2004年6月大學(xué)四級(jí)考前預(yù)測(cè)模擬試卷7

PartⅠ Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)��

Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said

. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four

choices marked A),B),C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the

centre.

�� 1. A) The woman went to a sports center.

�� B) The woman bought things.

�� C) The woman was playing tennis with Bob.

�� D) The woman didn't like sports.

�� 2. A) She is going to buy a computer.

�� B) She decides not to buy a computer.

�� C) She's not sure yet.

�� D) Her money is not high enough for her to buy a computer.

�� 3. A) 45 dollars. B) 21 dollars. C) 36 dollars. D) 15 dollars.

�� 4. A) Lend his book on the campus.

�� B) Buy a new book.

�� C) Read the newspaper.

�� D) Write an advertisement in the newspaper.

�� 5. A) They should definitely do it.

�� B) They can't find the means to do it.

�� C) It would be a silly thing to do.

�� D) They should do it earlier.

�� 6. A) Jane didn't like the concert.

�� B) Jane's economics report kept her busy.

�� C) Jane didn't know how to write her economics report.

�� D) She didn't want to talk about her economics paper.

�� 7. A) See his teacher about his mistakes.

�� B) Be on time for his appointment.

�� C) Try to avoid his mistakes.

�� D) Discuss where to meet his teacher.

�� 8. A) A film. C) A cartoon.

�� B) A football match. D) A concert.

�� 9. A) To tell her they are fine.

�� B) To invite her to go to a concert.

�� C) To cancel an appointment.

�� D) To ask her to wait for twenty minutes.

�� 10.A) In Italy and Austria. C) In France.

�� B) In Spain. D) In Italy and Australia.

��

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. Then listen to the passage again. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 11 to 17 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 18 to 20 you are required to fill in the missing information. You either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.

�� EATING IN THE CAFETERIA

�� Cafeterias are very (11) ____ with American students, (12) ____ during the

lunch hour. Tips are (13) ____ not required at cafeterias where you (14)

____ yourself and you are (15) ____ to clear your own table of (16) ____

and utensils, and throw away your trash in the (17) ____ cans.

��

In most cafeterias, you stand in a line. As you walk along, you select items available at a counter. At normal mealtimes, cafeterias are crowded with people. (18) ____.

��

Students entering the cafeteria on the campus are required to present their own valid meal cards. (19) ____. (20) ��_____.

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Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)��

Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

��

Questions 21 to 25 are

based on the following passage:��

We can make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money, but most mistakes are about people. “Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen?” “When I got that great job, did Jim really feel good about it, as a friend? Or did he envy my luck?” “And Paul — why didn't I pick up that he was friendly just because I had a car?” When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad. But when we look back, it's too late.

��

Why do we go wrong about our friends — or our enemies? Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning. And if we don't really listen, we miss the feeling behind the words. Suppose someone tells you, “You're a lucky dog.” Is he really on your side? If he says, “You're a lucky guy” or “You're a lucky gal,” that's being friendly. But “l(fā)ucky dog”? There's a bit of

envy in those words. Maybe he doesn't see it himself. But bringing in the “

dog” bit puts you down a little. What he may be saying is that he doesn't think you deserve your luck.��

“Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for” is another noise that says one thing and means another. It could mean that the speaker

is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole. But is he? Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn't important. It's telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven't got a date for Saturday night.

��

How can you tell the real meaning behind someone's words? One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks? Does

what he says square with the tone of voice? His posture? The look in his

eyes? Stop and think. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you may save another mistake.

�� 21.When the writer recalls the things that happened between him and his friends, he ____.

�� A) feels happy, thinking of how nice his friends were to him

�� B) feels he may not have “read” his friends' true feelings correctly

�� C) thinks it was a mistake to view Jim as a friend

�� D) is sorry that his friends let him down

�� 22.By saying “You're a lucky dog.”, the speaker ____.

�� A) is just being friendly

�� B) expresses the same meaning as “You're a lucky guy.” or“You

' re a lucky gal.”

�� C) is humorous to apply the word “dog” to people

�� D) has a hidden jealous feeling behind the words

�� 23.In listening to a person, the important thing is ____.

�� A) to notice his tone, his posture, and the look in his eye

�� B) to listen to how he pronounces his words

�� C) to check his words against his manner, his tone of voice, and his

posture

�� D) not to believe what he says

�� 24.If you followed the advice of the writer, you would ____.

�� A) weigh carefully what people say to determine their real meaning

�� B) get along well with people

�� C) trust what other people say

�� D) have no doubts about our friends

�� 25.This passage tries to tell you how to ____.

�� A) avoid mistakes about both money and people

�� B) say things elegantly

�� C) avoid mistakes in understanding what people tell you

�� D) keep people friendly without trusting them

��

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:

�� Sleep is part of a person's daily activity cycle. There are several different stages of sleep, and they too occur in cycles. If you are an average sleeper,

your sleep cycle is as follows. When you first drift off into slumber (安睡), y

our eyes will roll about a bit, your temperature will drop slightly, your muscles will relax, and your breathing were slow and become quite regular. Your brain waves slow down a bit too, with the alpha rhythm of rather fast waves predominating for the first few minutes. This is called stage 1 sleep. For

the next half hour or so, as you relax more and more, you will drift down through stage 2 and stage 3 sleep. The lower your stage of sleep, the slower

your brain waves will be. Then about 40 to 60 minutes after you lose consciousness you will have reached the deepest sleep of all. Your brain waves will show the large slow waves that are known as the delta rhythm. This is stage 4 sleep.

You do not remain at this deep fourth stage all night long, but instead about 80 minutes after you fall into slumber, your brain activity level will increase again slightly. The delta rhythm will disappear, to be replaced by the

activity pattern of brain waves. Your eyes will begin to dart around under your closed eyelids (眼皮) as if you were looking at something occurring in

front of you. This period of rapid eye movement lasts for some 8 to 15 minutes

and is called REM sleep. It is during REM sleep period, your body will soon relax again, your breathing will grow slow and regular once more, and you will slip gently back from stage 1 to stage 4 sleep — only to rise once again to the surface of near consciousness some 80 minutes later.

�� 26.The stages of sleep take on ____.

�� A) an irregular aspect.

�� B) a regular aspect

�� C) a punctual aspect

�� D) a similar aspect

�� 27.Stage 4 sleep lasts ____.

�� A) about 80 minutes

�� B) about 40��60 minutes

�� C) about 30 munutes

�� D) about 20��40 minutes

�� 28.The brain waves are the slowest during ____.

�� A) stage 1 ��C) stage 4

�� B) stage 2 and stage 3 ��

D) REM sleep

�� 29.In the second paragraph the word “dart” means ____.

�� A) glare ��C) stop moving

�� B) move rapidly or suddenly ��D) gaze

�� 30.One of the features of REM sleep is that ____.

�� A) there are large slow waves, though rapid for the first few minutes

�� B) you have the deepest sleep

�� C) there are no brain waves

�� D) the brain waves are a little fast and the brain becomes a little

active

��

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:��

Designing a lens can be compared to playing chess. In chess a player tries

to trap his opponent's king in a series of moves. In creating a lens a lens designer attempts to “trap” light by forcing all the rays arising from a single point in the subject to focus on a single point in the image, as a consequence of their passing through a series of transparent( 透明的) elements with precisely curved surfaces. Since in both cases the ultimate goal and the means by which it can be attained are known, one is tempted to think there will be a single best decision at any point along the way. The number of possible consequences flowing from any one decision is so large, however, as to bevirtually, if not actually, infinite. Therefore in lens design, as inchess, perfect solutions to a problem are beyond reach. Although this article will be concerned only with the design of photographic lenses, the same principles apply to all lenses.

