[譯文]獨(dú)特的尖下巴是他最令人難忘的面部特征。
[答案]B)feature
[解析]注意原句中的兩個(gè)形容詞: memorable(令人難忘的)和facial(面部的)。然后再從四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中挑出可以被“令人難忘”和“面部的”修飾的名詞。四個(gè)名詞的意義分別是:A)mark標(biāo)記,記號(hào);B)feature特征;C)trace痕跡,蹤跡;D)appearance外貌,外表。唯 有B)最合題意。
12.[譯文]對(duì)于地球的資源,地球上的每 一個(gè)人是否都享有同等的權(quán)利?
[答案]C)to
[解析]本題是要求選擇一適當(dāng)介詞, 與名詞right搭配,四個(gè)介詞中只有to可以。 “have a(the)right to sth.”意為“(享有)…… 的權(quán)利”。
13.[譯文]據(jù)估計(jì),三分之一以上的人口 沒有享受到保健服務(wù)。
[答案]D)access
[解析]本題要求在空白處,填入一個(gè) 名詞與后面的介詞構(gòu)成搭配。選項(xiàng)中4個(gè)名詞的意義分別是:A)assessment評(píng)價(jià),估價(jià),評(píng)定;B)assignment分配,委派,指定的作業(yè),任務(wù);C)exception例外,除……以外;D)access接近……的機(jī)會(huì),利用……的權(quán)力。Have access to sth.意為“享用,使用”等;D)是正確答案。
14.[譯文]泰勒教授的談話已表明,科學(xué) 已對(duì)科學(xué)家以及非科學(xué)家的日常生活產(chǎn)生了很大的影響。
[答案]D)impact
[解析]A)motivation動(dòng)機(jī);B)perspective看法,觀點(diǎn),觀察,前景; C)impression印象;D]impact影響,沖擊。根據(jù)辨析可見,選項(xiàng)D]impact符合題意要求。
15.[譯文]經(jīng)理高度贊揚(yáng)他的雇員表現(xiàn) 出來的諸如忠誠、勇氣和坦率等美德。
[答案]A)virtues
[解析]四個(gè)名詞的意義分別是:A]virtues美德;B]features特征;C]properties特性,財(cái)產(chǎn);D]characteristics(性格等方面的)特征。原句中l(wèi)oyalty(忠誠),courage(勇氣)和truthfulness(誠實(shí))等詞都屬于“美德”的范疇,A)是正確答案。
16.[譯文]不外出上班的家庭主婦們往往覺得沒能充分發(fā)揮自己的能力。
[答案]A)capacity
[解析]四個(gè)名詞的意義分別是:A)capacity能力,才能,B)strength力量,C)length長(zhǎng)度,D)possibility可能性。根據(jù)題意,選項(xiàng)A)是正確答案。選項(xiàng) B)Strength的干擾性最強(qiáng)。strength指的是人的“力氣,體力”,也可以指人或團(tuán)體的“實(shí)力”,本題表達(dá)的是要發(fā)揮能力,而不是施展力氣。
17.[譯文]報(bào)紙沒有報(bào)導(dǎo)這次大火造成的損壞程度。
[答案]C)extent
[解析]A)range“范圍,區(qū)域”,表示可以達(dá)到或探測(cè)到的最大范圍(the maximum area in which it can reach things or detect things);B)level“水平,程度”,指一個(gè)量表或序列中的位置(a position in a scale or rank);C)extent“程度’,the extent of the damage意為“損失的程度”;D)quantity“數(shù)量”;根據(jù)本題句意,要表示的不是火災(zāi)的范圍,水平和數(shù)量,而是火災(zāi)造成的損壞程度,C)是正確答案。
18.[譯文]處理復(fù)雜問題的傳統(tǒng)方法是將其分解為更小、更容易解決的問題。
[答案]A)to dealing
[解析]名詞 approach作“途徑,方法,通路”解時(shí),與介詞 to構(gòu)成“approach to+名詞(動(dòng)名詞)”結(jié)構(gòu),表示“解決……的方法;進(jìn)入……途徑”等。
19.[譯文]雪莉?yàn)樯飳W(xué)考試做了精心準(zhǔn)備,以便有把握地一次通過。
[答案]B)attempt
[解析]A)intention意圖,意向;B)attempt試圖,努力;C)purpose目的,意圖;D)desire愿望,欲望。B)attempt符合題意要求。
20.[譯文]閃電是從云層到地面或從云層到云層的一股電流的急促運(yùn)動(dòng)。
[答案]A)rush
[解析]A)rush急促的動(dòng)作;突擊,沖擊(rapid headlong movement sudden swift),electrical current可以與rush搭配使用,A)是正確答案。B)rainbow“彩虹”;C)rack“行李架,隔板”;D)ribbon“絲帶,鍛”,均不符合題意。
21.[譯文]那輛出租車在街道拐角處消失之前我瞥了它一眼。
[答案]B]glimpse
[解析]A]vision“視力,洞察力(power of seeing or imaging)”;B)glimpse “一瞥(quick,imperfect view of something/somebody)”,catch a glimpse of(瞥見……),這是一固定搭配;C)look“外觀,臉色(appearance);D)scene“景象(view,something seen)”,因此 B)是正確答案。
22.[譯文]僅僅因?yàn)槊貢t到了10分鐘,經(jīng)理就發(fā)脾氣了。
[答案]B]temper
[解析]A)mood“心情、情緒”;B)temper “脾氣、情緒”,lose one’s temper意為“發(fā)脾氣、生氣”;C)mind“頭腦,精神,理智”,lose one’s mind意為“發(fā)瘋,發(fā)狂;D)passion“強(qiáng)烈的感情,熱情”。根據(jù)以上分析,選項(xiàng)B)符合題意
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