��

The lens designer has one enormous advantage over the chess player: the designer is free to call on any available source of help to guide him through the staggering number of possibilities. Most of that help once came from mathematics and physics, but recently computer technology, information theory,chemistry, industrial engineering and psychophysics have all contributed to making the lens designer's job immeasurably more productive. Some of the lens

es on the market today were inconceivable a decade ago. Others whose design is as much as a century old can now be mass�瞤roduced at low cost. With the development of automatic production methods, lenses are made by the millions, both out of glass and out of plastics. Today's lenses are better than the best lenses used by the great photographers of the past.Moreover, their price may lower, in spite of the fact that 19th�瞔entury craftsmen worked for only a few dollars a week and today's lenses are more complex. The lens designer cannot fail to be grateful for the science and technology that have made his work easier and his creations more widely available, but he is also humbled: it is no longer practical for a fine photographic lens to be designed from beginning to end by a single human mind.

�� 31.Lens design and chess playing are similar in that ____.

�� A) the final goal and the means by which it can be reached are kno

wn

�� B) perfect solutions to a problem can be found

�� C) any one decision at any point along the way to the goal can bring

numerous possible results

�� D) both A and C

�� 32.The final goal of designing a lens is ____.

�� A) to trap the opponent's lenses

�� B) to focus light with lenses

�� C) to hand�瞞ake lenses at low cost

�� D) to reflect light by means of curved surfaces

�� 33.After the passage the author will talk about ____.

�� A) the principles of designing lenses

�� B) techniques of making contact lenses

�� C) the design of photographic lenses

�� D) styles of lenses

�� 34.Which of the following words cannot be used to describe

today's lenses?

�� A) More delicate. C) Numerous.

�� B) Cheaper. D) Unpopular.

�� 35.Lens designers today ____.

�� A) have a large source of help to fall back on

�� B) receive a low salary

�� C) are less respectable than those of the past

�� D) are not decisive in the lens design

��

Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:

��

Part Ⅰ starts with a brief introductory chapter and then takes up Style and Organization, covering them in that order because skill or lack of skill in style affects all writing, while much technical writing is so short as to offer no problems of organization. These chapters are followed by one on Mechanics, covering matters of form that are peculiar to technical writing or else crop up in it with abnormal frequency.

��

The chapter on Special Problems, which follows, performs a dual function. It provides writing assignments that may be used while the study of style, organization, and mechanics is still under way, and it explains ways of handling certain problems that may arise during the writing of reports, proposals, and other longer forms. We have also expanded the treatment of technical articles — recognizing the potential contribution of article writing to the career of the writer and the value of the article to science and technology.

��

In Part Ⅱ, a change of emphasis at one point is reflected in the new title

for Chapter 8, Nonformal Reports — Their Variation in Form and Purpose, which was formerly called Special Types of Reports. Though certain special types of reports are still discussed, additional emphasis is given to the fact that there does not exist any universally accepted set of types, under

which all reports can be classified.

��

Two other extensive changes have been made in Part Ⅱ: The chapter on Proposals, which first appeared in the second edition, has been rewritten and substantially expanded so as to cover that important subject more thoroughly. Also, an entirely new chapter, Oral Presentation of Technical Information, has been added. Though a study of this chapter is no substitute for training in public speaking, we believe that its recommendations can nevertheless be of substantial assistance to those who use this book on the numerous occasions when they will be called upon to present their ideas in person before a small group or a large audience.

�� 36.The passage is most probably a preface to ____.

�� A) a technical writing handbook

�� B) a handbook on composition

�� C) a book on a literary writing

�� D) a scientific paper

�� 37.In part I, the writer arranges the chapters in the order

of ____.

�� A) Introduction—Organization—Special Problems—Style—Nonformal Reports

�� B) Introduction—Style—Organization—Special Types of Reports—Mechanics

�� C) Introduction—Style—Organization—Mechanics—Special Problems

�� D) Introduction—Style—Proposals—Special Problems—Mechanics

�� 38.You can find some writing exercises in ____.

�� A) the chapter on Organization

�� B) the chapter on Style

�� C) the chapter on Special Problems

�� D) the chapter on Proposals

�� 39.According to the passage, the chapter on Oral Presentation

of Technical Information appears in ____ of the book.

�� A) Part Ⅰ of the first edition

�� B) Part Ⅱ of the second edition

�� C) Part Ⅰ of the second edition

�� D) Part Ⅱ　of the third edition

�� 40.Which of the following is not true of Part Ⅱ of the new edition?

�� A) There isn't the chapter on Special Types of Reports.

�� B) The chapter on Oral Presentation of Technical Information is rewritten and expanded.

�� C) The chapter on Proposals is a revised chapter.

�� D) There is a change of the title of Chapter 8.

Part Ⅲ Vocabulary and Structure

(20 minutes)

Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.

�� 41.____ allow the vegetable to go bad, he sold them at half price.

�� A) More than C) Other than

�� B) Rather than D) Better than

�� 42.Today, housework has been made much easier by electrical ____.

�� A) facilities C) instruments

��B) appliances D) equipment

�� 43.He ____ him what he asked.

�� A) denied C) ignored

�� B) refuted D) deprived

�� 44.The book does not ____ children.

�� A) submit to C) confess to

�� B) appeal to D) consent to

�� 45.We have every size of shoe in ____.

�� A) storing C) sale

�� B) stock D) shop

�� 46.I ____ this man with receiving stolen goods.

�� A) accuse C) scold

�� B) charge D) blame

�� 47.You've made a mistake—you've ____ the word.

�� A) left out C) left behind

�� B) left off D) left for

�� 48.Scientists first ____ the idea of the atomic bomb in the 1930s.

�� A) competed C) consumed

�� B) conceived D) concealed

�� 49.You may take an oral or written exam ____ what you prefer.

�� A) according as C) accordingly

�� B) according to D) in accord

�� 50.The desks and seats can be ____ to the height of any child.

�� A) adopted C) adjusted

�� B) shifted D) corrected

�� 51.No further discussion ____ , the meeting was brought to a close.

�� A) arising C) arousing

�� B) raising D) rising

�� 52. ____ , the British working class is better off today than it was a generation ago.

�� A) By and large C) By no means

�� B) In detail D) By and by

�� 53.Every man has the right to live where he wants to, ____ the colour of his skin.

�� A) regardless of C) in case of

�� B) prior to D) for the sake of

�� 54.The potato crop of 1946 was ____ that of 1945.

�� A) superior than C) more superior to

�� B) superior to D) more superior than

�� 55.Books are ____ to scholars.

�� A) indispensable C) bound to

�� B) indifferent D) accustomed to

�� 56. ____ such a difficult task, we must redouble our efforts.

�� A) To face with C) Faced with

�� B) We are facing D) Facing with

�� 57.Either of these young ladies ____ perfectly qualified to teach Greek, Latin and French.

�� A) were C) is

�� B) are D) have been

�� 58.Your hair needed ____ ;I am glad you had it cut.

�� A) cut C) to cut

�� B) cutting D) being cut

�� 59.Studying hard is more rewarding ____.

�� A) than to be lazy C) than to be like a lazy person

�� B) than being lazy D) than it is to be lazy

�� 60.The Latin class had twenty students, ____ had had much

better language training than I.

�� A) most of which C) most of them

�� B) which D) most of whom

�� 61.I wish that he ____ to the movies with me yesterday.

�� A) went C) was gone

�� B) could go D) could have gone

�� 62. ____ , the more necessary it is to break it up into a

number of parts which the reader can visualize.

�� A) The more complex a subject becomes

�� B) The more becomes a subject complex

�� C) A subject becomes the more complex

�� D) The more subjects become essential

�� 63.Close the door, ____ ?

�� A) will you C) shall you

�� B) do you D) don't you

�� 64. ____ at the railway station when it began to rain.

�� A) Hardly had he arrived C) No sooner did he arrive

�� B) Hardly he had arrived D) No sooner arrived he

�� 65.The storm ____ , they had to live in a cave.

�� A) has destroyed their hut C) having destroyed their hut

�� B) to destroy their hut D) being destroyed

�� 66. ____ the number of paid holidays enjoyed by most employees in the company, three weeks of vacation seems generous.

�� A) Compared with C) Comparing with

�� B) Compared D) Comparing

�� 67.It was going to be some time ____ he would see his father again.

�� A) since C) until

�� B) when D) before

�� 68.He is younger than ____.

�� A) any other boy in the class

�� B) any boy in the class

�� C) all boys in the class

�� D) you and me as well as the class

�� 69.The establishment of the company shall start from the day

____

the business license of the company is issued.

�� A) which C) in which �� B) on which D) whenever

70.You ____ me because I didn't say that.

�� A) must misunderstand C) must have misunderstood

�� B) must be misunderstanding D) had to misunderstand

��

Part Ⅳ Translation from English into Chinese (15 minutes)

Directions:

In this part, there are five items which you should translate into Chinese, each item consisting of one or two sentences. These sentences are all taken from the Reading Passages you have just read in the Reading Comprehension of the Test Paper. You can refer back to the passages so as to identify their meanings in the context.

�� 71. You do not remain at this deep fourth stage all night long, but instead about 80 minutes after you fall into slumber, your brain activity level will increase again slightly.(Passage 2, Para.2, the First Sentence)

�� 72. In creating a lens a lens designer attempts to “trap” light by forcing all the rays arising from a single point in the subject to focus on a single point in the image, as a consequence of their passing through a series of transparent (透明的) elements with precisely curved surfaces.(Passage 3, Para.1, the Third Sentence)

�� 73. The number of possible consequences flowing from any one decision is so large, however, as to be virtually, if not actually, infinite.(Passage 3, Para.1,the Fifth Sentence)

�� 74. We have also expanded the treatment of technical articles — recognizing the potential contribution of article writing to the career of the writer and the value of the article to science and technology.(Passage 4,Para.2,the Last Sentence)

�� 75.Though a study of this chapter is no substitute for training in public speaking, we believe that its recommendations can nevertheless be of substantial assistance to those who use this book on the numerous occasions when they will be called upon to present their ideas in person before a small group or a large audience.(Passage 4, Para.4,the Last Sentence)

��

��

Part Ⅴ Writing (30 minutes)

Directions:In this section you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition entitled “Lay�瞣ffs(下崗) in State�瞣wned Enterprises”. The first sentence is given to you. Your composition should be no less than 100 words. Remember that the contents of the outline should be included in your composition. You should write your composition on the Answer Sheet.

�� Lay�瞣ffs in State�瞣wned Enterprises

�お� 1. 下崗是改革的需要；

��2. 下崗會(huì)帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題；

��3. 如何對(duì)待下崗所帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題；

答案部分

Part Ⅰ

��

�� 1. 答案B。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 本題測(cè)試判斷事實(shí)的能力。

�ぁ娟P(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)】 postponed, so, instead

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 注意 but一詞表示前面的原計(jì)劃打乒乓球一事沒(méi)能做，postponed表示“推遲”，“延期”，So…instead提示出真正做了什么。

�ぁ咀髡呓ㄗh】此題可用排除法“ I was supposed to play table tennis with Tom”這

句話用了虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 was supposed to 表示“本來(lái)要……卻未成功，所以A、C、D都可排除。

�� 2. 答案C。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題為詞匯意義理解題。

�ぁ娟P(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)】 depends on

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 答案往往是能對(duì)該詞匯進(jìn)行正確解釋的選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)懂本對(duì)話的關(guān)鍵是聽(tīng)懂習(xí)語(yǔ) It all depends(這得視情況而定)，正確答案選項(xiàng)C實(shí)際上是對(duì)此習(xí)語(yǔ)的釋義。

�� 3. 答案C。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題是價(jià)格計(jì)算題。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 關(guān)鍵是要聽(tīng)出 three pairs, two pairs, each pair, this pair, 15 dollars以及6 dollars這些數(shù)字和單位以及它們之間的關(guān)系。弄清三雙鞋中有兩雙的價(jià)格為每雙

15美元，而第三雙鞋是6美元，那么就容易算出這三雙鞋的價(jià)格共為36美元。

�� 4. 答案B。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題測(cè)試預(yù)知將做某事的能力。

�ぁ娟P(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)】 books, are on sale, expecting

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 女士告訴男士：“我在報(bào)上看到一則廣告，內(nèi)容說(shuō)本周五下午有一些書(shū)要

在校園里出售�！蹦惺拷又�說(shuō)：“好極了。那正是我一直盼望的 !”從男士所說(shuō)的話可推知

他要買書(shū)。此題的關(guān)鍵是要弄清 that指代什么。

�� 5. 答案A。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題為理解詞匯題。

�ぁ娟P(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)】 by all means

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 關(guān)鍵在于理解 by all means。by all means意為“當(dāng)然可以，好的”。它

還可表示“盡一切辦法；務(wù)必”。

�� 6. 答案B。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題為簡(jiǎn)單推理題。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 注意 yes這個(gè)詞。當(dāng)它位于句首時(shí)，則表明說(shuō)話者對(duì)某事持肯定態(tài)度。男士告訴女士：Jane沒(méi)應(yīng)他之邀去聽(tīng)音樂(lè)會(huì)是由于她沒(méi)空。女士用“yes”表示同意，并且補(bǔ)充說(shuō)：“她正在寫(xiě)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)報(bào)告�！庇纱丝梢�(jiàn)，連音樂(lè)會(huì)都沒(méi)時(shí)間去聽(tīng)，原因是選項(xiàng)B。

�� 7. 答案A。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題為理解題。

�ぁ娟P(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)】 make an appointment with

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 首先要弄清 you'd better常表示建議，其次要弄清it指代的是男方說(shuō)的“why I made so many mistakes in my report”，這樣就可確定答案是選項(xiàng)A。

�� 8. 答案C。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題考查識(shí)別細(xì)節(jié)的能力。

�ぁ娟P(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)】 film, cartoon, then, football match, first

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 這是細(xì)節(jié)識(shí)別題。男士先用“ no”否定要看電視中播放的電影節(jié)目，故可

排除選項(xiàng) A。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“and then”可知看卡通節(jié)目在前，看足球賽在后，故選項(xiàng)B錯(cuò)而選項(xiàng)C正確。選項(xiàng)D“A concert”在對(duì)話中沒(méi)提到。

�� 9. 答案B。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題為推理題。

�ぁ娟P(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)】 if, don't find, concert, without

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 注意理解 if條件句。女方說(shuō)：“若找不到她，我們只好不帶她去聽(tīng)音樂(lè)會(huì)

了。”據(jù)此可知，找 Jane的目的是想請(qǐng)她去聽(tīng)音樂(lè)會(huì)。

�� 10. 答案B。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題考查識(shí)別細(xì)節(jié)的能力。

�ぁ娟P(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)】 wished to do ,but, so, Spain instead

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 通過(guò)閱讀選擇項(xiàng)可判斷此題與地點(diǎn)有關(guān)。聽(tīng)時(shí)注意關(guān)鍵詞： go to Italy and Austria…not enough money, so…to Spain instead。此外，還要區(qū)分一對(duì)近音詞：Austria與Australia。

��

��

本題為復(fù)合式聽(tīng)寫(xiě)，為四六級(jí)考試新增題型之一，有 10個(gè)空格。其中前面7個(gè)空格填單詞

，后面三個(gè)空格需寫(xiě)下三個(gè)較長(zhǎng)的句子�？忌�可認(rèn)真迅速地將聽(tīng)到的每個(gè)詞依次寫(xiě)下來(lái)，但

這需要一定的速記能力，也可以根據(jù)所聽(tīng)到的內(nèi)容自己組織句子，這就需要有一定的聽(tīng)力理解能力和快速的書(shū)面表達(dá)能力。

�ケ疚氖顷P(guān)于美國(guó)自助餐廳的情況，自助餐很受美國(guó)學(xué)生的青睞，尤其是午餐時(shí)間，因?yàn)樵?

自助餐廳里一般不需付小費(fèi)，自行服務(wù)。大多自助餐廳需排隊(duì)，正常用餐時(shí)間很擁擠，但

是如果你稍早或稍晚一點(diǎn)吃的話，你通常不用等很久就有座位。到校園自助餐廳用餐的學(xué)生

需出示自身有效用餐卡，如果餐廳人員，學(xué)生監(jiān)督員或檢查員要求的話，需出示學(xué)生證或其

他任何證件，否則沒(méi)證件就會(huì)被認(rèn)為不是學(xué)生而不讓進(jìn)入或是要求離開(kāi)餐廳。

�� 11. 答案popular。

�� 12. 答案especially。

�� 13. 答案generally。

�� 14. 答案serve。

�� 15. 答案expected。

�� 16. 答案dishes。

�� 17. 答案garbage。

�� 18. 答案You can usually get a seat without waiting too long if you eat a

little early or a little late.

�ぁ倦y句譯文】 如果你稍早或稍晚就餐的話，通常不必等很久就可以找到座位。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題考查學(xué)生的速記能力，理解能力。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 如果考生聽(tīng)懂了上文“在正常用餐時(shí)間很擁擠”，就可以推測(cè)下文內(nèi)容應(yīng)

該是如何回避擁擠的問(wèn)題，聽(tīng)到關(guān)鍵詞 get seat, without waiting, if, early, late,就

可以將此句寫(xiě)出來(lái)。

�� 19. 答案Students must prove their identity if asked by an examiner concerned.

�ぁ倦y句譯文】如果餐廳人員，學(xué)生監(jiān)督員或是檢查員要求的話，你必須出示學(xué)生證或其

他任何證件。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題考查考生聯(lián)系上下文理解長(zhǎng)句的能力及書(shū)面表達(dá)能力。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 根據(jù)上文進(jìn)入校園自助餐廳的學(xué)生，必須出示自己的有效用餐卡，可以推

測(cè)下文內(nèi)容將與在校園自助餐廳用餐的資格或必須持有的證件有關(guān)，聽(tīng)出關(guān)鍵詞 cards, certification, presented, requested, staff, managers, checkers，就不難根據(jù)全句意思寫(xiě)出此題答案。

�� 20. 答案Those who can't prove they are students are not allowed to enter

the cafeteria.

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題考查學(xué)生的理解能力和迅速的書(shū)面表達(dá)能力。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 此句較長(zhǎng)，要逐字寫(xiě)下來(lái)不容易，但由上文可以略知這里將要談到的是沒(méi)

有證件會(huì)如何。聽(tīng)出關(guān)鍵詞 refuse to show，non�瞫tudent，denied entrance，leav就能了解此句大意，“沒(méi)法證明自己是學(xué)生的人不讓進(jìn)入自助餐廳”。

�� Part Ⅱ

�� 1

�ざ涛拇笠猹�

�� 本文與我們?nèi)粘Ｉ�活關(guān)系十分密切。在與人交談時(shí)，應(yīng)該體會(huì)說(shuō)話者真正的意思，而不應(yīng)該只看表面意思，否則會(huì)造成誤解�？匆豢凑f(shuō)話者的表情、眼神、說(shuō)話的腔調(diào)，以及站立(或坐)的姿勢(shì)，看看這些是否與其語(yǔ)言相符合，這樣將會(huì)避免誤解。

�� 21.答案B。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 作者回憶起與他的朋友之間發(fā)生的事情，他會(huì)……

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題考查對(duì)第一段的理解。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 第一段倒數(shù)第二句說(shuō)：“當(dāng)我們回顧往事時(shí)，象這樣的疑惑 (即猜不透他人

的真正意思 )會(huì)使我們感到糟糕。”據(jù)此以及第一段中的往事可推知當(dāng)他回憶他和朋友之間

發(fā)生的幾件事時(shí)，他感到可能沒(méi)有覺(jué)察出朋友們對(duì)他的真正感情，故 B正確。

�� 22.答案D。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 有人說(shuō)“ You're a lucky dog.”時(shí)，他真正的含義是……

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題考查結(jié)合上下文對(duì)句子的理解。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 第二段的倒數(shù)第四句說(shuō) lucky dog“有點(diǎn)嫉妒之意”，因“dog”有點(diǎn)貶低

人，故 D正確而C錯(cuò)。而“You're a lucky guy.”or“You're a lucky gal.”卻表示友好之意，故A和B皆錯(cuò)。

�� 23.答案C。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 聽(tīng)人說(shuō)話時(shí)，重要的是把他所說(shuō)的與他的表情、語(yǔ)調(diào)、姿勢(shì)相對(duì)照。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題考查對(duì)最后一段的理解。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 見(jiàn)最后一段開(kāi)頭的幾個(gè)問(wèn)句。

�� 24.答案A。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 要是你接受作者的建議，你會(huì)怎么做。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題考查對(duì)全文主旨的理解。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 由最后兩句話可知，作者建議我們仔細(xì)掂量以確定對(duì)方的真正含義，所以

應(yīng)選 A。

�ぁ咀髡呓ㄗh】此題也可用排除法。

�� 25.答案C。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 本文力圖告訴你如何避免誤解別人對(duì)你講的話。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題考查對(duì)作者寫(xiě)作意圖的了解。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 文章第一段舉例說(shuō)明我們?cè)陬I(lǐng)會(huì)他人真正的意思上犯有錯(cuò)誤， 接著舉例

說(shuō)明人們所說(shuō)的話是怎樣掩蓋了他們真正的意思，最后一段告訴我們?nèi)绾晤I(lǐng)會(huì)他人的真

正意思。全文都是圍繞“如何領(lǐng)會(huì)他人暗含之意”展開(kāi)的，據(jù)此可推知 C正確。��

2

�ざ涛拇笠猹�

�� 本文所涉及的是關(guān)于睡眠的幾個(gè)階段及其在各處階段的具體表現(xiàn)。一般睡眠經(jīng)歷四個(gè)時(shí)相(階段)的循環(huán)，第一時(shí)相即剛?cè)胨瘯r(shí)，眼球運(yùn)動(dòng)較頻繁，體溫略有下降，肌肉松弛，呼吸減慢而更有規(guī)律。大腦波減慢在開(kāi)始的幾分鐘之內(nèi)以頻率很高的快波為主，接著的半小時(shí)左右，從第二時(shí)相進(jìn)入第三時(shí)相睡眠，身體更放松，然后再過(guò)40至60分鐘會(huì)進(jìn)入最深睡眠，即第四時(shí)相。第四時(shí)相的深度睡眠并不持續(xù)整個(gè)晚上，安睡80分鐘后，大腦活動(dòng)又會(huì)輕微加強(qiáng)，眼球開(kāi)始在眼皮底下轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，這一階段持續(xù)8——15分鐘，稱為快波睡眠，身體迅速放松，睡眠會(huì)又一次由第一時(shí)相到第四時(shí)相，80分鐘之后再次回到即將醒來(lái)的狀態(tài)。

�� 26.答案B。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 睡眠的幾個(gè)階段呈現(xiàn)出……

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題為理解題。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 文章的第二句告訴我們睡眠的不同階段是周期性發(fā)生的，故睡眠的各階段

呈現(xiàn)規(guī)則的一面。

�� 27.答案D。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 第四階段 (時(shí)相)睡眠持續(xù)時(shí)間為……

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題為推理題。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 根據(jù)文章可知一個(gè)睡眠周期大約是 80分鐘，而stage 4 sleep是睡眠的最后階段，它發(fā)生在入睡后大約40至60分鐘時(shí)，據(jù)此可推出stage 4 sleep持續(xù)20至40分鐘。

�� 28.答案C。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 腦電波在哪個(gè)階段最慢 ?

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題為細(xì)節(jié)推理題。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 文章第一段倒數(shù)第四句說(shuō)“睡得越深，腦電波就越慢”，而 stage 4 sleep

是睡得最深的，故腦電波也是最慢的。

�� 29.答案B。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 第二段中“ dart”一詞意為……

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題考查考生根據(jù)上下文推測(cè)單詞意義的能力。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 dart的后文說(shuō)“眼睛好像看著發(fā)生在眼前的事

”，又說(shuō)“這種快速移動(dòng)眼睛的階段叫 REM sleep”，據(jù)此可知dart意為move quickly or suddenly(飛快地移動(dòng))。glare怒目而視；gaze凝視。

�� 30.答案D。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 快波睡眠的特點(diǎn)之一是……

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題考查細(xì)節(jié)推理能力。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 從第二段第一、二句可知大腦運(yùn)動(dòng)水平會(huì)再度略有提高，而 delta波消失，

取代的是腦電波運(yùn)動(dòng)圖形。據(jù)此可知腦電波變得快了一點(diǎn)，大腦活躍些。而大的緩波和睡得

最深是 stage 4 sleep的特征，rapid for the first few minutes是stage 1 sleep的特征，整個(gè)睡眠階段都是有腦電波的，故A，B和C皆錯(cuò)。

�ぁ咀髡呓ㄗh】此題可用排除法。

��

3

�ざ涛拇笠猹�

�� 鏡片設(shè)計(jì)者可以比作棋手：棋手力圖將對(duì)手的棋在幾招之內(nèi)落入自己的圈套，鏡片設(shè)計(jì)者試圖捕捉光線。但比起棋手來(lái)說(shuō)，設(shè)計(jì)鏡片者有一個(gè)很大的優(yōu)勢(shì)，即設(shè)計(jì)者可以自由獲得各種幫助�，F(xiàn)在的鏡片比過(guò)去最好的還好而且價(jià)格更低，結(jié)構(gòu)更復(fù)雜。這在很大程度上離不開(kāi)科學(xué)技術(shù)，因?yàn)樽允贾两K，如果只是一個(gè)人來(lái)設(shè)計(jì)好透鏡都是不切實(shí)際的。

�� 31.答案D。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 設(shè)計(jì)鏡片與下象棋相似之處在于……

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題考查對(duì)文中有關(guān)長(zhǎng)句子的理解。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 見(jiàn)文章第一段四至六句，相似之處在于最終目標(biāo)以及達(dá)到目標(biāo)的手段都是

明確的，只是在任一環(huán)節(jié)上所作的任何一項(xiàng)決定都可能導(dǎo)致無(wú)數(shù)個(gè)結(jié)果。

�� 32.答案B。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 設(shè)計(jì)鏡片的最終目標(biāo)是……

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題考查對(duì)有關(guān)句意的理解。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 見(jiàn)文章第三句“創(chuàng)造鏡片時(shí)，設(shè)計(jì)者試圖‘捕捉'光線，他們迫使源自物

體某個(gè)點(diǎn)的所有光線穿過(guò)一組曲度準(zhǔn)確的透鏡，結(jié)果光線集中在影像的一個(gè)點(diǎn)上。”

�� 33.答案C。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 接著這段文章之后，作者可能會(huì)談到……

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題為推測(cè)作者下一步寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容的題。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 第一段的最后一句說(shuō)“ this article will be concerned only with the

design of photographic lenses”，故C正確。contact lenses隱形眼鏡。

�� 34.答案D。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 下面哪個(gè)詞不能用來(lái)描述今天的鏡片 ?

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題為推測(cè)題。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 第二段第四句說(shuō)“另外一些其設(shè)計(jì)有百年之老的鏡片現(xiàn)在可以大批量生產(chǎn)

且造價(jià)低廉�！备鶕�(jù)此句可推出現(xiàn)在的鏡片還保持著傳統(tǒng)，但并不能推出它們是“不受歡迎

的”。故答案是 D。

�� 35.答案A。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 今天的鏡片設(shè)計(jì)者……

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題考查考生對(duì)最后一段話主要內(nèi)容的理解。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 依據(jù)是第二段的第一句話。 B，C和D文章沒(méi)談到。decisive果斷的。��

4

�ざ涛拇笠猹�

�� 本文是關(guān)于一本書(shū)的簡(jiǎn)介。該書(shū)的第一部分和第二部分各章節(jié)的前后安排以及與之有的

事，該書(shū)第二部分在原來(lái)第二版的基礎(chǔ)上有一些改動(dòng)，原來(lái)的第 8章“報(bào)告的特例”改為“

非正式報(bào)告”，還在原來(lái)的基礎(chǔ)上重寫(xiě)了“建議”這一章，并在內(nèi)容上有所擴(kuò)充，還增加了新的章節(jié)。

36.答案A。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 本文最有可能是什么書(shū)的前言。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題考查由文章內(nèi)容推測(cè)其領(lǐng)域范圍。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 本選段講述了該書(shū)第一部分和第二部分各章節(jié)的前后安排以及與之有關(guān)的

事。從其內(nèi)容看應(yīng)是一本有關(guān)專業(yè)技術(shù)寫(xiě)作的書(shū)的序言，這一點(diǎn)也可從第二段最后一句話看

出來(lái)。

�� 37.答案C。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 在第一部分，作者按什么順序排列以下章節(jié)。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題考查考生對(duì)文章上下文線索的把握。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 做此題時(shí)要注意第一段和第二段中的大寫(xiě)字母，因其表示專有名詞，還要

注意以下各詞： start with,then,follow和chapter on(論述……的章節(jié))。

�� 38.答案C。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 在哪一章可以發(fā)現(xiàn)一些寫(xiě)作練習(xí)。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題為辨認(rèn)細(xì)節(jié)題。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 見(jiàn)文章第二段第二句。

�� 39.答案D。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 根據(jù)本文“技術(shù)信息口語(yǔ)表達(dá)”這一章出現(xiàn)在

該書(shū)的哪一版哪一部分 ?

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題為判斷理解題。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 根據(jù)第四段第一、二句話可知此章節(jié)出現(xiàn)在第三版該書(shū)的第二部分。

�� 40.答案B。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 關(guān)于新一版的第二部分以下哪一項(xiàng)不正確 ?

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題為判斷理解題。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 根據(jù)第四段第二句可知 Oral Presentation of Technical Information是個(gè)全新的章節(jié)，而不是一個(gè)經(jīng)修改的章節(jié)，故B不符合原文，是答案。根據(jù)第三段第一句話可知第八章的標(biāo)題換了，原名是“Special Types of Reports”，現(xiàn)名是“Informal Reports—Their Variation in Form and Purpose”，故A和D符合原文。第四段第一句說(shuō)Proposals這一章節(jié)先出現(xiàn)在第二版本上，在此版本中此章節(jié)重寫(xiě)了并且大大地?cái)U(kuò)充了內(nèi)容，據(jù)此

可推知 B不符合原文。

��

Part Ⅱ��

41.答案B。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 他將那些蔬菜半價(jià)出售了，而不是讓蔬菜爛掉。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題為詞義辨析題。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 rather than而不是，是連接詞，連接平行結(jié)構(gòu)。more than 比……多，超過(guò)，如：more than six dollars。但當(dāng)more than分開(kāi)使用時(shí)也可表示“(與其說(shuō)是)……而不是”，例如：He is more a poet than a philosopher.與其說(shuō)他是個(gè)哲學(xué)家，不如說(shuō)他是個(gè)詩(shī)人。other than意為“不同于”，例如：The result was quite other than we had expected.結(jié)果與我們期望的大不一樣。better than比……好，好于。

�� 42.答案B。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 今天，電器已使家務(wù)變得容易多了。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題為詞義辨析題。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 此四詞皆有“器具，儀器”之意，但有差別。 appliances指的是較小的器

具，通常用手操作使之適應(yīng)特殊目的，如牙醫(yī)的牙鉆，真空吸塵器，電爐，高壓鍋等。 faci

lities設(shè)施，設(shè)備，通常較大，如：車，船，圖書(shū)館，試驗(yàn)室等。instruments通常指科學(xué)

工作中使用的精密儀器。 equipment指成套的裝備，設(shè)備。

�� 43.答案A。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 他拒絕把他想要的東西給他。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題為詞義辨析題。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 deny拒絕給予，后可接雙賓語(yǔ)，例如：He denies his children nothing.

他對(duì)孩子有求必應(yīng)。 refute駁斥，反駁。ignore忽視，不予理睬。deprive sb. of sth.剝奪某人某物。

�� 44.答案B。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 這本書(shū)不受孩子們的歡迎 /孩子們不喜歡這本書(shū)。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題為詞義辨析題。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 當(dāng) appeal to的主語(yǔ)是人時(shí)常表示“呼吁，請(qǐng)求”，而當(dāng)其主語(yǔ)是物時(shí)則常

表示“迎合，對(duì)……有吸引力”。 submit to服從，甘受；confess to供認(rèn)，招認(rèn)；consent

to同意。例如：a. He submitted to is parents' decision at last.他最后服從了父母的決定。b. He appealed to me for help.他向我求援。c. The man confessed to stealing

the money.那人承認(rèn)偷了錢(qián)。d. My father refused to consent to my marrying her.父母拒絕答應(yīng)我和她結(jié)婚。

�� 45.答案B。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 各種尺寸的鞋我們都有現(xiàn)貨。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題考查習(xí)語(yǔ)搭配。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 have sth. in stock是習(xí)語(yǔ)，表示“有……的現(xiàn)貨”。out of stock缺貨，脫銷：I'm sorry, this size is out of stock.很抱歉，這個(gè)尺寸沒(méi)有現(xiàn)貨。

�� 46.答案B。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 我挖苦那個(gè)人窩藏贓物。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題考查詞義辨析及固定搭配。

�ぁ驹~義辨析】 注意以下搭配中介詞的不同： charge sb.with因……譴責(zé)、控告某人；acc

use sb. of因……指責(zé)、控告某人；scold sb. for因……責(zé)罵某人；blame…for因……埋怨，責(zé)備，blame sth. on (onto) sb.把……怪罪到……的頭上。例如：a.He was accused of theft.他被控告偷竊。b. He was charged with bribery.他被控告收取賄賂。c. The parents scolded him severely for lying to them.他因?qū)Ω改刚f(shuō)謊而遭到嚴(yán)厲責(zé)罵。d. It's not much use blaming our defeat on the weather.把我們的失敗歸罪于天氣沒(méi)多大用。

�� 47.答案A。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 你錯(cuò)啦——你把這個(gè)詞給漏掉了。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題為詞義辨析題。

�ぁ驹~義辨析】 leave out漏掉，遺漏；leave off停止；leave behind忘記攜帶；leave for動(dòng)身前往。例如：a. I've left behind my hat on the chair.我把帽子忘在椅子上了。b. We'll start at the point where we left off last time.我們將從上次停止的地方開(kāi)始。

�� 48.答案B。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 在 20世紀(jì)30年代科學(xué)家們開(kāi)始想到原子彈的概念。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題亦為詞義辨析題。

�ぁ驹~義辨析】 conceive想出，想到，后面常跟plan,idea,project等詞。compete �玽i.

��比賽，競(jìng)賽； consume �玽t.��消耗；conceal隱藏，掩蓋，意同hide。

�� 49.答案B。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 你可根據(jù)你的偏愛(ài)選擇參加口試還是筆試。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題為詞組用法辨析題。

【用法辨析】 四選項(xiàng)中只有 according as才可接從句，表示“根據(jù)”，但其后不能接what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句。according to可表示“根據(jù)”，其后跟名詞。accordingly是副詞，表

示“相應(yīng)地；因此，所以”。 in accord (with)符合，(與……)一致，with后接名詞。例如

： a.You will be praised or criticised according as your work is good or bad.根據(jù)你工作的好壞你將受到表?yè)P(yáng)或批評(píng)。b.I have to tell you the rules, so you must act ac

cordingly.我已經(jīng)把規(guī)則告訴你了，所以你必須照著做。c.He was tired out;accordingly

, we sent him to bed.他累壞了，于是，我們送他上床歇著去。d.We are in general accord in our desire for peace.在期望和平方面我們基本一致。

�� 50.答案C。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 桌凳可以根據(jù)任何孩子的身高進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題為詞義辨析題。

�ぁ驹~義辨析】 桌凳可根據(jù)任何孩子的身高進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)。 adjust一般用作及物動(dòng)詞，表示“

調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)；改變以適應(yīng)”。 adjust也可用作不及物動(dòng)詞，adjust to表示“適應(yīng)于”。adopt表示“采納；收養(yǎng)”，不要與adapt混淆，因“adapt…to”表示“使……適應(yīng)”。shift

�� v.��移動(dòng)，改變，常指地位，方向，性格等方面的變化。例如：a.Astronauts in flight must adjust to weightlessness.飛行中的宇航員必須適應(yīng)失重狀態(tài)。(adjust用作不及物動(dòng)

詞 ) b.She adjusted a microscope.她調(diào)整顯微鏡。(adjust �玽t.�珎�(cè)重于小的改變) c.T

he candidate was constantly shifting his position on the issues.那個(gè)候選人在這些

問(wèn)題上不斷地改變立場(chǎng)。 d.Our school has adopted a new teaching method.我們學(xué)校采

用了新的教學(xué)法。

�� 51.答案A。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 會(huì)議結(jié)束了，沒(méi)有進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步討論。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題考查詞義辨析。

�ぁ驹~義辨析】 arise �玽i.��出現(xiàn)，常用于抽象事物，如問(wèn)題，沖突等。arouse �玽t.��引起，激起。raise �玽t.��提高。rise �玽i.��上升，升起，常指具體的高度、價(jià)格等由低到高。

�� 52.答案A。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 總的說(shuō)來(lái)，今天的英國(guó)勞動(dòng)階級(jí)比他們的上一代富裕些。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題考查詞義辨析。

�ぁ驹~義辨析】 by and large總的說(shuō)來(lái)；by no means一點(diǎn)也不；by and by不久，過(guò)一會(huì)兒；in detail詳細(xì)地。例如：a. I am by no means satisfied with my present income.

我對(duì)目前的收入一點(diǎn)也不滿意。 b.The pain will go away by and by.疼痛一會(huì)兒就會(huì)消失

了。 c.Could you explain in more detail?你能說(shuō)得更詳細(xì)些嗎?

�� 53.答案A。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 無(wú)論膚色怎樣每個(gè)人都有權(quán)居住在他想住的地方。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題為詞組意義辨析題。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 regardless of是介詞短語(yǔ)，表示“盡管，不顧”。prior to先于，在……

之前； for the sake of 為了，為了……的緣故；in case of萬(wàn)一，假如。例如：a.For the sake of getting more money, she left home and went to London.為了掙更多的錢(qián)，她離開(kāi)家到了倫敦。b.In case of fire, call 119.倘若有火災(zāi)，就撥打119。[JP2]c.He says

what he thinks,regardless of other people's feelings.[JP]他想說(shuō)就說(shuō)，毫不考慮別人的感受。d.Prior to her marriage, my mother was a nurse.結(jié)婚之前，我母親是個(gè)護(hù)士。

�� 54.答案B。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 1946年的土豆收成比1945年的收成好。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題考查 superior一詞的用法。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 be superior to比……好，比……優(yōu)越，意同be better than。 �瞣r是拉丁語(yǔ)形容詞比較級(jí)詞尾，帶此尾的形容詞因已經(jīng)是比較級(jí)，故其前不需再加more構(gòu)成比較級(jí)。除superior外，帶此尾的形容詞還有：inferior(to比……)差的；junior年小的；senior年長(zhǎng)的；prior較先的；major較大的；minor較小的等。帶�瞣r的形容詞用于結(jié)構(gòu)：形容詞+(i)or+to…，其中的to相當(dāng)于英語(yǔ)中的than。

�� 55.答案A。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 書(shū)籍是學(xué)者們必不可少的東西。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題為詞義辨析題。

�ぁ驹~義辨析】 indispensable必不可少的，常含絕對(duì)需要，缺之不行，例如：Air is indispensable for life.空氣是生命所必需的東西。indispensable常用于短語(yǔ)be indispensable to/for，表示“為……必不可少的”。be indifferent to后接名詞，表示“對(duì)……漠不關(guān)心”。be bound to后接動(dòng)詞原形，表示“一定，必然”，例如：Your plan is bound to succeed.你的計(jì)劃一定會(huì)成功。be accustomed to習(xí)慣于。

�� 56.答案C。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 面對(duì)這樣艱巨的任務(wù)，我們必須加倍努力。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題考查詞匯用法題。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 face是及物動(dòng)詞，不用作不及物動(dòng)詞。我們可以說(shuō)：We face the difficulties.或We are faced with the difficulties.但不能說(shuō)：We face with the difficulties. be faced with是短語(yǔ)，表示“面臨”。選項(xiàng)A和D中的with應(yīng)去掉。選項(xiàng)B不對(duì)，是因?yàn)閃e are facing such a difficult task.是個(gè)句子，其后應(yīng)打句號(hào)。

�� 57.答案C。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 這兩個(gè)年輕女子都完全有資格教希臘文、拉丁文和法文。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題為語(yǔ)法題。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 當(dāng) either, each,neither,everyone等不定代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其后謂語(yǔ)需用第三人稱單數(shù)。例如：a.Neither of these books is very new.這兩本書(shū)都不新。b. Each of the students brings a dictionary.學(xué)生各自帶字典來(lái)。c. Every man and woman is eligible to vote.每個(gè)男人或女人都有資格投票。

�� 58.答案B。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 你的頭發(fā)原來(lái)就需要剪了，我很高興你已剪了發(fā)。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題為語(yǔ)法題，考查 need的特殊用法。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 need用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)有兩個(gè)句型：1.need+to do sth.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)與need后的動(dòng)作是主動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)用該句型。例如：Mary will need to make a new dress for the party. 2. need+�瞚ng或to be+過(guò)去分詞。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)與need后的動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作是被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，用

該句型。如本句也可改為： Your hair needed to be cut.=Your hair needed cutting.

�� 59.答案B。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 努力學(xué)習(xí)比懶散更能獲益。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題為語(yǔ)法題，考查平行結(jié)構(gòu)。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 這是主語(yǔ)的比較，前面的 studying hard應(yīng)與being lazy平行。又比如：Tending dairy cows is a much better way to spend the summer than attending summer school.照料奶牛是一種比上暑期學(xué)校更好的度假方式。在此句中，tending和attending形成了動(dòng)名詞的平行結(jié)構(gòu)。

�� 60.答案D。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 有 20個(gè)學(xué)生上拉丁語(yǔ)課，其中大多數(shù)比我受到更好的語(yǔ)言訓(xùn)練。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題為語(yǔ)法題，考查定語(yǔ)從句。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 當(dāng)非限定性從句修飾物時(shí)，應(yīng)該用 which引導(dǎo)從句,但當(dāng)其修飾人時(shí)，應(yīng)該

用 who,whom或whose。A和B選項(xiàng)不符合此原則。C選項(xiàng)前應(yīng)改為句號(hào)才對(duì)。

�� 61.答案D。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 我希望昨天他能跟我一起去看電影。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題為語(yǔ)法題，考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 wish后面的從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，其謂語(yǔ)常由would,could等構(gòu)成，對(duì)現(xiàn)在的虛擬用過(guò)去時(shí)，對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。例如：I wish you wouldn't smoke any more.

我希望你不要再抽煙了。

�� 62.答案A。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 一個(gè)科目越復(fù)雜，就越需要把它分成讀者可以想象到的許多部分。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題考查語(yǔ)法比較級(jí)句型。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 表示“越……越……”用比較級(jí)句式： the+比較級(jí)…the+比較級(jí)…，例如

： The faster the better.越快越好。注意：當(dāng)比較級(jí)修飾名詞、形容詞或副詞時(shí)，這些名詞、形容詞或副詞要一起移到前面去。根據(jù)此原則，A正確。

�� 63.答案A。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 關(guān)一下門(mén)，好嗎 ?

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題為語(yǔ)法題，考查附加問(wèn)句。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 當(dāng)祈使句反問(wèn)時(shí)，若表示請(qǐng)求，則反詰問(wèn)句用 will you?例如：Do it at once, will you?但當(dāng)祈使句表示邀請(qǐng)及勸告時(shí)，其后應(yīng)用won't you?如：Have a cup of tea, wont you?

�� 64.答案A。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 他一到火車站天就開(kāi)始下雨。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題考查固定搭配及倒裝句。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 表示“一……就”有以下表達(dá)： 1. hardly (scarcely,barely)…when/before 2. no sooner…than。這些句子只用于過(guò)去時(shí)，主句動(dòng)作因發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作之前故用過(guò)

去完成時(shí)。倘若 hardly,scarcely,no sooner和barely在句中則采取正常語(yǔ)序，但當(dāng)它們位于句首時(shí)，主句的主謂語(yǔ)要部分倒裝，使用句型：a. Hardly(Scarcely,Barely)+had+主語(yǔ)＋過(guò)去分詞＋其他。b. No sooner had+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞+其他。例如：a. They had no sooner reached home than it began to rain.他們剛到家就開(kāi)始下雨了。(正常語(yǔ)序)b. Barely had she finished the report when she had to go to the lecture.她剛寫(xiě)完報(bào)告就去

上班。 (倒裝語(yǔ)序) c. Scarcely had Jack seen me when he left the room.杰克一見(jiàn)到我

就離開(kāi)了屋子。 (倒裝語(yǔ)序) 此外表示“一……就”還可用以下表達(dá)：the moment (that)…,as soon as，the instant…,the minute…，它們不是名詞，而是從屬連詞，后跟從句，從

句的時(shí)態(tài)與主句的時(shí)態(tài)一致。例如： I recognized him the minute (the moment,as soon

as, the instant) I saw him.我一見(jiàn)到他就認(rèn)出他了。

�� 65.答案C。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 風(fēng)暴摧毀了他們的茅舍，所以他們不得不住在洞里。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題為語(yǔ)法題，考查獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 這是分詞的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)句。分詞的完成式表示其動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之前，

根據(jù)句意可知，暴風(fēng)雨毀掉草屋在前，故 C是答案。

�� 66.答案A。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 與公司的大多數(shù)雇員們所享有的有工資的節(jié)假日天數(shù)比起來(lái)，三個(gè)星期的

假期似乎是很慷慨的。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題為語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)題。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 compare…with意為“與……相比”。分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，若與主句的主語(yǔ)是主

謂關(guān)系，則用現(xiàn)在分詞，若是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系則用過(guò)去分詞。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞。故 A對(duì)。

�� 67.答案D。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 還要過(guò)一段時(shí)間他才會(huì)再見(jiàn)到他父親。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題考查句子的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 注意句型： It's +時(shí)間+before…表示“……之后……才”。例如：It will not be long before they understand each other.他們大概不久就會(huì)互相了解。而since的特殊句型是：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞完成式+其他+since+一個(gè)含一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子。如：It has been a year since I graduated from the school.我從學(xué)校畢業(yè)已經(jīng)一年了。

�� 68.答案A。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 他在這班上年紀(jì)最小。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題考查比較級(jí)。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 比較級(jí)句中前后兩者相比時(shí)應(yīng)把自身排除在外，而 B，C和D皆包含he在內(nèi)，故都應(yīng)排除。

�� 69.答案B。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 公司的建立將從公司營(yíng)業(yè)執(zhí)照簽發(fā)之日開(kāi)始。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題為語(yǔ)法題，考查定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 這是個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，從句需要一個(gè)含 day在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，特指的一天，其前應(yīng)用介詞on。此外，引導(dǎo)從句的關(guān)系代詞which若其前有介詞時(shí)該介詞不能省略，故B對(duì)。whenever只能引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句，不引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，例如：You may leave whenever you please.無(wú)論你什么時(shí)候想走就可以走。

�� 70.答案C。

�ぁ緟⒖甲g文】 你一定誤會(huì)我了，因?yàn)槲覜](méi)說(shuō)那件事。

�ぁ驹囶}分析】 此題為語(yǔ)法題，考查 must用作“推測(cè)”意時(shí)的用法。

�ぁ驹敿�(xì)解答】 must+have+過(guò)去分詞：表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情的有把握的肯定猜測(cè)。must+

動(dòng)詞原形：表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的事情的猜測(cè)。 must+be+doing：表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在正進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或在

此刻前一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作的猜測(cè)，例如： He must be working hard.他一定正在努力工作。

�� Part Ⅳ

�� 71.【參考譯文】 但你并不是整夜都保持這種第四階段的沉睡狀態(tài)，入睡后大約80分鐘左右，你的大腦活動(dòng)會(huì)再度略有加強(qiáng)。

�ぁ痉�譯技巧】 本句使用減詞法。

�ぁ痉�譯點(diǎn)評(píng)】 后半句“ brain activitiy level will increase again slightly.”句中

“ level”一詞可以不譯，“increase”一詞則譯為“加強(qiáng)”更好。

�� 72.【參考譯文】 創(chuàng)造鏡片時(shí)，鏡片設(shè)計(jì)者試圖“捕捉”光線，他們迫使源自物體某個(gè)點(diǎn)的所有光線穿過(guò)一組曲度準(zhǔn)確的透鏡，結(jié)果光線集中在影像的一個(gè)點(diǎn)上。

�ぁ痉�譯技巧】 本句可用分譯法，把長(zhǎng)句子中的短語(yǔ)化為句子，分開(kāi)來(lái)敘述，適當(dāng)用增詞

法并調(diào)整句子順序。

�ぁ痉�譯點(diǎn)評(píng)】 句中介詞短語(yǔ)“ by forcing all the rays…to focus on a single point

in the image”和后面的介詞短語(yǔ)“as a consequence of…surfaces”。結(jié)合在一起先調(diào)

整語(yǔ)序?yàn)椤?by forcing all the rays…in the subject, after passing through…surfaces, focus on…in the image”，再將這個(gè)長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的介詞短語(yǔ)譯成兩個(gè)句子，加上force的邏

輯主語(yǔ) they，所以譯為“他們迫使源自物體某個(gè)點(diǎn)的所有光線穿過(guò)一組曲度準(zhǔn)確的透鏡，結(jié)果光線集中在影像的一個(gè)點(diǎn)上�！�

�� 73.【參考譯文】 然而，每做一個(gè)決定可能產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果數(shù)目之大，如果不是實(shí)際上的話，簡(jiǎn)直是無(wú)限的。

�ぁ痉�譯技巧】 此句的主語(yǔ)部分需用逆序法。

�ぁ痉�譯點(diǎn)評(píng)】 首先需要弄清此句結(jié)構(gòu)，主干為： The number is so large as to be infinite。再將一些修飾性、限定性的成份加進(jìn)去，就比較容易譯出整句了。另外還需注意“virtually, if not actually”的意思，可見(jiàn)，這兩個(gè)副詞virtually與actually并不相同，

前者意為“幾乎”，后者意為“實(shí)際上”。

�� 74.【參考譯文】 我們亦擴(kuò)充了處理專業(yè)技術(shù)文章的方法——是由于我們

認(rèn)識(shí)到文章寫(xiě)作對(duì)寫(xiě)作者職業(yè)的潛在貢獻(xiàn)以及對(duì)科學(xué)技術(shù)的價(jià)值。

�ぁ痉�譯技巧】 此題需采用“增詞法”，還要注意句子的結(jié)構(gòu)。

�ぁ痉�譯點(diǎn)評(píng)】 句中“ the treatment of…”譯為“處理……的方法”。破折號(hào)后面的分

詞短語(yǔ)由分詞 recognizing加上兩個(gè)帶有各自定語(yǔ)的并列名詞詞組“the potential contribution of…”和“the value of…”組成，這個(gè)分詞短語(yǔ)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明前面句子的理由，所以在“認(rèn)識(shí)到……”之前加上“是由于我們”，使其與前面的句子更加緊湊、連貫。

�� 75.【參考譯文】 雖然學(xué)習(xí)此章節(jié)不能替代對(duì)公開(kāi)發(fā)言的訓(xùn)練，然而我們

相信此章節(jié)中的建議對(duì)那些使用此書(shū)的人大有裨益，他們?cè)谠S多場(chǎng)合下被請(qǐng)求在一小群人或許多聽(tīng)眾面前親自陳述自己的意見(jiàn)。

�ぁ痉�譯技巧】 本題采用“詞類轉(zhuǎn)換法”、“前置法”、“溶合法”。

�ぁ痉�譯點(diǎn)評(píng)】 翻譯時(shí)，將名詞性詞組“ a study of this chapter”譯為動(dòng)詞性詞組“學(xué)

習(xí)本章”，“ no substitute for”譯為“并不能替代”，“be of substantial assistance to”譯為“對(duì)……大有裨益”；其次，將those后的定語(yǔ)從句放在其前譯為“那些使用此

書(shū)的人”；另外，將狀語(yǔ) on the numerous occasions與后面的定語(yǔ)從句溶合在一起譯為“他

們?cè)谠S多場(chǎng)合下……”

�� Part Ⅴ

��寫(xiě)作指導(dǎo)

�ケ疚氖顷P(guān)于國(guó)有企業(yè)職工下崗的問(wèn)題。本文要求考生用全面的觀點(diǎn)來(lái)看待下崗這一現(xiàn)象，

還要求考生能就此現(xiàn)象發(fā)表一些自己的看法及可能的解決方案。這里必須注意“ lay�瞣ff”

這一詞組的用法“ lay sb. off”意思是“stop employing sb. esp. for a period in which there is little work”，“l(fā)ay�瞣ff”是名詞，意思是“the stopping of a worker's employment at a time when there is little work”所以“l(fā)aid�瞣ff workers”才

是指“下崗工人”，在范文中，第一段根據(jù)要求，寫(xiě)下崗是改革的需要，為了深化國(guó)有企業(yè)

的改革越來(lái)越多的工人下崗。注意，如果不仔細(xì)理解此段要求的話，很容易接下來(lái)就寫(xiě)下崗工人的“不幸”、因難的處境。但緊扣題綱，這一段必須寫(xiě)下崗的積極方面，可以就深化國(guó)企改革的需要方面進(jìn)行展開(kāi)，如使多余的工人下崗有利于提高國(guó)有企業(yè)的效率，幫助國(guó)企渡過(guò)難關(guān)，加速國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，以便最終實(shí)現(xiàn)共同富裕。

�サ诙�段寫(xiě)下崗會(huì)帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題：給公眾帶來(lái)工作壓力，很多人生活水平下降，犯罪率上升，

造成社會(huì)不安定，這一段需要注意的是，考生絕對(duì)不可以在此對(duì)下崗現(xiàn)象表現(xiàn)出不滿或是太

偏激認(rèn)為下崗是活該，應(yīng)持中立態(tài)度，客觀地分析下崗帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題。

�サ谌�段談解決方案：政府應(yīng)采取措施保障下崗工人的利益，提供再就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，下崗工人自

身也當(dāng)提高自己的意識(shí)，以適應(yīng)形勢(shì)的需要。

�� Sample Writing

��

Lay�瞣ffs in State�瞣wned Enterprises

��

In order to deepen the reform of state�瞣wned enterprises, more and more workers are laid off. It is indeed necessary. Laying off redundant workers can help the enterprises overcome their difficulties and raise their efficiency and productivity. It also adds impetus to China's economic growth and thus help to lay a solid foundation for the common prosperity of the entire population, including the lai off workers.

��

However, carrying out lay�瞣ffs places too much employment pressure on society and arouses many social problems, such as the decline of many people's living

standard, the increase of crime rate and social instability. So it's very important for the laid�瞣ff workers to be re�瞖mployed.

��

To solve these problems, the government should show concern for the workers

and take effective measures to protect their interests. The enterprises laying off

workers should set up re�瞖mployment service centers to ensure their basic living standards, conduct professional training and help them get new jobs. The laid�瞣ff workers themselves should keep in mind that it's no use complaining and sighing.

As long as they stand up to being laid off, update their concepts about employment

and adapt to new situations, they are sure to overcome the difficulty.